Survivors who have been adrift for several days may be suffering from dehydration. If they have been adrift for several weeks, malnutrition may also be a problem. Caution should be exercised in trying to reverse either dehydration or malnutrition. Give oral rehydration salt solution or sweetened fluids in quantities that will produce a urinary output of one litre per day initially. In temperate climatic conditions (or air-conditioned accommodation), this will usually mean an input of about 2 litres a day. If the weather is warm and the skin is moist or sweaty, higher intakes may be permitted. Initially, a diet of nourishing liquids (sugar and water or milk or soup) will satisfy nutritional requirements and should be given for the first 2 days. Then small amounts of normal food can be given additionally. RADIO MEDICAL ADVICE should be sought. This diet should continue until either the survivor can be transferred to care ashore or medical assistance is given on board.
I. Read and translate the text
II. Give a summary of aspects to be paid attention in the process of medical care of castaways and rescued persons