St.Petersburg State University Faculty Of Economics the term paper The History Of Smart-Cards and Their Place In Modern Russia author Victor Travin Contents Introduction 2 What are plastic cards What kinds of cards exist 2 Cards with magnetic line and memory-cards 2 Smart-cards step forward 4 The developing of smart technology 5 Smart-cards appear in Russia 7 Smart-cards as bank s cards 7 Smart-cards as corporate cards 8 The place of smart-cards in modern Russia 12 Internet 14 Conclusion 15 Sources and literature 16 Introduction Russian smart-cards market is one of the fastest developing sectors of country s financial market.
The trial period which was over by 1995 allowed its participants to learn technologies and problems that can be hit upon while dealing with cards business. The fact that more then 500.000 international plastic cards were issued in Russia for several last years only approves of the topicality of such payment systems.
What are plastic cards What kinds of cards exist
Cashless payment systems based on traditional cards with magnetic line... This kind of cards has a lot of disadvantages that make their operatio... Taking criminal situation in Russia into consideration we have to admi... Main areas for memory-cards are systems of limited access to accommoda... The chip is a medium in memory-cards.
Even in Europe where magnetic line cards are traditionally popular sma... The identification area allows only one record while personalizing the... Access to other areas available only after the card holder entered the... The smart-cards security level is much higher than the magnetic cards ... Part of the data located on a smart-card can be used only in internal ...
The main advantages as compared to magnetic line cards are higher reli... The main disadvantage that it is still difficult to get over is high p... But financial institutes that working with smart-cards have a lot of q... Obviously operation of these payment through electronic cards is more ... In this case solving this problem with a help of electronic wallets se...
Smart-cards appear in Russia
This product has no special brand name yet, abbreviation COPAC was tak... After this the pilot project was over new COPAC specification became a... is that all transaction operations are done in off-line mode trough di... The main technological feature of U.E.P.S. Smart-cards as bank s cards.
As businesses, large and small, progressively long for ways to interfa... The company together with its suppliers created several large-scaled p... While creating corporate electronic payment system on company s fillin... Before going somewhere a car driver put his money on his smart-card or... Noticeable growth of personal LICard owners was hit upon for the recen...
Lets take transport fuel coupons as an example. And if we mention speeding up money return, it becomes absolutely clea... The process of developing plastic cards as universal payment systems i... 4. 5.
Smart Cards. 1 Business, 2 Approaches How to Succeed in Internet Business by Employ... Bruce J. WWW-server of BGS Smartcard Systems AG. httpwww.bgs.ru 4.