Use of present perfect to express past events with relevancefor present situation; optionally, use of modal phrases should have, need not have; reading and free discussion.
Materials: Individual copies of the curricula vitae of four candidates for a job, showing their past experience - things they have done (examples in The Box).
Procedure: The students read the texts, where the people who are candidates for a specific job described- teacher in this school, for example. Some more suggestions at the bottom of The Box. Students then discuss who they would choose for the job on the basis of relevant past experience and their own judgement; this can he done either in full class or in small groups.
Variations: Divide the class into small groups, and ask each one to draw up what kinds of experience they think the successful candidate must/should have had, or need not have had. They then judge the candidates on the basis of their recommendations.
In another variation, only one group does the above; each of the others prepares a curriculum vitae for 'their' candidate, stating past experience, in a form similar to that shown in the Box. The group which has drawn up the recommendations then hears the qualifications of the different candidates and chooses one. This may be done through role-play; one representative from each group is the 'candidate', and is interviewed by the selection committee.