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1. What are the characteristic features of informational (formal) ( style? Analyse and read extracts exemplifying this style. Take ', into account the tone-marks provided. Do you agree that both extracts can be said to belong to the same variety?
2. Speak on the most essential characteristics of the academic kind of lecturing. Analyse and read the lecture presented under the heading of 'Scientific (Academic) Style'. Why is the lecturer trying to obtain a balance between formality and informality? What evidence is there that he is trying to do so?
3. Analyse and read the extract exemplifying scientific prose. Compare it with the lecture given above. Attempt to make as full list as possible of the linguistic similarities and differences. How do you account for the differences? Do you agree that both oral texts can be said to belong to the same style?
4. Compare the intonation of reading serious descriptive prose (declamatory style) with that of reading scientific prose (scientific style). Identify and account for the similarities and dif-— ferences. ■
5. How does a novelist tiy to reflect conversation? Discuss the f
way in which the author provides us with clues as to how ih«< speech of the characters should be interpreted. Analyse .mil read the extract from "Eating People is Wrong" by M. Hi ail bury (declamatory style). In what way does this conversation differ from the natural speech of living people, described un der the heading of 'Familiar. (Conversational) Style' ? What phonostylistic information is left out of the printed version?
6. Compare two types of public speaking: political speech-making (publicistic style) and the academic kind of lecturing (scientific style). Identify and account for the similarities and differences. Read the extract from a political speech in accordance with the tone-marks provided.
7. Why does familiar (conversational) style allow the occurrence
of the entire range of intonation patterns existing in English?
8. How do you account for the differences between telephone
and non-telephone conversational situations? Read the dia
logic texts exemplifying both. Compare them in terms of .hes
itation phenomena. What constraints does the absence of vis
ual contact between speaker and hearer impose on the kind
of linguistic and extra-linguistic features used?
Part Seven