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My Speciality

My Speciality - раздел Иностранные языки, АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК There Are Many Faculties In The South Urals State University. But Those Stude...

There are many faculties in the South Urals State University. But those students who have chosen the career in metallurgy study at the Metallurgical department. I’m a student of the Metallurgical Department too. After graduating from the university I’ll receive an engineer’s degree. Engineer-metallurgist can work in different branches of metallurgy in various parts of our country.

Metallurgy has always been an important branch of industry. Metals play a very important and large role in our daily life. We can’t do without railroads, steel bridges, automobiles, ships, tools of all kinds, electric motors and generators, airplanes and money. Metals, in fact, have contributed more to the welfare of mankind than any class of substances. Other industries are actually dependent upon the metal industry for their very existance.

A nation’s industrial vitality is measured by its metal production. Metallurgical art and science are very important, for they produce the most valuable materials for other industries such as: machine-building, chemical, ship-building, automobile, etc. In fact, the whole subject of metallurgy is generally divided into two parts: ferrous metallurgy and non-ferrous metallurgy. Ferrous metallurgy being the art and science of getting iron from its ores, refining the impure product and fabricating this product by rolling, forging, pressing, or by casting into finished form.

Ferrous metallurgy includes also the study of the chemical and physical properties of iron and its alloys in any of its stages of manufacture and operation such as mechanical work or heat treatment for the closer control of the finished material. This branch of the subject is sometimes called physical metallurgy or, more commonly, metallography. Non-ferrous metallurgy covers the same or similar operations for all other metals than iron.

The modern metallurgical plant is a very big complex working for 24 hour. Our scientists and inventors have developed modern technological equipment for producing iron and steel goods of high quality. The introduction of new technology and machinery is the main reason for an increase of labour productivity in the metallurgical industry.

At present, the Metallurgical Department offers a wide range of specialities so that the students have a large choice. There are 6 departments including3 special ones. They are: ferrous metals metallurgy, metallurgical equipment, hot and cold working of metals, physical metallurgy and some others. The most popular specialities are: hot and cold working of metals and physical metallurgy. I’ve chosen … speciality.

On the first two courses students study mathematics, physics, chemistry, drawing, physical training and also a foreign language. The students of our university study one of the languages: English, German or French. English is the most popular language and a lot of students study it because the majority of technical and scientific periodicals are made in English. Nowadays if a student wants to become a qualified specialist, a foreign language is necessity for him. On the one hand, he is able to keep up with latest achievements in technology, on the other hand, he improves his skills and know-how.

Later on, students begin to study a lot of specialized subjects concerning metallurgy: elements of machines and some others. Students have lessons in well-equipped classes, workshops and labs at the faculty. A number of Doctors, Candidates of Technical Sciences, Scientific research associates, highly qualified specialists and teacher train the students of our department.

Our faculty is a famous center of research in metallurgical science and technology. The research involves scientists, student and post graduates and covers a very wide range: from theoretical studies to the solution of specific practical problems in local metallurgy, powder metallurgy, electrometallurgy, space metallurgy etc.

The students study the most efficient and economic ways of producing high-grade metals and alloys and their usage in industry. Also the students must know all the latest achievements of science and engineering to find easy and economic ways of extracting ores and producing high-grade metals and alloys.

X.Прочтите текст и дайте краткое содержание текста в 4-x предложениях на русском языке.

 

XI. Укажите предложения, которые являются ответами на следующие вопросы.

1. Where can an engineer-metallurgist work?

2. Why are metallurgical art and science very important?

3. What is ferrous metallurgy?

4. What is the main reason for an increase of labor productivity?

5. Where do students study specialized subjects concerning metallurgy?

6. Why must the students know all the latest achievements of science and engineering?

 

XII.Укажите абзац, в котором выражена следующая мысль:

Металлургия, как наука и искусство, очень важна в нашей жизни.

XIII.Укажите предложения, которые подтверждают правильность следующих высказываний.

1. Cначала студенты изучают общие предметы.

2. Металлургический факультет является центром научных исследований.

3. Студенты должны быть в курсе последних достижений науки и техники.

 

XIV.Выберите утверждения, соответствующие содержанию текста.

1. The students of our university study:

a) one of the foreign languages;

b) all the languages;

c) only English.

2. The students study the most efficient and economic ways of:

a) fabricating plastics;

b) working metals and their alloys;

c) producing high-grade metals and alloys.

3. Non-ferrous metallurgy covers the same or similar operations for:

a) all metals;

b) iron ores;

c) other metals than iron.

 

XV.Найдите в тексте предложения, в которых говорится о том, что:

1) металлургия производит наиболее ценные материалы для других отраслей промышленности;

2) было разработано современное техническое оборудование для производства железа;

3) английский является наиболее популярным языком среди студентов нашего ВУЗа;

4) высококвалифицированные преподаватели обучают наших студентов;

5) необходимо знать последних достижений науки;

 

XVI.Прочтите текст еще раз и выделите предложения, которые содержат интересный для Васфакт.

 

XVII. Передайте содержание III абзаца текста в 2-х предложениях.

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Все темы данного раздела:

My Speciality
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) choose (chose, chosen), v   – выбирать 2) daily, adj

Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals. Alloys
  I. Повторите, запомните следующие слова: 1) appearance, n – внешний вид 2) compose, v – составлять 3) dense, a – плотный 4) feature, n – особенно

Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Metals. Alloys
  It is known that metals are very important in our life. Metals have the greatest importance for industry. About two thirds of all elements found in the earth are metals. It is diffi

Iron and Iron Ores
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) associate, v – соединять(ся) 2) as well as – также, а также 3) cheap, a – дешевый 4) cost, n – стоимость 5)

Iron and Iron Ores
Iron is the only metal that can be found in almost every part of the world. It’s the fourth element in abundance on the earth, being exceeded by oxygen, silicon and aluminum. It is the cheapest of

Grey Cast Iron
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) distribution, n – распределение, распространение 2) flake, n – чешуйка, хлопья (мн.ч.) 3) include, v – включать 4) s

Grey Cast Iron
  Grey cast iron is one of the most valued of cast metals. It may be made by melting pig iron and scrap in the cheapest of melting processes, the cupola, and then cast into sand molds

Casting
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) accurate, a – точный 2) allow, v – позволять, разрешать 3) cavity, n – полость, пустота 4) hot, a – горячий

Casting
Casting is the oldest method of forming metals. Basically it consists of melting and pouring liquid metal into a cavity of the desired size and shape and allowing the metal to solidify. There are n

Metals and Non–Metals
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова и словосочетания: 1) alloying element – легирующий элемент 2) alkali metal – щелочной металл 3) base metal – основной металл

Metals and Non–Metals
Among the more obvious distinctions between different kinds of elements is that which divides metals and nonmetals. Metals are distinguished from nonmetals by their high conductivity for heat and e

Corrosion
  I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) damp air – влажный воздух 2) deposit, n – осадок, осаждать 3) destruction, n – разрушение 4) dilute,

Corrosion
It has long been known that metals can undergo changes in which they lose their characteristic properties; in most cases, the metal ceases to be an element, and becomes a compound. Iron exposed to

The Iron Blast Furnace
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) carry up, v – поднимать 2) consume, v – потреблять 3) drop, v – опускать 4) float, v – плавать 5) flow, n –

The Iron Blast Furnace
  Pig iron is one of the most important materials produced in the metallurgical industry. It is generally produced from the iron ore by chemical reduction process of iron conducted in

Bessemer Converter
I. Повторите, запомните следующие слова: 1) affinity, n – сродство, родственность 2) capacity, n – емкость, мощность, производительность 3) interior, n – внутренность, вн

Bessemer Converter
  Molten pig iron, gaseous oxygen and steel scrap are the main constituents for making steel in the converter. Pig iron contains carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulphur and silicon in

Open-Hearth Furnace
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) damper, n – заглушка 2) capacity, n, v – емкость, производительность 3) checkerwork, n – насадка 4) combustion, n –

Open-Hearth Furnace
The phenomenal success of the Bessemer process attracted many other inventors to the study of new and improved methods of steelmaking. The only process which was destined to become a rival of the B

Electric Furnace
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) accomplish, v – совершать, выполнять 2) advantage, n – преимущество, польза 3) arc, n – дуга 4) conductor, n – прово

Electric Furnace
  Numerous types of furnaces utilizing electric current as the source of heat have been developed by a large number of investigators, but relatively few types have survived as practic

Continuous Casting of Steel
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) apply, v – применять, прикладывать 2) completely, adv – совершенно, полностью 3) conventional, adj – общепринятый, стандартны

Continuous Casting of Steel
Continuous casting as at present applied to the production of steel may be defined as a process in which liquid metal is poured into an open-ended mould, from the lower end of which a partially sol

Types of Mills
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) accessories, n – принадлежности, арматура 2) billet, n – заготовка, сутунка 3) blooms, n – блюм, стальная болванка 4

Types of Mills
The three principal types of rolling mills used for the rolling of steel are referred to as "two-high", "three-high", and "four-high mills". As the names indicate, the

The Physics and Chemistry of Metallurgy
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) fundamentals, n – основы 2) matter, n – материя, вещество, 3) correlation, n – соотношение 4. to reveal, v –

The physics and chemistry of metallurgy
  Metallurgy is a science dealing with the constitution, structure and properties of metals and alloys, and the processes by which they are obtained from ores and adapted for the use

Relation of Metallurgy to Physics and Chemistry
  I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) involve, v – включать в себя, подразумевать 2) outwardly, adv – внешне, снаружи 3) earthy, a – земляной, зерн

Relation of Metallurgy to Physics and Chemistry
In principle, steelmaking involves only a relatively, outwardly simple steps. Principal iron ores consist of combinations of iron with oxygen (iron oxides), mixed with varying percentages of useles

Protection of Steel from Corrosion
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) application, n – применение, приведение в действие 2) environment, n – окружающая среда 3) coat, v – грунтовать, нанос

Protection of Steel from Corrosion
  Everybody knows how widely steel and iron products are used. But almost in all applications regardless of the environment, these products are coated by some means in order to preven

Induction Furnaces. Puddling Furnaces.
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) core, n – сердечник, стержень 2) excess, n – избыток, излишек 3) insure, v – обеспечивать 4) quite, adv – впо

Induction Furnaces. Puddling Furnaces
Induction Furnaces. Induction furnaces are of two types – the coreless high-frequency type and the cored units which operate at low frequency. Principles of operation of both units are simil

Problems of Automation of Blast Furnace
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) considerable, a – значительный, важный, большой 2) associated, а – связанный, объединенный 3) denote, v – означать

Problems of Automation of Blast Furnace
In the course of the past few years, a considerable amount of time and money has been spent studying the blast furnace process, and discussing with the operators some of the problems associated wit

Hot Working and Hot Working Processes
I. Повторите и запомните следующие слова: 1) bar, n пруток, – брусок 2) draw, v – тянуть, волочить (проволоку) 3) hammer, n,v – молот, ковать 4) prevent, n – пре

Hot Working and Hot Working Processes
  Hot working entails plastic deformation of metals at temperatures where strain hardening does not occur. Hot working is done for two reasons: to shape metal into useful objects; and

Cold Working and Cold Working Processes
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Oxy-fuel combustion for reheat furnaces
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Heat transfer.
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The European Steel Industry and Climate Change Legislation
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Energy efficiency.
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Emission trading.
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Mill roll lubrication to cut costs
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Cold rolling.
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Uzbekistan woos foreign investors
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СПИСОК СОКРАЩЕНИЙ
1. General Electric Co. – Company 2. Ltd (Britain) - limited responsibility – корпорация из нескольких владельцев и вице президентов 3. OD. – outside diameter 4. ID. – ins

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