Exercise 7.Change the following sentences using participle phrases instead of the subordinate clauses.
1. People who hold bonds and stocks hope to realize a financial gain from these assets. 2. The US Treasury that finances the deficit sells US Treasury bonds. 3. Explicit debt ceiling that curb the national debt are another mechanism of economic forces. 4. The federal government that borrows money to finance deficits adds to accumulated debt. 5. Much of a burden that represents a debt is paid by the government itself. 6. All of the debt that is held by US households, institutions and government entities is referred to as internal debt. 7. The ways to limit the national debt which were discussed at the conference are worth consideration. 8. The problem of external debt which was touched upon during the round-table talk is considered now. 9. The news which was received yesterday impressed everybody greatly. 10. National debt which is owned internally is referred to as internal debt.
Exercise 8.Translate the sentences.
1. I have looked through the list of prices sent. 2. The quality of the goods is in accordance with the specification enclosed. 3. The price mentioned was five per cent lower than that which had been paid under the previous contract. 4. The goods required could not be shipped immediaytely. 5. The following table shows the position of each of the London clearing banks in August on the date indicated. 6. The quantity of timber shipped was in accordance with the terms of the contract. 7. The buyers agreed to pay the amount of the invoice against the documents presented. 8. The sellers refused to reduce the prices quoted and the buyers declined the offer. 9. It was agreed between the shipowners and the charterers that the latter should deposit with the State Bank of the US on the amount claimed. 10. Payment for the goods bought was made in Moscow.
Exercise 9. Translate the sentences.
1. Having received the information required, the sellers sent the buyers their offer. 2. The letter being typed by the typist must be sent off as soon as it is ready. 3. Payment will be made in London against a telegram signed by the captain of the vessel stating the quantity loaded. 4. While discharging the goods the workers came upon a number of bags damaged by sea. 5. The contact contains a clause providing that all disputes from time to time arising under it, should be referred to arbitration. 6. The goods were transported in Washington, and expenses incurred were paid by the sellers. 7. We have received a letter from the suppliers stating that they are prepared to execute our order in accordance with the conditions stipulated. 8. When asking the seller to send him a quotation, the buyer gives a detailed describtion of the goods required by him. 9. The goods were ready for shipment, having been inspected and tested by the buyer’s inspection.
Exercise 10. Translate into English.
1. Робота, яку він розпочав, дуже важлива. 2. Студенти прослухали кілька лекцій про державний борг, які прочитав відомий професор. 3. Як звуть доповідача, який розповідає про заборгованість? 4. Представники іноземних фірм сиділи в конфеоенц-залі і обговорювали питання рефінансування об’єктів. 5. Банки та страхові компанії скуповували облігації, випущені казначейством країни. 6. Рішення щодо зовнішнього боргу, яке було ухвалене на конференції, змінило подальшу політику країни. 7. Купуючи казначейські облігації, люди позичають гроші урядові.