NE Spelling

based on conventional principle was preserved;

new digraphs appeared (indicated borrowings from other languages) – ph, ps, ch;

spelling became fixed.

There reasons for such stabilisation were as follows:

Introduction of Printing (1475) (see Lecture 9) à one obligatory standard!

Normalisation of the language (17^th – 18^th c.) (see Lecture 9)à one obligatory standard!