Grammatical modality and mean of expressing it. - раздел Философия, The theoretical and methodological aspects of translation Grammatical (Syntactic) Modality Is Of Common Nature In English And Ukrainian...
Grammatical (syntactic) modality is of common nature in English and Ukrainian as well. It expresses actions viewed upon as real, unreal, optative, hypothetic, conditional, interrogative, incentive. The principles means of expressing are mood form of the verb (indicative, imperative, subjunctive).
Mean of expression in English and Ukrainian of optative (wishful), incentive, subjunctive modality.
Way of expressing the meaning of optative modality. (бажальна)
The main ways and means are syntactic: sentence structures, the use of auxiliary and modal verbs (to be, should, could, let), utterance intonation.
Ukrainian modal particles: б, би, аби, щоби, бодай, десь, хай, хоч, чи не, коли б. Я її либонь побачу. – I might see her.
жаль, шкода – wish with regret. I wish I had met him when he was younger. – Шкода, що я не зустріла його, коли він був молодшим.
б/би – I would like he were a tree or a flower. – Хотів би я, щоб він був деревом чи квіткою.
Way of expressing incentive modality (спонукальної).
It is often expressed through the modal verb let – хай, нехай. Let each tailor mend his own coat. – Хай кожен займається своєю справою
Particle long with may and corresponding intonation expresses хай, хай же exclamatory Ukrainian sentences. May our Motherland live long! – Хай же квітне наша Батьківщина!
Ways of expressing subjunctive modality are mostly common with this employed to express optative modality: could, should, would, might, would rather, would sooner.
some particle б/би, conjunction якби
Should Carry come, ask her to wait. – На випадок, якби прийшла Керрі, попросіть її зачекати.
If (якби, коли б)
If had any stranger been prowling round the house, he would have been seen by the servant or the keepers. – Никав би був хтось сторонній попід будинком, його був би помітив слуга чи то сторожі.
Interrelation with other disciplines... Many aspects of translation have been covered by other disciplines such as... Stages of translation process understanding...
Если Вам нужно дополнительный материал на эту тему, или Вы не нашли то, что искали, рекомендуем воспользоваться поиском по нашей базе работ:
Grammatical modality and mean of expressing it.
Что будем делать с полученным материалом:
Если этот материал оказался полезным ля Вас, Вы можете сохранить его на свою страничку в социальных сетях:
Translation as a notion and subject. Interpretation.
Translation as a term and notion is of polysemantic nature. The first common and most general meaning is associated with the action or process of rendering the cont
Stages of translation process.
Psychologically viewed translation process includes two mental processes:
-understanding (1);
-verbalization (2).
4.1. The translator understands the content of ST, first
Types of translation.
The types of translation can be singled out depending on the predominate communicative function, the form of speech involved in translation process. So we can distinguish between literary a
Pragmatic adaptation.
The communicants involved in interlingual communication not only speak different languages but also have different general knowledge, social and historical background and belong to different cultur
Linguistic and extralinguistic aspects.
Translation is a complicated phenomenon involving linguistic, psychological, cultural, literary and other factors. The most of the research of up-to-date translation has been made within linguistic
Context.
When confronted with the text to be translated, the translator’s first concern is to understand it by assessing the meaning of language units in the text against the contextual situation and the ex
Translation and interpretation during the Middle Ages.
The MiddleAges(500 AD – 1450 AD)are characterized by a general lack of progress. Translations and interpretations are known to have been performed in the domains o
Translation during the Renaissance period.
The Renaissance period which began in the 14th century in Italy was marked by great discoveries and inventions, the most significant of which was the invention of the moving printing pre
Identification of international lexicon units.
Internationalisms are such language units which are borrowed from one and the same source language (SL) by at least three genealogically different 1anguges in the same or similar l
Literature used and recommended
1. Баранцев К.Т. Англо-український фразеологічний словник. - К. Радянська школа, 1996. - 1052 с.
2. Зорівчак Р.П. Фразеологічна одиниця як перекладознавча
Literature used and recommended
1. Баранцев К.Т. Англо – український фразеологічний словник. – К.: Радянська школа, 1996. – 1052 с.
2. Зорівчак Р.П. Фоазеологічна одиниця як перекладознавча категорія. – Львів: Вища школа
Transformation of some idioms in the process of translating.
Many phraseological expressions singled out by V. Vinogradov as unities may reflect national features of the SL (reference to traditions, customs, events, geographical position). Being nationally d
То be (to)
to be to is the synonymous to have to and is realized depending on the form and lexical meaning of the infinitive following it. Mostly -мати, even повинен, мусити. According to the agreement rent w
Transformations in the process of translation.
1. The kind of major and minor alteration in the structural form of language units performed with the aim of achieving faithfulness in translation are referred to as transl
Grammatical transformation.
Faithfulness of transformation depends on the functional and never on the formal approach to the choice of corresponding linguistic means. E.g.
I wanted to have done it myself. -Я хотів це
Lexical transformations.
The term was used by Retsker. Sometimes to achieve adequacy the translator must considerably change words and phrases of the original and instead of formal correspondences use functional correspond
Lexico-grammatical transformations.
Antonymic transformation is defined as rendering SL unit with the help of opposite words and constructions. It is employed for achieving faithfulness in conveying the content or ex
Новости и инфо для студентов