1. Summerhill began as an experimental school. It is now a demonstration school, for it demonstrates that freedom works. When starting the school, we had one main idea: to make the school fit the child – instead of making the child fit the school. Having taught in ordinary school for many years, I knew the other way very well. it was wrong because it was based on an adult conception of what a child should learn. The other way dated from those days when psychology was still an unknown science.
2. We decided to make a school in which we should allow children freedom to be themselves. In order to do this, we had to renounce all discipline, all direction, all suggestion, all moral training, all religious instruction. It required a complete belief in the child as a good, not an evil being. For almost forty years, this belief has become a final faith. If left to himself without adult suggestion of any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing.
3. What is Summerhill like? For one thing, lessons are optional. Children can go to them or stay away from them – for years if they want to. There is a timetable – but only for teachers. The children have classes usually according to their age, but sometimes according to their interest. We have no new methods of teaching, because we do not consider that teaching in itself matters very much. Whether a school has or has not a special method for teaching long division is of no significance, for long division is of no importance except to those who want to learn it. And the child who wants to learn long division will learn it no matter how taught.
4. Children who come to Summerhill as kindergarteners attend lessons from the beginning of their stay, but pupils from other schools vow that they will never attend any lessons again at any time. They play and cycle and get in people’s way, but they fight shy of lessons. This sometimes goes on for months. Summerhill is possibly the happiest school in the world. I seldom hear a child cry, because children when free have much less hate to express than children who are depressed. Love means approving of children, and that is essential in any school.
Определите, является ли утверждение:
In Summerhill school there is no timetable for pupils.
1) в тексте нет информации
2) истинным
3) ложным
ЗАДАНИЕ28 (выберите один вариант ответа)
Определите, является ли утверждение:
They wanted children to be disciplined at school.
1) истинным
2) в тексте нет информации
3) ложным
ЗАДАНИЕ29 (выберите один вариант ответа)
Определите, является ли утверждение:
There is no moral training and religious institutions in Summerhill School.
1) в тексте нет информации
2) ложным
3) истинным
ЗАДАНИЕ30 (выберите один вариант ответа)
Определите, является ли утверждение:
Children can develop their best abilities being taught at home under the guidance of their parents.
1) в тексте нет информации
2) ложным
3) истинным
ЗАДАНИЕ31 (выберите один вариант ответа)
Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
The idea of Summerhill School is to make school attractive and acceptable for children.
1) 4 2) 1
3) 2 4) 3
ЗАДАНИЕ32 (выберите один вариант ответа)
Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:
Summerhill is a school where children know they are loved and approved of.
1) 4 2) 3
3) 1 4) 2
ЗАДАНИЕ33 (выберите один вариант ответа)
Ответьте на вопрос:
What experiment did they do in Summerhill? They allowed children …
1) to be out of school for years.
2) to express their hatred for lessons.
3) to attend only the lessons they want.
4) to cry at the lessons.
ЗАДАНИЕ34 (выберите один вариант ответа)
Определите основную идею текста
1) Special activities help children to fight shy of lessons.
2) At school children should be free and happy and develop as they can develop.
3) It is not necessary to have special methods of teaching.
4) Children should have classes according to their interests.