Routine particulars about the ship - раздел Философия, АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК 1.5. Name Of Ship
1.6. Call Sign
1.7. Date And Time (Gmt/ut...
1.5. Name of ship
1.6. Call sign
1.7. Date and time (GMT/UTC)
1.8. Course, speed, position
1.5.1. Port of destination is … and is … hours/days away
1.5.2. Nearest port is … and is … hours/days away
1.5.3. Other possible port is … and is … hours/days away
1.6 Local weather (if relevant)
2. Routine particulars about the patient
2.1. Surname of casualty
2.2. Other names of casualty
2.3. Rank
2.4. Job on board (occupation)
2.5. Age and sex
3. Particulars of the illness
3.1. Exactly how did the injuries arise?
3.2. When did the injuries occur?
3.3. What does the patient complain of? (List the complaints in order of importance or severity)
3.4. Give any important past illness/operations/injuries.
3.5. List all medicines/tablets/drugs that the patient was taking before the present injury began and indicate the dose(s) and how often taken
3.6. Has the patient been taking any alcohol or do you think he is taking non-medicinal drugs?
3.7. Does the patient remember everything that happened, or did he lose consciousness even for a very short time?
3.8. If he lost consciousness, describe when, for how long, and the degree of unconsciousness.
4. Results of examination of the ill person
4.1. Temperature, pulse and respiration
4.2. Describe the general condition of the patient
4.3. List what you believe to be the patient’s injuries in order of importance an severity
4.4. Did the patient lose any blood? If so, how much?
4.5. What tests have you done and with what result (urine, other)?
5. Treatment
5.1. Describe the first aid and other treatment you have carried out since the injuries occurred.
5.2. List ALL the medicines/tablets/drugs that the patient has taken or been given since the illness began and indicate the doses and the times given or how often given. Do not use term “standard antibiotic treatment”. Name the antibiotic given.
5.3. How has the patient responded to the treatment given?
6. Problems
6.1. What problems are worrying you now?
6.2. What do you think you need to be advised on?
Все темы данного раздела:
Front - Спереди
Frontal region of the head – Лобная часть головы Side of head – Височная часть головы Top of head - Макушка Face – Лицо Cheek - Щека Jaw - Челюсть
Back - Сзади
Back of head - затылок Back of neck – Шея (сзади) Back of shoulder - Плечо Scapula region - Лопатка Elbow - локоть Back upper arm – Верхняя часть
General principles of first aid aboard ship
First aid must be administered immediately to: restore breathing and heart-beat, control bleeding, remove poisons, prevent further injury to the patient (for instance, his removal from a room conta
Если пострадавший в бессознательном состоянии
· Положите пострадавшего на спину и расположите голову так, чтобы подбородок был приподнят;
· Опустите челюсть пострадавшего так, чтобы рот был открыт;
· Убедитесь, что дыхательны
Summary of points to be remembered when applying artificial respiration and heart compression
Don't delay - Place victim on his back on a hard surface.
Step A. Airway - If patient is unconscious, open the airway; thereafter make sure it stays open.
Remember the following expressions
Тщательно составленная история болезни – careful history
Запись в истории болезни – record in a case report
Заполнение истории болезни – filling in a patient’s card
Жалоб
Routine particulars about the ship
1.1. Name of ship
1.2. Call sign
1.3. Date and time (GMT/UTC)
1.4. Course, speed, position
1.5.1. Port of destination is … and is … hours/days away
1.5.
Other comments
Comments by the radio doctor
Make the following radio message Моторист, Н., 45 лет. Приступ сжимающей боли за грудиной, иррадиация в левое плечо
Electrical burns
Make sure you do not become the next casualty when approaching any person who is in contact with electricity. If possible, switch off the current. Otherwise, insulate yourself before approaching an
Treatment
Try to remove patient to hospital within 6 hours, otherwise seek RADIO MEDICAL ADVICE in the case of:
third-degree burns; babies; burns of face and genitalia, and l
Translate the following sentences from Russian into English
1. Ожоги, вызванные сухим и влажным жаром, лечат одинаково.
2. Ожоги первой степени затрагивают только наружный слой кожи, вызывая покраснение, умеренный отек, болезненность при прикоснове
ABDOMINAL PAIN
Minor Abdominal Conditions
This group of conditions includes indigestion, “wind”, flatulence, mild abdominal colic (spasmodic abdominal pain without vomiting or diarrhea and fever),
Appendicitis
Appendicitis is the commonest abdominal emergency, occurring mostly in people under 30 years old, though it can appear in people of any age. When considering appendicitis as a diagnosis, always ask
Indigestion
Indigestion occurs when food fails to undergo the normal changes of digestion in the alimentary canal. It is a symptom and not a disease. Occasional indigestion may be of no consequence, but chroni
Intestinal obstruction
Intestinal obstruction may come on either slowly or suddenly; a common cause is a strangulated hernia. The bowel will always try to push intestinal contents past any obstruction, and as it does so
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Communicable diseases are those that can be transmitted from one person (or animal) to another. There may be direct or indirect transmission to a well person from an infected person or animal – at
Dysentery
This disease is due to bacteria taken into the system through water or food and usually occurs in tropical and semitropical countries. This bacteria cause severe inflammation of the mucous membrane
Fractures
A fracture is a broken bone. The bone may be broken into two or more pieces or it may have a linear crack. Fractures are described as closed if the skin remains unbroken. If there is a wound at or
Types of fractures
Closed (simple) fracture – закрытый перелом
Combined fracture – сочетанный перелом
Comminuted fracture – оскольчатый перелом
Сompound fracture - открытый перелом
Internal Bleeding
Internal bleeding may result from a direct blow to the body, from strains, and from diseases such as peptic ulcer.
Internal bleeding can be concealed or visible. Bleeding round a broken li
Toxic hazards of chemicals
Ships carry a number of substances in addition to cargo that are potentially toxic. For instance, medicines are not generally poisonous but can become so if taken other than prescribed. Then there
Diagnosis of poisoning
General Principles
The diagnosis of poisoning may be simplified if one of the following factors point to the probable cause:
· the circumstances of the incident, e.g. a lea
Prevention of poisoning
Remember: Prevention is better than cure
Knowledge of the basic safety precautions and strict adherence to them by people working with dangerous goods, and also knowledge
Food-borne diseases (food poisoning)
Food-borne diseases - some forms of which are sometimes also referred to as food poisoning - are illnesses of an infectious or toxic nature caused, or thought to be caused, by the consumption of fo
Less common causes
· Migraine, which usually occurs only on one side of the head and is associated with vomiting and visual disturbances such as flashing lights.
· Brain disease; acute as with meningitis and
Angina pectoris (pain in the chest)
Angina usually affects those of middle age and upwards. The pain varies from patient to patient in frequency of occurrence, type, and severity. It is most often brought on by physical exertion (ang
Specific treatment
Pain can be relieved by sucking (not swallowing) a tablet of glyceryl trinitrate (0.5 mg). The tablet should be allowed to dissolve slowly under the tongue. These tablets can be used as often as ne
Heat-stroke (sunstroke)
Heat-stroke is a medical emergency that is associated with a potentially high mortality rate. It occurs when the body's main mechanism of heat loss (evaporation of sweat) is blocked. There m
Treatment
Immediate treatment must be given to reduce the body temperature, or brain damage and death may occur. The patient should be undressed and placed in a tub of cold (around 20 °C) water; or co
Hernia (rupture)
The abdominal cavity is a large enclosed space lined by a sheet of tissue. The muscles of the abdominal wall resist the varying changes of pressure within the cavity. Increased pressure may force t
Strangulated hernia
Most hernias, whatever their size, manage to pass backwards and forwards through the weakness in the abdominal wall without becoming trapped in the opening. However, the contents of the hernia pouc
High blood pressure (hypertension)
As blood is pumped by the heart, it exerts a pressure on the walls of the arteries. This pressure -blood pressure - varies within normal limits. During activity it tends to be highe
High temperature (hyper pyrexia)
Hyper pyrexia is the word used to describe too high a body temperature, i.e., one of 40 °C or higher. Such temperatures can be dangerous to the survival of the individual and require careful manage
Sore throat
A common complaint, sore throat may be local or it may be part of a serious illness. Tonsillitis (inflammation of the tonsils) and abscesses in the tissues of the tonsillar area are examples of loc
General treatment for sore throats
Take the patient's temperature, and feel for tender enlarged glands in the neck.
Patients with sore throats should not smoke.
For simple tonsillitis or sore throat, gargling with
Peritonsillar abscess (quinsy)
This is an abscess that can follow tonsillitis. It forms normally round one tonsil, and the swelling pushes the tonsil downwards into the mouth. The patient may find it so difficult and painful to
Abandonment of vessel
Lifeboat drills must be conducted to prepare for possible disaster. Both crew and passengers must be instructed in the procedures to be followed. Reasons for such instruction should be given to all
Survivor pick-up by survival craft (lifeboat or raft)
Surviving in a lifeboat or life-craft (hereafter referred to as "the survival craft") is one of the most strenuous ordeals an individual can face. It involves combat against all the eleme
Immediate medical problems aboard survival craft
Trauma
Injuries should be handled as outlined in Chapter 4. However, a prepared medical survival kit might not be available, so the rescuers will have to improvise. The following m
Other medical problems aboard survival craft
Seasickness
Seasickness (motion sickness) is an acute illness characterized by loss of appetite, nausea, dizziness, and vomiting. Preventive measures are often effective.
Medical problems of the rescued castaway on board the rescue vessel
The treatment of survivors will depend on the nature of the rescue facility and the number and medical condition of the survivors.
Personnel on the rescue vessel should rapidly sort all su
Generalized immersion hypothermia aboard the rescue vessel
At environmental temperatures of less than 20-21 °C, man's survival depends upon insulation (body fat, clothing), the ratio of body surface to volume, the basal metabolic rate, and the w
Contamination with oil
Do not clean oil off the skin (except round the mouth and eyes) until the person is warm and comfortable. Survivors who have recovered from hypothermia can taken to a warm shower or bathroom and sh
Dehydration and malnutrition
Survivors who have been adrift for several days may be suffering from dehydration. If they have been adrift for several weeks, malnutrition may also be a problem. Caution should be exercised in try
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