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Historic Changeability of Word-Structure

Historic Changeability of Word-Structure - раздел Философия, Теоретические материалы По лексикологии современного Английского языка Language Is Never Stable: It Undergoes Changes On All Its Levels: Phonetic, M...

Language is never stable: it undergoes changes on all its levels: phonetic, morphological, lexical, phraseological, etc.

As for some morphemes, in the course of time they may become fused together or may be lost altogether. As a result of this process, radical changes


in the structure of the word may take place: root-morphemes may turn into affixational or semi-affixational morphemes, polymorphic words may become monomorphic, compound words may be transformed into derived or even simple words.

E.g.: the present-day suffixes -hood, -dom, -like, -ship were in OE root-morphemes and stems of independently functioning words.

The present day English monomorphemic words «husband» and «woman» were in OE compound words, consisting of two stems:

hus-bond-a - хозяин, владелец дома

wif-man (OE) - woman (a simple word).

In the process of historical development some word-structures underwent reinterpretation: there are cases when simple root-words came to be under­stood as derived words consisting of two constituents.

E.g.: beggar, editor, cobbler - the representation of such words led to the formation of simple verbs like - «to beg», «to edit», «to cobble».

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Теоретические материалы По лексикологии современного Английского языка

V M Shirokikh L P Koudrevatykh... THE STUDY OF MODERN ENGLISH LEXICOLOGY Theoretical materials for seminars...

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Degree of Assimilation
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Prefixation
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Suffixation
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Structure of Compound Words: Their Inseparability
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Meaning of Compound Words. Motivation in Compounds
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Classification of Compounds
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Definition. Treatment of Conversion
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Graphical Shortening
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Lexical Shortening
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Historical Approaches to the Study of Word Meaning
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Lexical Meaning
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Denotational and Connotational Meaning
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Division of Vocabulary into Different Layers
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Informal Vocabulary
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Change of Meaning as a Linguistic Phenomenon
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Causes of Semantic Change
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Nature of Semantic Change: Metaphor and Metonymy
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Grammatical and Lexical Ambiguity
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Primary and Secondary Meanings
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Basic and Minor Meanings
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Classification of Synonyms
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Types of Connotations
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Superstitious Taboos
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Social Taboos
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The Definition of Antonymy
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Types of Antonymy
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Kinds of Antonyms
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The Definition of Neologism
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Kinds of Neologisms
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Archaisms
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Some Basic Features of Word-Groups
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Structure of Word-Groups
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Motivation in Word-Groups
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Criteria of Stability and Lack of Motivation
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General Classification of Phraseological Units
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Structural Classification
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Genetic (Etymological) Classification
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Proverbs
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STANDARD ENGLISH. NATIONAL VARIANTS AND LOCAL DIALECTS
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AMERICAN ENGLISH
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The Australian Commonwealth – the British dominion – was founded in 1901; before that the states were independent colonies, ruled separately by the British Government. In the 20th

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Problems in Lexicography
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H.Sweet about Dictionaries
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Procedures of Linguistic Investigation
Acquaintance with the currently used procedures of linguistic investiga­tion is of considerable importance both for language learners and for prospec­tive teachers as it gives them the possibility

Contrastive Analysis
Contrastive linguistics attempts to find out similarities and differences in languages. Detailed comparison of the structure of a native and a target lan­guage is called contrastive analy

Statistical Analysis
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Distributional Analysis
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CONCISE DICTIONARY OF LINGUISTIC TERMS
Краткий словарь-справочник лингвистических терминов Аббревиатура (abbreviation)- слово, образованное из названий на­чальных букв или из начальных звуков слов, входящих в и

CONTENTS
Introduction: the object of lexicology.......................................... Etymological survey of the English language.............................. I. Word structure and wo

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