1. Suppose that a fellow-student pronounces the Russian {è] in
stead of the English (ij. Keeping in mind what you know
about the articulation of the English vowel tell him what to do
to eliminate the error.
Do the same if you hear the Russian [û] instead of the English
[«J-
2. Is the vowel [i) longer in lit or in 7/d?
3. Suppose a fellow-student pronounces the Russian [ý] instead of the English [ej. What would you tell him to do in order to correct the sound?
4. What advice would you give a fellow-student who does not make the vowels [i] and [e] checked and short enough in the words sitter and letter?
5. We call [i] close and (ae) open. Can you explain why?
6. Suppose your fellow-student pronounces the Russian (ý) instead of the English [ae]. Is it a phonetic or a phonological mistake? Give him advice how to change the Russian [ý| for the English [ae]. 1
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7. How would you help your fellow-student if he says set instead of sat? Is this mistake phonetic or phonological?
8. Give examples where [aej is the longest.
9. What articulatory features of the vowel sounds differentiate the meaning of the words sir — sef — sat?
10. We call (aej front and (a;) back. Can you explain why?
11. Suppose a fellow-student pronounces the Russian [aj instead of the English jcc). Is it a phonetic or a phonological mistake? Keeping in mind what you know about the English vowel [a] tell him how to change the articulation.
12. Give examples to illustrate that [a:] is not equally long in different phonetic contexts.
13. If [a-J is too long and not checked in the word cart the mistake is called phonetic. Can you explain why?
14. What articulation exercises would you recommend for the vowel [a:]?
15. What articulation exercises would you recommend for the English vowel |d] ?
16. Suppose your fellow-student pronounces the Russian [o] instead of the English [oj. Is it a phonetic or a phonological. mistake? What would you tell him to do with the tongue, the jaws and the lips in order to change (oj to [d]?
17. We call [d] open and [i] close. Can you explain why?
18. Is [oj checked and shorter in nod or in not?
19. What articulation exercises would you recommend for [ý:[?
20. What mistakes would your fellow-student probably make in the pronunciation of the vowel [d:J?
21. What would you recommend a Russian learner of English if he substitutes the English (ý.) by the Russian [oj ? Is this mistake phonetic or phonological ?
22. What advice regarding length would you give a fellow-student who is to pronounce the following word sequence: bore — board — bought?
23. If the word port sounds as (pot], is the mistake phonetic or phonological?
24. What articulatory features of the vowel differentiate the words port and pot?
25. Why is the vowel [uj called back-advanced?
26. What articulation exercises would you recommend for [o] ?
27. What advice regarding lip position and tongue position
would you give your fellow-student who pronounces the
Russian [yj instead of the English [o] ?
28. In order to help your fellow-student to make the vowel [u]
checked and short enough in the word book what would you
recommend him to do?
29. Suppose a Russian learner of English pronounces the word
luck as [lark]. Is this mistake phonetic or phonological?
Keeping in mind what you know about the articulation of
the vowels [a] and [a] tell him what articulatory features dif
ferentiate the words lark and luck.
30. How would you help your fellow-student not to confuse the
English [ë] and the Russian [a] ?
31. What mistake would a Russian learner of English probably
make in the articulation of the vowel [a] in the word supper?
32. Suppose you teach a Russian the articulation of the vowel
[ç:]. In order to help him to produce the correct sound what
would you tell him to do with his tongue, his jaws, his lips?
33. How would you help a Russian learner who substitutes the
English [ç:] by the Russian [o:] or [ý:)? Is this mistake pho
netic or phonological?
34. Is there any vowel in Russian similar to the English [ç:].
35. What is the difference between the neutral vowel in the final
and in the non-final position?
36. What mistakes can Russian learners probably make in the articulation of the neutral vowel?
37. What articulation exercises would you recommend for the vowel [i:]?
38. How would your fellow-student probably pronounce the Eng-
lish [i:] ? What would you tell him to do not to confuse the English [i:] with the Russian [è]?
39. Keeping in mind what you know about the articulation of the vowels (lj and [i:] say what articulatory features differentiate the words sit and seat.
40. Give examples to show variations in length of the vowel [i:] in
different positions.
41. What articulation exercises would you recommend for the vowel [u:]?
42. What is similar in the articulation of the vowels [u:J and [i:J?
43. Tell your fellow-student what to do not to confuse the words pool and pulH Suppose he does so, is the mistake phonetic or phonological?
44. In what position is the vowel [u:J the shortest?
45. What similarity can be traced in the articulation of the vowels
[ë] and [u], [d] and [a:], [e] and [ç:], [i:] and [e], [ç:] and [ý]?