Articles Артикли

Articles Артикли. Is it a man? Any man Is it the man with a moustache. A particular man В английском языке имеется два артикля a, the. Неопределенный артикль a имеет два варианта a - перед словами, начинающимися с согласной a boy, a pen an - перед словами, начинающимися с гласной a e i o u an apple, an economist Неопределенный артикль a an не употребляется с сущуствительными во множественном числе, а также с неисчисляемыми существительными milk, oil, music, money. Употребляя существительное с неопределенным артиклем a an, мы называем предмет вещь, живое существо и представляем его как один из класса ему подобных.

This is a lamp. Have you got a sister or a brother? Определенный артикль the употребляется как с исчисляемыми существительными в единственном и множественном числе, так и с несичисляемыми существительными.

Существительные с определенным артиклем the обозначают конкретный предмет предметы т.е. данный предмет, вещество, явление рассматриваются как уже известные и говорящему, и слушающему.

Open the door, please. Usually we do not say the names of places France is a very large country. But we say the republic states kingdom The United States of AmericaUsually we do not say the names of streets, squares etc Kevin lives in Coronation Street. We do not say the name of place airport station university castle Munich Airport Paddington Station But we usually say the names of hotels restaurants pubs cinemas theatres museums The Hilton HotelThe national Theatre The Tate GalleryWe say the names of oceans seas rivers canals the Atlantic Ocean The Nile We say the names with of the Republic of Ireland the Tower of London the north south east west middle of Ive been to the north of Italy but not to the south.

We say the plural names of countries islands mountains the Netherlands the Canary Islands Упражнения на повторение 1. Вставьте a an или the. 1 I wrote to her but the letter never arrived. 2 Britain is an island. 3 What is name of this village? 4 Jane is very nice person.

You must meet her. 5 Montreal is large city in Canada. 6 What is largest city in Canada? 7 What time is it? 1 don t know. I haven t got watch. 8 When I went to Rome, I stayed with Italian friend of mine. 9 You look very tired. You need holiday. 10 Don t sit on floor. It s very dirty. 11 Let s go to restaurant this evening.

That s good idea. Which restaurant shall we go to? 12 Can you turn on radio, please? I want to listen to some music. 13 Tom is in bathroom. He s having bath. 14 This is a nice room, but I don t like colour of carpet. 15 We live in old house near station. It s two miles from centre. 2. Это географические вопросы. Выберите ответ из рамки. В некоторых случаях необходимо использовать The. Alps Amazon Atlantic Bahamas Cairo Kenya Red Sea Asia Andes Pacific Malta Rhine Switzerland Tokyo United States 1 Cairo is the capital of Egypt. 2 The Atlantic is between Africa and America. 3 is a country in the middle of Europe. 4 is a river in South America. 5 is the largest continent in the world. 6 is the largest ocean. 7 is a river in Europe. 8 is between Canada and Mexico. 9 is in East Africa. 10 are mountains in South America. 11 is the capital of Japan. 12 is an island in the Mediterranean. 13 are mountains in central Europe. 14 is between Saudi Arabia and Africa. 15 are a group of islands near Florida. 3. Переведите на русский язык Come and look at this picture.

This isnt a very good party.

These grapes are not very sweet. This is my friend Paula. on the phone This is Ann. What is that on the wall? He is ill. Thats why hes away. Stop that noise! Thanks - that was a great dinner. on the phone Who is that? Do you remember those people we met in Scotland? 4. Поставьте предложения во множественное число This is a king. That is an egg. This is a boy. That is a window. This is a shilling.

That is a prince. This is a cup. That is a waiter. This is a flower. That is a star. This is a man. That is a n eye. This is a train. That is a child. This is an aeroplane. That is a picture. 5.Вставьте this, that, these, those. Why are you living country? Get me box from the table. What was noise? Come way, please. Who are people over there? Who said Isnt girl nice? I cant write with pens. How could she marry idiot! 6. Переведите на русский язык There are no grapes in the market.

There will be rain tonight. There is snow on the mountains. There are two men at the door. Once upon a time there were three pigs. There are many cars in the street. 7. Вставьте соответствующую форму there is there isnt no water on the moon. no TVs in the 15th century. Once upon a time a beautiful princess. Tomorrow snow. some soup, if you are hungry. any potatoes? an accident can I phone? I am afraid time to see Grandmother. many tigers in the jungle. 8. Вставьте there is или it is . a cat in your bedroom. not easy to understand him. cold tonight. ice on the roads. nice to see you. somebody on the phone for you. a problem with TV. too late to go out. a funny film on the video.

Whats that noise the wind. Пословицы Было бы желание, а путь найдется Where there is a will, there is a way. Нет дыма без огня There is no smoke without a fire. Нет смысла плакать над разлитым молоком Слезами горю не поможешь - There is no use crying over spilt milk. Тема 4 Present Simple Tense Настоящее неопределенное время We use the present simple tense for things we do regularly, always, sometimes, every day, etc. выражает факты, универсальные факты, регулярно повторяющиеся действия, последовательность событий. Positive положительная форма I live in London.

We live in London. You live in London. They live in London. He lives in London. She Lives in London. It lives in London too. The question, short answer and negative are made with the present tense of the verbs do, does вопрос, краткий ответ и отрицательное предложение образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола do, does. Negative отрицательная форма I do not live in Moscow. We do not live in Moscow.

You do not live in Moscow. They do not live in Moscow. He does not live in Moscow. She does not live in Moscow It does not live in Moscow Question вопрос Where do I live? Where do you live? Where do we live? Where do they live? Where does he live? Where does she live? Where does it live? Yes No questions вопрос с предположительным ответом Yes или No. Do I live in Paris? Do we live in Paris? Do they live in Paris? Do you live in Paris? Does he live in Paris? Does she live in Paris? Does it live in Paris? Ansswers Краткие ответы. Yes, I do. No, I dont. Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.

Question words вопросительные слова. How do you travel to work? как, каким образом How long does the journey take? как долго, сколько времени, How many people travel by bus? сколько How often does Joy see Janet? как часто What time do you have lunch? когда, во сколько When does Joy arrive? когда Разделительные вопросы Не is a businessman, isn t he? They are businessmen, aren t they? You speak English, don t you? He speaks English, doesn t he? They spoke about it, didn t they? I have done this work, haven t I? He ll do this work, won t he? He can do this work, can t he? He is going to do it, isn t he? He isn t a businessman, is he? They aren t businessmen, are they? You don t speak English, do you? He doesn t speak English, does he? They didn t speak about it, did they? I haven t done this work, have I? He won t do this work, will he? He cannot do this work, can he? He isn t going to do it, is he? IMPERATIVES Повелительное наклонение Утвердительная форма Отрицательная форма Speak English, please.

Dont speak English please.

Look in the mirror before you drive off. Have some more tea. Please do not lean out of the window.

Try again. Cheer up. Dont worry. Dont sign the document. Do be quiet! Dont be silly! Lets have a drink. Lets meet at 10.30. Тема 5 MODAL VERBS CAN, MAY, MUST Модальные глаголы отличаются от обычных глаголов тем, что 1 после них употребляется инфинитив без частицы to I can do it myself. 2 они сами образуют вопросительную и отрицательную формы Can you do it yourself? You can not do it yourself. 3 в третьем лице единственного числа настоящего времени у них нет окончания s He can play piano.

Глагол can означает умственную или физическую способность, вежливую просьбу или разрешение. Глагол must означает должен, обязан You must keep the rule. Глагол may означает возможность, вероятность, разрешение. You may come in. They may return tomorrow. Глагол should означает должен, должен бы, следует, cледовало бы. We should protect the planet. Глагол have to означает надо, нужно, должен, он часто переводиться приходится. Politicians have to make speeches. 1. Скажите, что Вы можете делать и чего Вы не можете не умеете делать, используя следующие глаголы hear, listen, speak French, play golf, make, sing, dance, swim, talk, work, drive, jump, ride a horse, translate, cook. 2.Дайте краткие ответы на вопросы Can you speak Japanese Yes, Will you bring your friend Yes, Could Tom find his glasses No , Should the children come home early Yes, May I sit here No, Can ducks swim under water Yes Can you remember their phone number No, 3 Скажите, что Вы должны сделать завтра, используя следующие глаголы Get up early, make breakfast, go to work, go to school, make a telephone call, buy some food, write to, invite guests, visit a dentist 4. Скажите, используя следующие глаголы, что Вы могли бы делать сегодня вечером используя форму might go to the cinema stay at home listen to music do some washing have dinner at home go to a restaurant watch TV read a magazine go to bed early play at the computer Упражнения на повторение 1.Переведите на английский язык 1. У меня нет ручки.

Не мог бы ты мне дать свою? 2. Возьми зонт. Может пойти дождь. 3. Он не знает, где его шляпа.

Он думает, что она может быть на кухне. 4. Это дерево закрывает окно. Ты должен его срубить. cut it down 5. Уже поздно.

Я боюсь, мы должны уходить. 6. Можно мне открыть окно? 7. Вы должны ждать до 5 часов. 8. Он не умеет писать письма. 2.Переведите на английский язык 1. Где он живет? 2. Это не мой кот. 3. Сколько лет Вашей сестре? 4. Он занят. Он пишет письмо. 5. Я не могу дать тебе эту книгу. 6. Я - не учитель.

Я - аспирант. 7. Ты уже купил новую машину? 8. Что пишут сейчас студенты. 9. Я не умею прыгать в воду с высокой горы. 10.Вы говорите на французском. 11.Идет дождь Возьми зонт. 12.Она уже купила это новое платье. 13.Когда ты купила этот компьютер? 14.Давайте не пойдем сегодня в парк. Холодно. 3. Переведите на английский язык 1. Он выпил два больших стакана молока. 2. Это не наш котенок. 3. Они уже смотрели этот фильм? 4. Когда Вы ездили в Израиль? 5. Давайте купим ей в подарок цветы. 6. Я не могу с тобой говорить сейчас, так как делаю уроки. 7. Мой брат не экономист, он - менеджер. 8. Они съели все зеленые яблоки. 9. Он не может сейчас прийти, так как он разговаривает по телефону. 10. Моя тетя работает не в Англии, а в Америке сейчас. 11. Сколько лет твоей жене? 12. Откуда ты приехал? 13. Английский более трудный, чем татарский. 14. Давай сходим сегодня вечером в парк. 15. Это упражнение труднее, чем то. 16. Что делает твой брат в саду сейчас? Уже почти полночь. 17. Том танцевал с Хелен весь вечер. 18. Шекспир родился в Страдфорде-на-Эвоне. 19. Это не моя сумка. Моя - черная.

Дай мне мою сумку, пожалуйста. 20. Вы уже написали письмо в Москву? 21. Я не умею говорить громко.

VERB OBJECT INFINITIVEI WANT YOU TO DO IT Я ХОЧУ, ЧТОБЫ ВЫ СДЕЛАЛИ ЭТО I want you to be happy. He wants me to go to the bank. She wants him to pay the bill. We also use the structure Verb somebody to with advise, expect, ask, tell, force, invite, warn, mean, allow, forbid, need, order, persuade, help, cause, remind, leave, teach, would like. Present progressive Tense. We use the present progressive to talk about things which are happening now. Positive and Negative.

I am He She It is not гл ing writing now. We You They are Question. am I What is he she it гл ing doing? are we you they Spelling. Go ing going type ing typing talk ing talking write ing writing short vowel one consonant but long vowel on consonant begin n ing beginning read ing reading get t ing getting feel ing feeling 1. Что происходит в данный момент.

Напишите правильные предложения. 1 I wash my hair I m not washing my hair. 2 it snow It is snowing. 3 1 sit on a chair 4 I eat 5 it rain 6 I learn English 7 I listen to the radio 8 the sun shine 9 I wear shoes 10 I smoke a cigarette 11 I read a newspaper 2. Напишите вопрос What doing 1 he What is he doing ? 3 I ? 2 they What doing? 4 your wife ? 3. Напишите вопрос Where going 1 we Where are we going ? 2 those children ? 3 the girl with long hair ? 4 the man on the bicycle ? 4. Напишите утвердительные или отрицательные ответы Yes, I am No, it isn t etc 1 Are you watching TV? No, I m not. 2 Are you wearing shoes? 3 Are you wearing a hat? 4 Is it raining? 5 Are you eating something? 6 Are you feeling well? 7 Is the sun shining? 8 Is your mother watching you? Тема 6 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE DEGREES OF ADJECTIVES Степени сравнения прилагательных 1. Short adjectives 1syllable однослоговые прилагательные adjective comparative superlative сравнительная степень превосходная степень cheap er cheaper est cheapest young er younger est youngest short er shorter est shortest wide er wider est widest small er smaller est smallest 2. Short adjective ending in one vowel one consonant правила правописания big g er bigger g est biggest fat t er fatter t est fattest slim m er slimmer m est slimmest hot t er hotter t est hottest thin n er thinner n est thinnest 3. Adjectives ending in er, ow, etc 2 syllables двуслоговые прилагательные clever er cleverer est cleverest narrow er narrower est narrowest shallow er swallower est swallowest 4. Adjectives ending in y 2 syllables easy ier easier iest easiest heavy ier heavier iest heaviest early ier earlier iest earliest funny ier funnier iest funniest happy ier happier iest happiest 5 Adjectives ending on ous, ing, ful, ed 2 syllables and long adjectives 3 4 syllables boring more boring most boring famous more famous most famous modern more modern most modern polite more polite most polite tired more tired most tired expensive more expensive most expensive comfortable more comfortable most comfortable 6. Irregular adjectives good better best bad worse worst far further furthest much many more most little less least 7. As as, not as so as He is as rich as his brother.

Im as clever as my uncle.

Mary is not as so nice as her sister.

Is the weather not so hot as this in New York? 8. The the The more we learn, the more we know Чем Больше мы учим, тем больше мы знаем. The sooner, the better. - Чем раньше, тем лучше.9. Older than more expensive than He is two years older than his brother.

My car is more expensive than his. 10. Its twice three times four times as long light heavy high as The road is twice as long as that one. Some useful idioms of comparison As good as gold золото As old as the hills холмы As busy as bee пчела As cold as ice лед As changeable as weather изменчив как погода Тема 7PAST SIMPLE Прошедшее неопределенное время We use the past tense to tell stories about the past. We also use it when the time when something happened is important выражает фиксированные действия в прошлом. Время Past Indefinite служит 1. Для выражения действия, совершившегося или совершавшегося в прошлом, при изложении прошедших событий.

Past indefinite переводится на русский язык прошедшим временем глагола как совершенного, так и несовершенного вида, в зависимости от смысла предложения.

Время совершения действия может быть выражено придаточным предложением или не указываться, а подразумеваться.

Для выражения прошедшего действия в Past Indefinite могут употребляться такие обозначения времени, как yesterday вчера, last week на прошлой неделе, an hour ago час тому назад, the other day на днях, on Monday в понедельник, in 1998 в 1998 году, during the lesson во время урока и т.п. I spoke to him the other day. Я говорил с ним на днях. Не came at five o clock. Он пришел в пять часов.

Не called when I was Он заходил, когда я был в Институте. at the Institute. 2. Для выражения ряда последовательно происходивших событий Не !eft the hotel, took a taxi Он вышел из отеля, взял такси and drove to the theatre, и поехал в театр. When I arrived at the railway Когда я приехал на вокзал, station, I went to the booking- я пошел в кассу и office and bought a ticket, купил билет. 3. Для выражения обычного, повторявшегося в прошлом, действия Last winter I spent a lot of time Прошлой зимой я проводил много in the library, времени в читальном зале. В этом случае вместо глагола в Past Indefinite очень часто употребляется глагол used ju sd в сочетании со смысловым глаголом в форме инфинитива с частицей to Last winter I used to spend a lot of time in the library.

Образование Past Indefinite Tense 1. Утвердительная форма Past Indefinite Tense правильных глаголов образуется от инфинитива без частицы to путем прибавления во всех лицах окончания -ed to live - I lived to work - I worked to expect - I expected.

Окончание -ed произносится как d, t или id в зависимости от предшествующего звука а после звонких согласных, кроме d и гласных как d lived livd informed i nfo md answered a nsad followed foloud b после глухих согласных кроме t как t helped helpt, asked a skt, finished fmifl c после d и t как id waited weitid, intended intendid, wanted wantid Past Indefinite неправильных глаголов образуется иными способами в основном путем изменения корня to speak - I spoke spouk, to begin - I began to sell - I sold sould to lose - I lost lost . 2.Вопросительная форма Past Indefinite Tense правильных и неправильных глаголов образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to do в прошедшем времени did и формы инфинитива смыслового глагола без частицы to, причем вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим Did I work? Did I speak? Did he work? Did he speak? 3. Отрицательная форма Past Indefinite Tense правильных и неправильных глаголов образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to do в прошедшем времени did, частицы not и формы инфинитива смыслового глагола, причем not ставится после вспомогательного глагола I did not work. I did not speak.

He did not work. He did not speak. 4. В вопросительно-отрицательной форме Past Indefinite Tense частица not ставится непосредственно после подлежащего Did I not work? Did you not work? Did he not work? Regular verbs Правильные Irregular verbs Неправильныеглаголы глаголы work ed worked be - was, were type d typed do - did stop p ed stopped have - had stay ed stayed can - could clean ed cleaned go - went live d lived write - wrote like d liked get - got start ed started, etc. sell - sold, etc. Positive положительная форма I you he she we they worked in London in 1995. I you he she we they went to London in 1995. Negative отрицательная форма We use didnt infinitive without to in all persons.

I you he she we they didnt work in London in 1995. I you he she we they didnt go to London in 1995. Yes No questions Short answers Вопросы с предположительным Краткие ответы ответом Yes , No Did I you he she we they work in London in 1995? Yes, I did. No I didnt.

Did I you he she we they go to London in 1995? Yes, we did. No, we didnt.

Special questions специальные вопросы, начинающиеся с вопросительных слов when, why, where, how etc. When did I you he she we they work in London? I worked in London in 1995. Where did I you he she we they go in 1995? I went to London in 1995. Time expressions night weekend Saturday morning last week yesterday afternoon month evening year summer In 1987, in May, two days ago, from till, all day long, the whole day Упражнения на закрепление 1 Поставьте глагол в прошедшее время. a. Yesterday he go to work by car. b. I watch television yesterday evening. c. He write a letter to Jane last week. d. The accident happen last Sunday afternoon. e. When I was a child, I want to be a judge. f. We leave home at 8.30 this morning. g. They do their shopping last Monday. h. Ann take photographs last Sunday. 2. Завершите предложения, поставив глагол в отрицательную форму.

Пример I saw John but I didnt see Mary. a. They worked on Monday but they on Tuesday. b. We went to the shop but we to the bank. c. She had e pen but she a paper. d. Jack did Spanish at University but he English. e. I sent a letter to tom but I to Mike. f. She went to the post office but she to the hospital. g. I spoke English when I was a child but I French. h. I ate meat yesterday but I fish. i. He read a newspaper yesterday evening but he a magazine. 3. Образуйте общий вопрос.

Пример. I watched TV last night.

And you? Did you watch TV last night? a. I enjoyed the party. And you b. I had a good holiday. And you c. I got up early this morning. And you d. I slept well last night. And you e. I worked hard yesterday. And you f. I went to bed at eleven oclock yesterday. And you g. I saw Tom at the party. And you h. I sent three telegrams yesterday.

And you i. I passed the exam yesterday. And you 4. Скажите, что вы делали не делали вчера. Пример watch TV I watched TV yesterday. I didnt watch TV yesterday. a. get up before 7.30 b. have a shower c. buy magazine d. speak English e. do an examination f. eat meat g. meet my friend 5.Образуйте специальный вопрос. Пример He went abroad. Where did he go? a. I met somebody. Who ? b. Henry arrived. What time ? c. She saw somebody. Who ? d. They wanted something. What ? e. The party finished.

What time ? f. He went home early. Why ? g. We had dinner. What ? h. It cost a lot of money. How much ? 6. Разыграйте следующие и составьте аналогичныe диалоги Where were you yesterday morning I discussed a lot of problems with my manager. And you I saw many interesting things yesterday Did you buy any postcards Paul had an appointment at 11 oclock with Mr. Brown No, he didnt have an appointment at 11 oclock with Mr. Brown. He had an appointment with Mr. White 7. Расскажите о вчерашнем дне, предварительно ответив на вопросы a. What did you have for breakfast yesterday? b. Did you enjoy your breakfast? c. What did you do after breakfast? d Did you go to work? 8. Образуйте вопрос и ответьте на него. Пример When did you last have a holiday Last July. a. see a video b. go shopping c. give someone a present d. take a photograph e. send a letter f. see a friend g. have a dinner at a restaurant h. lose something i. go abroad j. stay away from classes k. tell a lie l. discuss a difficult problem with you friend m. buy a coat n. get up late in the morning o. be late to work p. make a phone call q. pay a bill r. cash a cheque 9 Скажите три вещи, которые вы могли делать в пять лет. Пример I could ride a bike when I was five. 10. Скажите три вещи, которые вы не могли делать в пять лет. Пример I couldnt use a computer when I was five. Present Perfect Настоящее завершенное время We use the present perfect tense for an action in the past with a result now выражает действие, завершенное к данному моменту, результат которого налицо. We use the present perfect with ever, never, already, just yet, recently, for since, etc. Форма образования have has past participle of the verb Positive положительная форма I we you they have done finished He she it has done finished Negative отрицательная форма I we you they have not havent done finished He she it has not hasnt done finished Question вопрос Have I we you they done finished? Has he she it done finished? Examples I have just done my work. I havent done my work yet. He has travelled all over the world.

They have already come home. Irregulars неправильные глаголы Base form Past Simple Past participle Be was were been Become became become Begin began begun Build built built Can could been able Come came come Cost cost cost Do did done Get got got Go went gone Have had had Know knew known Learn learnt learnt Make made made Read read read Say said said Take took taken Write wrote written HAVE GOT HAVEHave got Have в значении иметь, обладать. Форма have got чаще употребляется в разговорной речи. Форма have got в прошедшем времени не употребляется.

Ive got a bad cold. но I had a bad cold last week. have got have Positive Positive I have got some money I have some money You have got some money You have some money We have got some money We have some money They have got some money They have some money He has got some money He has some money She has got some money She has some money It has got some money It has some money Negative Negative I havent got any money I dont have any money You havent got any money You dont have any money We havent got any money We dont have any money They havent got any money They dont have any money He hasnt got any money He doesnt have any money She hasnt got any money She doesnt have any money It hasnt got any money It doesnt have any money Questions Questions Have I got any money? Do I have any money? Have you got any money? Do you have any money? Have we got any money? Do we have any money?Have they got any money? Do they have any money? Has he got any money? Does he have any money? Has she got any money? Does she have any money? Has it got any money? Does it have any money? How much money have you got? How much money do you have? How many credit cards have I got? How many credit cards do I have? Short answers Short answersYes, I have. No, I havent.

Yes, I do. No I dont. Yes, she has. No, she hasnt.

Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.

Тема 8 Past Continuous Progressive Tense Прошедшее продолженное время Настоящее Продолженное Время употребляется для обозначения действия, которое продолжалось какое-то время в прошлом в момент другого действия, выраженного, как правило, в прошедшем простом времени.

Образуется прошедшее продолженное время при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в прошедшем времени и ing формы смыслового глагола.

Сравните Настоящее продолженное Прошедшее продолженноеHe is sleeping now. He was sleeping when I came. Он спит сейчас.

Он спал, когда я пришел.

I am reading now. I was reading when he phoned. Я читаю сейчас. Я читал, когда он позвонил. They are having dinner now. They were having dinner at 7 last night. Они обедают сейчас. Они обедали в 7 часов вечера вчера. Вопросительная и отрицательная формы образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола was were. Например He was watching TV when she came. Was he watching TV when she came? He was not watching TV when she came. What was he doing when she came? What was he watching when she came? Упражнения на закрепление. 1. Задайте вопросы по образцу Steve usually cleans his suit on Saturdays. when Jeff phoned Was Steve cleaning his suit when Jeff phoned? 1. Ann usually cooks dinner at 7 oclock. when Peter phoned 2. Jill usually goes to the library every evening. when we saw her 3. Liz plays the violin every day. when mother came home 4. Mr Brown reads his newspaper after supper. when the telephone rang 5. She usually does her homework in the afternoon. when Ann opened the door 6. Jane sometimes drinks coffee with Mike. when her husband saw them 2. Переведите диалог и обратите внимание на использование настоящего продолженного времени.

Thomas is a student.

He s staying with the Taylors, an English family. Thomas Hello, Mrs Taylor. Can you help me? I m doing my homework and I can t understand this word. Mrs Taytor Which one? Oh thats difficult.

I can t help you now I m watching something Thomas Oh? What are you watching? Mrs Taylor I m watching a cowboy film. Thomas Can Mr Taylor help me? Mrs Taylor No, he can t now, Thomas. He s reading. Thomas What s he reading? Mrs Taytor He s reading a magazine. Thomas What about Kate? Mrs Taylor Oh, she can t help you now she s phoning someone. Thomas Oh? Who s she phoning? Mrs Taylor She s phoning her boyfriend you re asking a lot of questions tonight, Thomas! Thomas Am I Well, I am practicing my English! Напишите, что делали все члены семьи Тейлор в то время, когда Томас просил ему помочь.

Переделайте настоящее продолженное время в прошедшее продолженное. Например When Thomas asked Mrs Taylor to help him, she was watching a cowboy film. 3. Используя образец, напишите 7 вопросов и ответьте на них. What are Jill and John doing They are playing tennis. 1. Mr Smith his car 2. Mary a letter 3. Mr and Mrs Jones television 4. Bob a letter 5. Arthur and Mike a box 6. Mrs Brown the dishes 7. Tony beer drinking watching carrying writing typing cleaning washing Предлоги.

Времени. at 8 oclock 10.30 midnight etc. I start work at 8 oclock. The shops close at 5.30 p.m. on Sunday s 25 April New years Day Goodbye! See you on Friday. I dont work on Sundays. The concert is on 22 November In April June 1985 1750 the summer spring Im going on holiday in October. Jill left school in 1995. The garden is lovely in spring also at the weekend at night at Christmas Easter at the end of at the moment in the morning in the afternoon in the evening but on Monday morning on Friday evening, etc. Are you going away at the weekend I cant sleep at night In Britain children get presents at Christmas Im going on holiday at the end of October Are you busy at the moment I always feel good in the morning Do you often go out in the evening Im meeting Jill on Monday morning Are you doing anything on Friday? in five minutes in a few days in six weeks in two years etc Hurry! The train leaves in five minutes Goodbye.

Ill see you in a few days. at on in We do not use at on in before this this morning this week every every day every week last last August last week next next Monday next week - Theyre going on holiday next Monday Last summer we went to Scotland.

THE PAST PERFECT TENSE Прошедшее законченное время The Past Perfect Tense Прошедшее законченное время употребляется для выражения прошедшего действия, которое произошло до другого действия в прошлом или которое закончилось в прошлом к определенному моменту.

Например I had already had dinner when they arrived. Я уже пообедал, когда они прибыли. He had finished his work by 2 oclock yesterday. Он уже закончил работу к 2 часам вчера. Образуется Прошедшее законченное время при помощи прошедшей формы вспомогательного глагола to have и причастия 2 третьей формы cмыслового глагола. Вопросительная форма образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола had Had she taken that bag before you asked her? Had they done the shopping by 3 p.m. yesterday? Why had she told him everything before his wife saw them? Отрицательная форма Прошедшего законченного времени образуется при помощи отрицательной частицы not, которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола had The post had not arrived when she went downstairs.

Упражнения. 1. Перепишите предложения в прошедшем законченном времени, сделав все необходимые изменения 1. I am not hungry. I have already had dinner. 2. He is not tired. He has already had a sleep. 3. She is not busy. She has already done her homework. 4. She doesnt take the umbrella.

The rain has already stopped. 5. They are not in a hurry. The train has already left. 6. We do not have to take a taxi. The car has already come. 2. Переведите на английский язык. 1. Когда я попросил Аню напечатать письмо, она сказала, что она его уже отпечатала. 2. Она сказала мне свое имя после того, как он ушел. 3. Когда они прибыли, спектакль уже начался. 4. Он уже изучал экономику до того, как уехал из Англии. 5. Он поблагодарил меня за то, что я для него сделал. 6. Когда они пришли на станцию, поезд уже отошел. 7. Она не узнала его, потому что никогда не видела его раньше Тема 9