Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence

1. The conference discussed new trends in this field of research.

a) issues c) tendencies

b) inventions d) discoveries

2. I'd like to emphasize the significance of such studies.

a) importance c) complexity

b) uniqueness d) relevance

3. It seems appropriate to make a few general comments here.

a) interesting c) valuable

b) relevant d) obvious

4. The author spends roughly twelve pages describing this process.

a) exactly c) approximately

b) totally d) largely

5. The body of scientific information is growing very fast.

a) organism c) data

b) figure d) amount

6. Much success has been gained due to changes in industrial processes and technology.

a) realized c) adopted

b) expected d) achieved

7. Computers have been evolving over hundreds of years.

a) developing c) discovering

b) appearing d) inventing

8. Efforts are needed in all countries to tackle pollution in an integrated manner.

a) come across c) bring about

b) deal with d) result in

9. Such structural changes may produce a marked effect.

a) desirable c) required

b) considerable d) satisfactory

10. These discoveries have been assisted by the developments in contemporary research techniques.

a) latest c) conventional

b) comprehensive d) traditional