ENGLISH LETTERS’ MEANING: CONSONANTS
| LETTER | MEANING(S) | EXAMPLES | ||
| Bb | [b] | Boy, baby | ||
| Cc | [s] – before e, i, y [k] [∫] | City, cycle Come , cat Machine, musician, delicious | ||
| Dd | [d] – after vowels & voiced consonants in endings [t] – after voiceless consonants in endings | Played, rained Stopped, watched | ||
| Ff | [f] [v] | Fine, film of | ||
| Gg | [dʒ] – before e, i, y [g] [ʒ] | Gym, gentle, angel Game, grow !!!girl Garage, rouge, beige | ||
| Hh | [h] | Hello, hamster | ||
| Jj | [dʒ] | Jane, joy | ||
| Kk | [k] | Kettle, kitchen | ||
| Ll | [l] | Lemon, little | ||
| Mm | [m] | Money, mirror | ||
| Nn | [n] | Nose, novel | ||
| Pp | [p] | Pepper, pick | ||
| [k] | Quarrel, quality | |||
| Rr | [r] | Right, reality | ||
| Ss | [s] – at the beginning of words, after voiceless consonants in endings [z] – after vowels & voiced consonants [∫] [ʒ] | Son, stops, caps Vases, mends, advertise Shelf, insurance Measure, pleasure, usual | ||
| Tt | [t] [t∫] [∫] | Take, water Nature, future, picture Nation, education, initial, ambition | ||
| Vv | [v] | Van, cover | ||
| Ww | [w] | Wood, wet | ||
| Xx | [ks] [k∫][gz] [gʒ] – before a stressed vowel | Box, fox Luxury luxurious Luxury | ||
| Zz | [z] | Zero, zebra | ||
READING OF “c, g, j”
Ex. 1 Read the words according to the rules:
| college scoff science cyclist screen occupy cinema scenery soccer canteen success | get gallery German give general begin goal genus | jar judge jelly join joke |
Ex. 2 Put the words into the right column:
| [k] | [s] | [g] | [d3] |
Cc: biscuit, cake, can, cap, car, cat, carpet, carry, chocolate, cinema, city, class, clean, clear, clerk, clever, clock, close, coat, come, concert, cook, cool, count, cousin, cow, cucumber, cup, cure, dance, December, doctor, face, race, factory, ice-cream, pencil, picture, place, quick, second, secretary, uncle.
Gg: august, begin, finger, flag, game, garden, get, girl, give, go, good, goose, grandfather, grass, great, green, grey, ground, jug, jungle, large, leg, orange, page, pig, porridge, tiger, village, engineer, giraffe, cage, German, together, forget, egg, dog, again, agree, angry, England, hungry, glass.
Ex. 3 Find the odd word:
1. cap, candle, centre, cosy, council.
2. gold, gum, gossip, game, give.
3. curriculum, century, ceramic, circle, cycle.
4. gentle, gerund, giant, gymnast, get.
5. cake, call, cease, cause.
6. gas, gentleman, ginger, gymnastics.
7. get, gain, give, begin.
8. scissors, scientific, scarf, scene.
Ex. 4 Transcribe the words:
Game, genius, gift, goddess, ginger, gather.
Cosmos, coffee, circus, cell, scooter, circle, scent, score, scientist, occasion.
Job, justice, jump, July, jungle, journalist.