Знаменитости (english)

Famous peopleAlbertEinstein.AlbertEinstein is known all over the world as a brilliant physicist and the founderof the theory of relativity. He is perhaps the greatest scientist of the 20thcentury. Some of his ides made possible the A-bombs, as well as TV and otherinventions. He was born in 1879 in a small German town. The Einstein familysoon moved to Munich, where Albert went to school. Neither his parents, nor hisschool teachers thought much of his mental abilities.In 1895 Albert failed theentrance examination to a technical college in Zurich. A year ago, however, hemanaged to pass the exam and entered the college.

After graduating fromcollege, Einstein started to work at the Swiss Patent Office in Bern. In 1905he wrote a short article in a science magazine. This was his SpecialTheory of Relativity , the basis of Atomic energy.Later he became aprofessor in several European universities and in 1914 moved to Berlin as amember of the Prussian Academy of Sciences.

After ten years of work, he createdhis General Theory of Relativity . In 1921 Einstein received theNobel Prize for Physics. A Jew, and a pacifist, he was attacked by Nazis, andwhen Hitler came to power in 1933 he decided to settle in the USA. After thewar he spoke out passionately against nuclear weapons and repression. Einsteindied in 1955. The artificial element einsteinium has been named in his honour. WilliamHogarth.WilliamHogarth was one of the greatest of English artists and a man of remarkablyindividual character and thought.

He observed life with keen and critical eyeand his range of observation was dramatic composition.Hogarth was a socialpainter who produced his own pictorial drama composition comprising variousscenes of society s social life. His art was a reflection and interpretation onthe social condition of his time. Hogarth s magnificent powers of compositionwere fully displayed in his series of engravings, the most famous is TheMarriage a-la-Mode . Hogarth was also a brilliant portrait painter.

Inportraiture he displayed a great variety. The portrait of his own face gives anidea of that keen and brave look with which William Hogarth regarded the world.Levitan.Levitanwas one of the first painters of Russian scenery to reveal its beauty. He is areal poet of the Russian countryside. Levitan is a very special sort ofpainter. There is something is his landscapes that reflects our moods.Hedeeply felt what he wanted to depict.

A master of landscape, he neverintroduced figures into it. Thought if you look at The autumn in Sokolniky you will notice the figure in the center. Everything seems to underline theloneliness of this figure the trees loosing their leaves, the remoteindifferent sky, the path going off into the distance. But the fact is that itwas not Levitan who painted this figure.It was Chekhov s brother Nikolay whodid it. Levitan s influence over lyrical landscape painters can t be overestimated.

His paintings have won the love and gratitude of people.JohnConstable.JohnConstable, the greatest of English landscape painters, came from the Suffolk,and it was from the Suffolk landscape that he drew his inspiration. Constable saffection for nature was great and his mastery to show the much loved Englishscene reached its marvelous peak. He always attempted to depict the transienteffects of nature light, clouds and rain. Constable was an acute observer ofnature and had a romantic passion for light.

Constable s method of painting wasnearest to Impressionism. His treatment of skies is especially notable. No one haspainted cloud effects so truthfully and with so much skill.StanleySpencer.StanleySpencer is one of the most original of modern British artists. He was a painterof imaginative and religious subjects, landscapes and occasional portraits. Swan Upping is one of Spencer s best known pictures.This paintinghas an air of hightened reality the light reflected from the water suggestsmoonlight, yet events take place in the foreground in daylight. There isanxiety in the immobilized swans and the face of the woman on the bridge, amood enhanced by the serrated edges of the clouds and the flame-like branchesof the tree on the right.

An ordinary scene made to appeal extraordinary.Spencer s works are well represented in the Tate Gallery collection and the exhibitionreveals the full range of his output, from early drawings done while still astudent to his late self-portrait, painted a few months before his death in1959.MargaretThatcher. MargaretThatcher was the longest Prime Minister of the 20th century.

Herstyle and her views appealed to mane British people who had lost confidence inthe welfare state and in the direction the nation had taken. In some ways shewas the first genuine leader the nation had had since Churchill.MargaretThatcher began her career in politics, when she became a Conservative Member ofParliament. in 1979 she was elected as Britain s first woman Prime Minister.From the start, her autocratic style earned her the nickname of The IronLady . Her abrasive manner has attracted some criticism.

During theFalklands War of 1982, however, Margaret Thatcher s militant patriotism foundher many supporters, and she became something of a popular hero-figure, much asWinston Churchill had been in the Second World War. Margaret Thatcher was re-electedPrime Minister in the general elections of 1983 and 1987.AndrewWyet.AndrewWyet is one of the prominent living American painters.

He was born in 1917. Theson of illustrator Andrew is the leading member of the dynasty of paintersthat includes his sisters, their husbands and his own two sons. He won fame atthe age of 12 for his illustrations of Robin Hood . He was 20 whenhe first exhibited his paintings. Andrew studied with his father and wasstrongly influenced by him. His father s style of illustration expressessentimentality.But very early the young artist gravitated a way from histeacher.

Wyet s style is both precise and minute in detail, he is a realistinfluenced by photography. He painted portraits, landscapes, seascapes anddomestic scenery. His favorite media are tempera and water colors. His worksare easily recognized by dimly lit and deserted landscapes in tones of grey andbrown which convey the feeling of loveliness and solitude.His most famousworks are Christina s world and Inland shell . WilliamShakespeare.

When to speak about world literature,then the name of William Shakespeare is the best to explain the real value ofliterature in the world of art. William Shakespeare is generally regarded asthe greatest poet and dramatist of English literature. He wrote 37 plays whichcontinue to be read widely and produced frequently throughout the world.Shakespeare was a master at creating a certain atmosphere of a play, itsgeneral mood or feeling.It could be melancholy, lively or frightening, tragicor mystical. The power and beauty of his language helped build the prevailingmood in each play. Shakespeare s genius lays in his power of understandinghuman nature which is the same today, tomorrow and forever.

He showed the worldof men in its complexity and variety. His plays have the same powerful impactan audience today as they did when they were first staged.There is no writerwho has touched the depth and height of characters as Shakespeare did. There isa great joy in moving through a Shakespeare s play, living through the emotionsof the characters, while reading a play or watching it. One experiences in oneown being the troubles, tragedies, absurdities of the creatures created by thatGreat Imaginer.

Frank O Connor. One of my favoriteauthors is Frank O Connor Frank O Connor is a pseudonym of Michael Odonovan,born in Cork, Ireland in 1903. He grew up in an Irish provincial town. Hispublished works include poems, plays, novels, translations, criticism.FrankO Connor was a real master of the short story.

He could draw his readers intoIrish life, showing his sense of humour and his compassion for human beings intheir loneliness and their confusion. As you know a story s success depends onhow heroes are presented in the story. They can be presented through thecharacter s actions or their speech through a physical description and throughthe opinions of other characters.In the Frank O Connor s book TheIdealist the heroes are presented through actions and conversations.

Ithink that each character must have a special quality that makes you rememberhim for a long time. The main hero Delany was truthful, frank, decisive. Gorman, his classmate was mean, dishonest and unpleasant. By the way ofcontrast the author managed to underline the romantic nature of Delany, whocreated his own world of things, people and ideas. What impressed me most ofall in Melonie, the teacher, it was his cruelty. He punished pupils with acane.It goes without sign that the theme of the story is the relationshipsbetween pupils and a teacher.

I think they were awful. Though Delany createdhis own world thanks to books, the real world turned out to differ from the imaginaryone. I shall now elaborate the fourth point of my talk. I sympathize admire,hate, spoilt my impressions of the book with the main hero because he didn tgive up reading, he continued reading books.