MODAL VERBS

1. Fill in can't, might, must or could:

I wonder where Paul is. He 1) can't be at work because he never works on a Sunday. He 2) … be at Sally's, but I doubt it because they haven't been speaking lately. I wonder if he 3) … be at his cottage in the country. No, he 4) … be because he told me they've rented it to someone else for the summer. He 5) … have gone bowling, but I'm almost sure he told me he'd got tired of it. I know! He 6) … have gone swimming, because I remember him asking me if I wanted to go with him.

2. Fill in can, couldn't, may, mustn't, can't or (not) be allowed to:

David: 1) Can I go to the cinema tonight?
Mrs Stone: You know you 2) are not allowed to… go out during the week.
David: But I 3) … go out last Saturday either. I think Dad is too strict.
Mrs Stone: You 4) … speak about your father like that. He's doing what he thinksis best.
David: 5) … I have some friends over, then?
Mr Stone: I'm afraid you 6) … . We're having some friends to dinner.
David: 7) … I at least watch TV for a while?
Mrs Stone: Yes, you 8) … , but only after you've done your homework.
David: But I haven't got any homework!
Mrs Stone: Oh! Well, in that case, you 9) … go out, but you 10) …be home late.
David: I'll be home by 11. I promise.

3. Fill in should, shouldn't, ought to or had better:

Dan: You 1) should really do something about your car.
Sally: What do you mean?
Dan: It's in terrible condition. You 2) … get a new one before the police stop you.
Sally: But I can't afford a new one!
Dan: Well, you 3) … at least have the exhaust seen to. And you 4) … have the brakes repaired before you kill somebody.
Sally: I suppose I 5) … . But you 6) … lend me some money to pay for the repairs.
Dan: Sally, have you spent the money I lent you last week? You 7) … have spent it all!

4. Fill in: must(n't), (not) have to, ought to or need(n't) in the correct form.

Yesterday when I was at the museum a fire broke out. We 1) had to leave the building. We were told that we 2) … panic as it was a small fire, but that we should all go outside. In the end, they were able to put out the fire and they 3) … call the fire brigade. Unfortunately, one of the rooms 4) … painting again as the smoke damaged it. The police said that the museum 5) … have better security and that all visitors 6) … make sure they know where the fire exits are.

5. Fill in must or have to:

“Welcome on behalf of Newton Industries. I'd like to explain a few of the factory rules. Mr Newton has said we 1) have to wear overalls at all times. He wants us to arrive at 8 am and we 2) … clock in. There is a possibility of working overtime but you 3) … decide whether you want to work extra hours. Mr Newton insists that we 4) … have fifteen-minute breaks every three or four hours but we 5) … choose when we would like those breaks. There is a problem with parking. The city insists we 6) … use the public garage. They believe parking on the grass is too damaging to public property and I 7) … say I agree. Finally, as far as health insurance is concerned, you 8) … register as soon as possible. Are there any questions?”

6. Complete the sentences using the words listed in the box below: