TS READER

TS READER. Press is often called amirror of current events.

The information we get from newspapers and magazins helps us to know the life at home and in other countrys. The newspapers aim is to inform the readers as fully as possible of the events taking place in Russia an afroad. They try to cover domestic and foreighn policy and the public opinion on all topicall usenes. 2. My family receives I think is most interesting i prefer It because It s a daly weekly, monthly newspaper magazin . 3. If you are a regular reader of the press, you can got a lot of Information.

RADIO AND TELEVISION. Of all the discoveries ever made by man, radio or wireless, is one of the most wonderfull. By means of wireless, you can speak to a man on the other side of the world. Seated confortably in your own home, you can hear music or talks, broadcast thousand of miles away from your- talks on national and international affairs, on science, history and other educational subject. I listen to the wireless almost every evening, mine is are eght-valve set an arial which gives splended results.

I t has medium, long and short wave-lenghts and it quit simple to manipulate. All I have to do it s to tune into the station I require. I use my set a good deal for keeping up my forhn lanuges. Начало документа RUSSIA. Russia occupy a large territory. It strech almost 10 000 ten thousend kilometres from east to west and nearly 5 000 five thousend kilometres from north to south. It s population is 150 000 000 one handred and fifty million people. From spring till autmn the sun never sets over Russia in Kaliningrad peole see it sitting in the Baltic, while in Kamchatka it rises out of the Pasific Ocean at the some time. People in our country see the New Year in eleven times in one night.

If you begin to trevell in the Far East by air and fly 8 000 eight thousend kilometres towards the west, you will land in Moscow on thr same hour same day that you left the Far East. It is a wonderful sight yo see our country from the plane. One can hardly imagine a country more interesting to trevellers whan Russia.

Siberia covers millions of square kilometres. You fly over mountain, endless forests, large and small rivers, railways, motorways. You leave behind the lights of young and small towns, plants and factories. Siberia is a rigeon of untold riches. Father West are the Ural Mountains the border between Asia and europe. The Urals are riche in different minerals. The country s European part covers the territory from Urals to the Baltic Sea. The largest cities of the Russia are situated between theBlack Sea in the south and the Black Sea in the north.

Such an our country from East to West. There is no over countrys in which the climet differs so much from one part to another. When it is still winter in the northen regions of our country the first warm days arrive in the south. In the central regions show storms and cold are still in power, while in the south people begin to think of spring crops. In the same season nature looks different in different parts of our country.

Russia is rich in oil, coul, iron, gold, silver and other minerals. THE NATIONAL THEATRE It took over the hundred years to establish a national theatre company. It s first director from 1962 was Lawrence Olivier. This is the first state theatre Britain has ever had. A special building for it was opened in 1976. It has three theatres in one The Oliver theatre, the biggest is for the main classical repertoire The Lyttilton, a bit smaller is for new writing and for visiting foreigh countries and The Cottesloe theatre, the smallest is used for experimental writing and productions.

The Royal Shakespeare company are devided between the country and the capital and it s produces plays mainly by Shakespeare and his contempraries when it performs is Stratford -on-Avon, and modern plays in it s two auditoria in the Cities, Barbican centre. Начало документа Moscow theatres For decades Moscow has had a reputation as a city of theatres.

The birth plays of the historic Bolshoy , Maly and Moscow Art theatres the city has been and steel is a centre for the development exploretary modern ideas in the dramatic art and is famous for it s great number of highlygifted, interesting directors, actors, playwrigts and artists. Every evening the doors of Moscow theatres open to streams of theatre-gowers. The best Moscow theatres devoded themselves to developing the principals of directing and acting laid down by Stanislavsky, Meerhold, Nemerovich-Danchenko, Vachtangov and others.

The discoveries and successes of Moscow theatres today exists due to experience and triumphs of preceding generations. I d like to tell you about the Bolshoy Theatre. The magestic building of the Bolshoy Theatre stands in Theatre Square in Moscow s central quater, not far from Kremlin. This is the leading Russian opera house with the best vocalists and choreographers in it s company. The Bolshoi traces it s history to 1776 when a standing opera company was organized in Moscow.

The first opera shown in Bolshoi theatre was opera life of tsar now Ivan Susanin. At later times operas by Dargomyzhsky, Serov, Tcaikovsky, Borodin, Moussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov and Rubinstein were produced here. At the same time the Bolshoi company staged the best operas and ballets by West European composers-Mozart, Rossini, Weber, Verdi and others. The bolshoi ballet company enjoys well-deserved fame as the world s finest.

This is equally true of it s brilliant realistic style of perfomance and repertoire. My favorite painter One of my favorite artists is Rembrant is the greatest Dutch master, one of the supreme geneuses in the history of art. To this day the art of Rembrant remains one of the most profound witness of the progress of the soul in it s earthly pilgrimage towards the realisation of higher destiny. The son of the prosperous miller, Rembrant was born in Leiden in 1608. He studied at Leiden University, but his real vocation was painting.

His rapid sugsess promoted him to move to the Amsterdam in 1631. In 1632 Rembrant bought a splendid house, started a collection of paintings and rarities. The universal artist dealt with many world subjects. Rembrant created a number of portraits and some group portraits which were traditional to the Dutch art. The best of them are Anatomy lesson of Dr. Tulp and The night watch. In 1655 Rembrant found himself in the midst of several financial troubles.

At that period he painted The Polish Rider, which is an allegory of the man s earthly journey. Probably in 1669, the year of his own death, Rembrant painted his famous Return of the Prological son, which stands at the ultimate peak of Cristian spirituality, illuminating the relationship of the self to the eternity. The biblical theme was very important to Rembrant. He painted Artakserks, Oman and Eshpir , The Saint Family. Rembrant was not understood when he was alive.

He died in poverty. But it is the spirituality of his art that distinguishes Rembrant from his Dutch contemporaries making him the greatest artist of the world. Начало документа Theatres, music halls and cinemas Theatres are very much the same in London as anywhere else the chief theatres, music halls and cinemas are in the West End. If you are staying in London for a few days, you ll have no difficulty whatever in finding somewhere to spend an enjoyable evening. You ll find opera, balley, comedy, drama, revue, musical comedy and variety.

Films are shown in the cinemas during the greatest part of the day. The best seats at theatres are those in the stalls, the circle and the upper circle. Then comes the pit, and the last of all the gallery where the seats are cheapest. Boxes, of course, are the most expensive. Most theatres and music halls have good orchestras with popular conductors. You ought to make a point of going to the opera at least once during the season if you can. There you can get the best of everything - an exellent orchestras, famous conductors, celebated singers and well dressed audience.

But, of course, if you are not fond of music and singing, won t interest you. At the West End theatres you can see most of the famous English actors and actresses. As a rule, the plays are magnificently staged - costumes, dresses, scenery, everything being done of the most lavish scale. Choose a good play, and you ll enjoy yourself thoroughly from the moment the curtain goes up to the end of the last act. Get your seats beforehand, either at the box-office of theatre itself or at one of the agencies.

When you go to a theatre, you ll probably want to seat as near to the stage as possible. But if you are at the cinema, you may prefer to seat some distance from the screen. In fact, I would say, the further away the better. Music in our life Music - it art, reflecting validity in sound art images, one of the forms of public ideology. Having by powerful force direct emotional effect, music during of all history of man-kind plays a huge social, cultural and educational role. Leading composers are connected to progressive public movements, life, interests and aspirations people. Each nations differs by peculiar national features.

Folk music, being improved by creative efforts of many generations of the people, reaches a high degree of art maturity. On the basis of riches of national music professional musical creativity of composers is developed.

Rejection of music from advanced ideas epoch of national culture, national roots of art leads to it s to decline and degeneration. Idea emotional contents of music is passed through sound art images, implemented in musical sounds. The basis of music is the tune. According to the way of performance music is devided into 2 main branches instrumental and vocal. There are a great number of different styles of music, such as Jazz, Pop, Rock, Classic and new musical directions.

One of the new music directions is Rave. I prefer to listen hard-core and more quiet music such as Roxette and others. Now days the number of music styles is growing, and every young people, which are fond of music can easily choose that style which appeals to them. Learning languagesНачало документа The problem of learning languages is very important today. Foreign languages are socially demanded especially at the present time when the progress in science and technology has led to an explosion of knowledge and has contributed to an overflow of information. The total knowledge of mankind is known to double every seven years.

Foreign languages are needed as the main and most efficient means of information exchange of the people of our planet. Today English is the language of the world. Over 350 million people speak it as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages in the Irish Republic, Canada, the South African Republic.

As a second language it is used in the former British and US colonies. It is the major international language for communication in such areas as science, technology, business and mass entertainment. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other political organization. It is the language of the literature, education, modern music, international tourism. Russia is integrating into the world community and the problem of learning English for the purpose of communication is espicially urgent today.

Learning a foreing language is not as easy thing. It is a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and patience. But to know English is absolutely necessary for every educated person, for every good specialist. It is well known that reading books in the original, listening to the BBC news, communicating with the English speaking people will help a lot. When learning a foreign language you learn the culture and history of the native speakers. One must work hard to learn any foreign language.

LONDON, Jack 1876-1916 . The novelist and short-story writer Jack London was, in his lifetime, one of the most popular authors in the world. After World War I his fame was eclipsed in the United States by a new generation of writers, but he remained popular in many other countries, especially in the Soviet Union, for his romantic tales of adventure mixed with elemental struggles for survival.

John Griffith London was born in San Francisco on Jan. 12, 1876. His family was poor, and he was forced to go to work early in life to support himself. At 17 he sailed to Japan and Siberia on a seal-hunting voyage. He was largely self-taught, reading voluminously in libraries and spending a year at the University of California. In the late 1890s he joined the gold rush to the Klondike. This experience gave him material for his first book, The Son of Wolf, published in 1900, and for Call of the Wild 1903 , one of his most popular stories.

In his writing career of 17 years, London produced 50 books and many short stories. He wrote mostly for money, to meet ever-increasing expenses. His fame as a writer gave him a ready audience as a spokesman for a peculiar and inconsistent blend of socialism and racial superiority. London s works, all hastily written, are of uneven quality. The best books are the Klondike tales, which also include White Fang 1906 and Burning Daylight 1910 . His most enduring novel is probably the autobiographical Martin Eden 1909 , but the exciting Sea Wolf 1904 continues to have great appeal for young readers. In 1910 London settled near Glen Ellen, Calif where he intended to Начало документа build his dream home, Wolf House. After the house burned down before completion in 1913, he was a broken and sick man. His death on Nov. 22, 1916, from an overdose of drugs, was probably a suicide.

SPORTS IN The GREAT BRITAN. The English are great lovers of sport and they are neither playing nor waching games, they like to talk about them. However, there is important thing about sport in Britain which we must know. Today, an big sports is professional and famous players can make a lot of money.

Lat s take Football for example. It is the most popular team game in Britain. It is played in most of the schools, and there are thousands of amatur teams for young man in all parts of the country.

But for most of the public, football is a professionals games which is watched on saturday afternoons at the stadiym. Professional football is big business. Every larg town has one or more professional clubs. Ragby football is played with an oval ball which may be carried. The players in the other team try to stop the man running with the ball by frowin him to the ground. There are fifteen players in each team. Sports competition get big crowds in Great Britan. All people in Great britan are fond of sport and Englishman know is they train hard Sport will make them srong and helthy.

Customs and traditions of english speaking countries. Every country and every nation has it s own traditions and customs. It s very important to know traditions and customs of different people. It will help you to know more about the history and life of different nations and countries. One cannot speak about England without speaking about it s traditions and customs. They are very important in the life of English people. Englishman are proud of their traditions and carefully keep them up. There are six public holidays a year in G.B Cristmas day is one of their favorite holidays.

It s celebrated on the 25-th of december. There are some traditions connected with it. One of them is to give presents to each other. It is not only children and members of family. It s a tradition to give cristmas presents to the people you work with. Another tradition is to send cristmas cards. All these cards are brightly and coloured. Most of big cities of G.B especially London, are decorated with coloured lights and cristmas trees. On Trafalgar Square, in the center of London stands a big cristmas tree. It is a gift from the people of Oslo. It is over 50 feet high. Many families celebrate cristmas day in the open air near the cristmas tree in order to catch the spirit of cristmas. Children find cristmas presents in their stockings. The traditional english dinner on cristmas is turkey and pudding.

Other great holidays are FatherТs day,MotherТs day,Helloween and other.

Mass media. Mass media that is the press, the radio and television play an important role in the life of society. They inform, educate and entertain people. They also influence the way people look at the world and make them change their views. Mass media mould public opinion. Millions of people in their spare time watch TV and read newspapers. Everybody can find there something interesting for him. On the radio Начало документа One can hear music, plays, news and various discussions or commentaries of current events.

Lot s radio or TV games and films attract a large audience. Newspapers uses in different ways, but basically they are read. There is a lot of advertisment on mass media. Different corporations own some of the TV and radio stations, and newspapers. The owners can advertise whatever they choose. But it is hardly fair to say that mass media do not try to raise cultural level of the people or to develop their artistic taste.

Mass media brings to millions of homes not only entertaiment and news but also cultural and educational programs. There are more then six TV channels and lot s of radio stations and newspapers now in the Russian Federation. Education in Russia An educated person is one who knows a lot about many things. I think it is very important that everyone should be educated. Each pupil ought todo his best to become a useful member of our society.

Education is very important in our life. Going on educational excursions gives us opportunities to acquire some scientific knowledge. In the Russian Federation the school education is compulsary. Pupils begin to go to school at the age of six. When they complete high grades they can either continue to study at school for more 2 years, or go to a professional school where they study not only main subjects, but are able to learn some profession. When school pupils leave school they can try to continue their educaton in institutes or universities.

There are many school types of schools in Russia specialized, politecnical, musical art and others. Nowdays appeared some new types of schools gimnasiums and colledges. The educational system of Great Britain. The educational system of G.B. is extreamely complex and bewildering. It is very difficult to generalise about particular types of schools as schools differ from one to the other. The departament of education and science is responsible for national educational policy, but it doesn t employe teacher or prescribe corricular or text books.

Each school has it s own board of governers consisting of teachers, parents, local politicians, members of local community, businessmen and sometimes pupils. According to the law only one subject is compulsary. Such as religious instruction. Schooling for children is compulsary from 5 to 16, though some provision is made for children under 5 and some pupils remain at school after 16 to prepare for higher education.

The state school system is usually devided into 2 stages secondary and primary. The majority of primary schools are mixed. They are subdevided into infant schools ages 5 to 7 ,and junior schools ages 7 to11 . In junior schools pupils were often placed in A,B,C or D-streams, according to their abilities. Under the pressue of progressive parents and teachers the 11 examination has now been abolished in most parts of the country. There are some types of schools in G.B.Grammar schools provided an academical cause for selected pupils from the age of 11 to 18. Only those children who have the best results are admitted to these schools.

They give pupils a high level of academic education wich can lead to the university. Technical Schools offer a general education with a technical bias and serve those pupils who are more mecanically minded. The corricular includes more science and mathematics. Secondary modern schools were formed to provide a non-academic education for children of lesser attainment.

The corricular includes more practical subjects. The comprehensive schools brings about a general improvement in the system of secondary education. Начало документа Leisure time. Everybody sometimes has a free time. Somebody prefer s only to sleep in their liesure time, but the largest part of us prefer to do a great amount of things which are pleasant and interesting for us. It may be reading, a various types of sport game, watching TV, listening music and others.

If we have a few day or a week we prefer to go to the attractive places. Many peoples thing that pupils and studients have too much liesure, but in my opinion, they are wrong. We are very busy. Many pupils have six or se-ven lessons a day and go to school live or six day a week. Even during the holiday we learn our lessons after school. And we just no time to go some-there. Oldest of us are working after school or institutes. I am not spend my time at school and ofter I have a free time. The large part of my free time devote to reading. I like to read books about another coun-tries, another times and another worlds.

Also I read books about history of our country. Besides reading I like to do physical exercises. I and my school friends often gather after school and play basketball, fooftball or other active games. But my favorite hobby is travelling. Usually I travel in summer and ofter it is a trip to the south, to the warm sea. thing all peoples must have other occupation besides their basic work, because it extand the bounduries of the familar world and teach us something new about people and thing.

Customs and traditions of English speaking countries. Every country and every nation has it s own traditions and customs. It s very important to know traditions and customs of different people.it will help you toknow more about the history and life of different nations and countries. One cannot speak about england without speaking about it s traditions and customs. They are very important in the life of english people. Englishman are proud of their traditions and carefully keep them up. There are six public holidays a year in G.B.Cristmas day is one of their favorite holidays.

It s celebrated on the 25-th of december. There are some traditions connected with it. One of them is to give presents to each other. It is not only choldren and members of family. It s a tradition to give cristmas presents to the people you work with. Another tradition is to send cristmas cards. All these cards are brightly and coloured. Most of big cities of G.B especially London, are decorated with coloured lights and cristmas trees. On Trafalgar Square, in the center of London stands a big cristmas tree. It is a gift from the people of Oslo. It is over 50 feet high. Many families celebrate cristmas day in the open air near the cristmas tree in order to catch the spirit of cristmas. Children find cristmas presents in their stockings. The traditional english dinner on cristmas is turkey and pudding. Other great holidays are Father s day,Mother s day,Helloween and other.

Culture 1. Renaissance. 2. William Shakespeare. 3. Shakespeare s works and Hamlet s