Regional variation of pronunciation in the south-west of England

МОСКОВСКИЙ ГОРОДСКОЙ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ Факультет иностранных языков Английское отделение Дипломная работа по фонетике английского языка на тему REGIIATION IN THE SOUTH-WEST OF ENGLAND Москва 2001 Introduction .3Part I. The Specific Features of dialects 1. What is the dialect ? 2. Geographic dialects 3. Dialectal change and diffusion 4. Unifying influences on dialects 5. Focal, relic, and transitional areas 6. Received Pronunciation .9 7. Who first called it PR? .8. Social Variation 9. Dialects of England Traditional and Modern 12 Part II. Background to the Cornish Language 1. Who are the Cornish? 2. What is a Celtic Language? .15 3. How is Cornish Related to other Celtic Languages? 15 4. The Decline of Cornish 15 5. The Rebirth of Cornish 6. Standard Cornish 16 7. Who uses Cornish Today? 8. Government Recognition for Cornish 16 Part III. Peculiarities of South-Western Dialects1. Vocalisation .182. Consonantism 3. Grammar 3.1 Nouns .3.2 Gender 2.1 Gender making in Wessex-type English .3.3 Numerals 3.4 Adjectives 29 .5 Pronouns .5.1 Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns in a Devonshire dialect 3.6 Verbs 3.7 Adverbs 42 3.8 Transitivity and intransivity in the dialects of South-West England 4. Vocabulary 52 Conclusions 68Bibliography 69 Supplements 71 Introduction. The modern English language is an international language nowadays.

It is also the first spoken language of such countries as Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa.

But in the very United Kingdom there are some varieties of it, called dialects, and accents.

The purpose of the present research paper is to study the characteristic features of the present day dialect of the South-Western region in particular.

To achieve this purpose it is necessary to find answers to the following questions - What is the dialect Why and where is it spoken How does it differ from the standard language? Methods of this research paper included the analysis of works of the famous linguists and phoneticians as Peter Trudgill and J.K. Chambers, Paddock and Harris, J.A. Leuvensteijn and J.B. Berns, M.M. Makovsky and D.A. Shakhbagova, and also the needed information from Britannica and the encyclopedia by David Crystal and the speech of the native population of Devonshire and Wiltshire.

Structurally the paper consists of three parts focused on the information about the dialect in general and the ways it differs from the standard language its phonetic, grammar and other linguistic differences, and the specific features of the South-West of England.

The status of the English language in the XXth century has undergone certain changes. Modern English has become a domineering international language of nowadays.

Part I. The Specific Features of dialects

This very word comes from the Ancient Greek dialectos discourse, langu... Normally, dialects of the same language are considered to be mutually ... Intelligibility between dialects is, however, almost never absolutely ... Geographic dialects. The most widespread type of dialectal differentiation is geographic.

Dialectal change and diffusion

Dialectal change and diffusion. 9, p.417 The fact that speech, in particular, can give such a clear an... . 4. The decline of certain northern industries - coal mining shipbuilding,...

Unifying influences on dialects

In such areas the prestige dialect of the city has obviously expanded. Most educated people have developed an accent which is a mixture of RP... Who first called it RP? The British phonetician Daniel Jones was the f... It is based on my own Southern speech, and is, as far as I can ascerta... This term is adopted here for want of a better.

Social Variation

Many people speak with an accent, which shows the influence of their p... Any of these identities can have consequences for the kind of language... Age, sex, and socio-economic class have been repeatedly shown to be of... I think the best example to show it is the famous play Pygmalion by Be... 9.

Dialects of England Traditional and Modern

Many of the writers on spelling and grammar in the 16th and 17th centu... One of the most serious attempts at such classification was made by A. His classification more or less exactly reflects the dialectal map of ... Part II. The southwestern areas of England include Devonshire, Somersetshire, C...

The Decline of Cornish

The Decline of Cornish. Cornish developed pretty much naturally into a modern European language until the 17th century, after which it came under pressure by the encroachment of English.

Factors involved in its decline included the introduction of the English prayer book, the rapid introduction of English as a language of commerce and most particularly the negative stigma associated with what was considered by Cornish people themselves as the language of the poor. 5.

The Rebirth of Cornish

Cornish died out as a native language in the late 19th century, with t... By this time however, Cornish was being revived by Henry Jenner, plant... Standard Cornish Unified is again being developed through UCR Unified ... 7. Who uses Cornish Today? Today Cornish typically appeals to all age gro...

Government Recognition for Cornish

Lack of Cornish language facilities and support is no longer just a la... Despite the growing support of councillors in Cornwall, some key indiv... e.g. of the Cornish language Pyw yw an Gernowyon? Pobel Geltek yw an bobel ... Yn osow hendasek, an wtas Gorfewenna yn Wtas Dumnonii, neb a dregas yn...

Part III. Peculiarities of South-Western Dialects

Part III. Peculiarities of South-Western Dialects . 1.

Vocalisation

Devonshire Somersetshire Wiltshire a after w is realized as a wasp wa ... Vocalisation. .

Consonantism

bottles botln South-W. primroses prэmr zn Dev but sometimes s is heard in the words ended wit... oxen ksnz Western Som. chicken - chickens t?эk Som. 3.2 Gender. The full characteristic of Gender in South- Western Englis...

Gender making in Wessex-type English

However, throughout the recorded history of English this three-way gen... 18, p.31-32 - Nowadays in the south-western dialects the pronouns he s... 3.3 Numerals. In south-western dialects the compound numerals 21-99 ar... When the lad there wasnt scarce the height of that stool, and a less s... we selves Somerseshire, Devonshire - The standard demonstrative pronou...

Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns in a Devonshire dialect

With the first compounds, the form рi z ji r outnumbers рis ji r in th... or again That finished that job. There is they that take an interest in it. We should note finally, however, that this analysis of the material do... We wem we are Somersetshire you, they - After the words if, when, unti...

Transitivity and intransivity in the dialects of South-West England

The only survival of medieval usage is the impossibility of a verb for... The nominal nature of V-ing is still well established in the verbal no... The child was little and old хитрый, изворотливый Hes too old for you. Trudgill P Chambers J.K. Southampton, on the other hand, is a civilian port for continental fer...