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The Finite Verb: Aspect

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The Finite Verb: Aspect

The Finite Verb: Aspect - раздел Образование, Lecture 8. The Finite Verb: Categories The Objective Relations Between The Action And The Subject Or Object Of The A...

The objective relations between the action and the subject or object of the action find their expression in language as the grammatical category of voice. The verbal category of voice shows the direction of the process as regards the participants of the situation reflected in the syntactic construction.

The voice of the English verb is expressed by the opposition of the passive form of the verb to the active form of the verb. The sign marking the passive form (the strong member of the opposition): the auxiliary be (get, become sometimes) + the past participle of the conjugated verb (be ... en).

The passive form expresses reception of the action by the subject of the syntactic construction (the passive subject, denoting the object of the action).

The active form leaves this meaning unspecified (expresses non-passivity).

Not all the verbs taking an object are used in the passive (the passive form is alien to many verbs of the statal subclass: have, belong, cost, resemble, fail, misgive, etc).

Thus according to their relation to the passive voice, all the verbs can be divided into two large sets:

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Lecture 8. The Finite Verb: Categories

The Finite Verb Categories... The Finite Verb Tense The essential... The Finite Verb Aspect...

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The Finite Verb: Tense
The expression of grammatical time/tense (Lat. tempus) constitutes the basis of the verbal category of finitude (the division of all the forms of the verb into finite and non-finite). The category

The category of primary time.
The formal sign of the opposition constituting this category is, with regular verbs, the dental suffix -(e)d [-d, -t, -id], and with irregular verbs, phonemicinterchanges

The perfect forms.
Within the continuous verbal forms the categorial meaning reveals the nature of development of the verbal action (the category of development). The marked

Of non-passivised verbs.
The passive voice is combined with other oppositionally strong forms of the verbal categories of the tense-aspect system (the past, the future, the continuous, the perfect). It has a neutralising e