Theoretical approaches to language data interpretation

Type of relations (drawing 1.1)	Essence	Approach
A language sign – other language signs (1 – 2)	Relations among language signs	Combinations of syntagmatic elements	Distributive Grammar	Structural or Formal Grammar
Alterations of grammatical forms	Transformative Grammar
A language sign – a notion (2 – 4)	Connections between grammatical categories and categories of thinking	Logical Grammar	Semantic Grammar
The speaking – a language sign (5 – 2)	Influence of psychology on the use of grammatical forms	Psychological Grammar
Language signs – references (2 – 3)	Relations of language signs and non-language objects that are marked with language categories and grammatical forms	Grammar of Situation

 

Thus, there are two general approaches – pure linguistic and semantic. To the former Structural or Formal Grammar is referred, and to the latter – Logical Grammar, Psychological Grammar and Grammar of Situation (drawing 1.2).

 

It tends to comprehend and explain all phenomena of language by inner relations among signs: relations among syntagmatic elements (Distributive Grammar), connections of different forms of language signs (Transforming Grammar) without addressing to neither thinking nor objective reality or psychology of the speaking.

These types tend to comprehend and explain language data by their relations with non-language phenomena (thinking (Logical Grammar), peculiarities of individual and group psychology (Psychological Grammar), peculiarities of grammatical forms choosing for objects and natural phenomena naming (Situated Grammar)

Drawing 1.2. Two general types of Theoretical Grammar

 

Inside of each approach there are static (gives a way to make language facts be brought to light and classified) and dynamic methods (searches how one language facts transfer into other and one grammar forms appear from others) of language data study.