The Old English Alphabet was borrowed from Latin, but there were also some letters that were borrowed from the Runic Alphabet:
? (“thorn”) = [q] and [ð]
? (“wynn”) = [w]
? (“mann”) = stood for OE word “man”
? (“dæζ”) = stood for OE word “day”
Some new letters were introduced:
ζ = [g] and [j];
ð/þ/Đ/đ = [q] and [ð];
æ = a ligature of [a] and [e];
œ = a ligature of [o] and [e].
Rules of Reading:
They resemble the modern rules, with several exceptions though:
f = [v] --- 1. between vowels;
s = [z] 2. between a vowel and a voiced consonant ( [r, m, n, l, d, etc.] ).
ð/þ = [ð]
ζ – [j] – between and after front vowels ( [e, i, æ] );
– [g] – initially and between back vowels ( [a, o, u] ).
cζ = [gg].
c = [k].
n = [ŋ] when fallowed by [k] or [g].