DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEMS OF TECHNOLOGIES.

  1. A concept of technologies and their classification
  2. A role of technologies in a socio-economic development of a mankind
  3. The relative level of technologies
  4. Systems of technologies. A hierarchy of technologies in the system
  5. A life cycle of technologies and technological systems

1. Technology is the aggregate of methods of processing (treatment) of different mate­rial and non-material substances.

The modern interpretation of the «technology» concept must also include the special role of human factor; informative, communication, ecological aspects. The technology must be di­rected on a harmonization of relations production-man-environment.

Distinctive features (signs) of technology classification are presented in a table ¹1.

 

Table 1 – Distinctive (classification) signs of technologies

Distinctive signs Types of technologies
Belonging to industry of national economy Machine-building, metallurgy, chemical, in­formation, educational, financial, transport etc.
Processes of technologies Laser, plasma, impulsive, information, legal, educational etc.
Application domain Scientific, educational, production
Level of complication Simple, difficult
Dynamics of development Progressive, developing, steady (óñòîÿâ­øèåñÿ), out-of-date, high etc.
Requirement in resources Capital-intensive, power-consuming, science-demanding, resource-demanding
Setting Creative, destructive, double-duty
Place in the production process Food, processed, management technologies*
Competitive influence Base, key, new
Ecological estimation   Ecological clean, requiring facilities of defence of surrounding
Recurrence Discrete, continuous, closed-cycle (zero-emis­sion)
Priorities of creation Primary, convertion

 

2. The role of technologies increases today. Our age is named as «age of technologies».

The level of technologies of any enterprise make a greate influence on its economic indicators, economic stability of enterprise, on durability of its position at the market.