If, when + Past Participle

16. Translate the following sentences.

1. When asked she answered at once. 2. The magnetic characteristics of a material can change when alloyed with other elements. 3. If invited, we will go there. 4. In 1600 William Gilbert discovered that such things as glass, diamonds, and wax, when rubbed with a cloth, attracted light objects. 5. A permanent magnet will position itself in a north and south direction when freely suspended. 6. If given the book, read the article about electricity. 7. A permanent magnet is a material that, when inserted into a strong magnetic field, will not only begin to exhibit a magnetic field of its own, but also continue to exhibit a magnetic field once it has been removed from the original field.

17. Translate these sentences paying special attention to the verbal predicate.

1. The unit of power is the watt. 2. Hydrogen and helium atoms have one and two electrons. 3. Current is defined as the flow of electrical charge from one point to another. 4. A fuse is used to prevent overloading of electrical circuits. 5. In solids the current is carried by electrons. 6. James Clerk Maxwell wrote his first scientific work when he was fifteen years old. 7. Newton’s great book “Principia” was published in 1687. 8. An electric current is flowing through the conductor. 9. Any charge that is moving at some angle to the magnetic field is subject to a force. 10. Some specialists believe that oil will soon run out, perhaps even in the next 50 years. This means we will be using other sources of energy in the future. 11. The laboratory is being equipped with new instruments. 12. Electricity has been a subject of scientific interest since the 17th century. 13. If you have seen lightning or combed out your hair or rubbed a balloon on your head, you have experienced the effects of electrostatic charges. 14. The locations of the Earth’s magnetic poles have changed many times during the history of the Earth.

18. Complete the text with the correct form of the verb given in brackets.

Isaac Newton

Isaac Newton (1) ____ (be) born in 1642 in England. His father (2) ____ (die) two months before his birth. When Isaac was three his mother remarried, and Isaac (3) ____ (remain) with his grandmother. He was not interested in the family farm, so he
(4) ____ (send) to Cambridge University to study.

Isaac was born just a short time after the death of Galileo, one of the greatest scientists of all time. Galileo (5) ____ (prove) that the planets revolve around the sun, not the earth as people thought at the time. Isaac Newton was very interested in the discoveries of Galileo and others. Isaac (6) ____ (think) the universe worked like a machine and that a few simple laws governed it. Like Galileo, he (7) ____ (realize) that mathematics was the way to explain and prove those laws. Isaac Newton was one of the world’s great scientists because he (8) ____ (take) his ideas, and the ideas of earlier scientists, and combined them into a unified picture of how the universe (9) ____ (work).

19. Use the correct form of the adjective in brackets. Translate the sentences.

1. I have ____ (little) time than he. 2. This is the ___ (short) way to the power station. 3. Yesterday I obtained ____ (far) information concerning this matter. 4. She was waiting for me in the ____ (far) corner of the park. 5. Silver is one of the ____ (good) conductors. 6. The ____ (bad) is over. 7. The ____ (small) the impedance (повний електричний опір), the ____ (great) the current for a given voltage. 8. The box must be as ____ (light) as possible. 9. The grass was twice as ____ (tall) as in the rest of the field. 10. Water is 800 times as ____ (dense) as air. 11. This device is twice as ____ (expensive). 12. The ____ (much) energy a substance has, the ____ (much) molecular movement there will be, and the ____ (high) the perceived temperature will be.