Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence

1. The shortcomings of this analysis of the problem have been discussed carefully.

a) advantages c) difficulties

b) perspectives d) drawbacks

2. Many environmentalists feel that more deep-going changes in production are necessary.

a) ecologists c) educationalists

b) manufacturers d) reformists

3. The measurements are carried out with conventional equipment.

a) modernized c) unique

b) ordinary d) special

4. Have they found any direct evidence against that widely spread conception?

a) opinion c) view

b) proof d) principle

5. Conservation of nature often conflicts with agriculture and industry interests.

a) observation c) preservation

b) explanation d) exploration

6. This system lifetime was greatly increased due to the application of this device.

a) utilization c) modification

b) demonstration d) installation

7. The development of electric cars is under way in a number of countries.

a) in progress c) out of question

b) under discussion d) in advance

8. Various ideas have been proposed to account for these phenomena.

a) record c) describe

b) investigate d) explain

9. From the earliest times, men have observed changes that occur in nature.

a) take place c) meet

b) result d) take part

10. Articles in daily use which are made of plastics are familiar to everybody.

a) papers c) subjects

b) objects d) packages