1. has come into its own — ñòàë ñîâåðøåííî ñàìîñòîÿòåëüíûì
2. while catching up fast in other respects — è øèðîêî ïðèìåíÿåòñÿ â äðóãèõ îáëàñòÿõ òåõíèêè
3. an electron missing — íåäîñòàþùèé ýëåêòðîí
EXERCISES:
1. Review questions:
1. What is a transistor? 2. What do transistors replace? 3. What are two most frequently used varieties of semiconductors? 4. What structure do germanium and silicon have? 5. Why is a pure germanium crystal practically called a non-conductor? 6. When do the current-conducting characteristics of the germanium crystal change? 7. What procedure is known as doping? 8. What is n-type germanium? 9. What is an acceptor atom? 10. What is p-type germanium?
2. Translate the international words without a dictionary:
situation, procedure, variety, popular, neutral, crystalline, mobile, equivalent, trivalent, real, practically, radically
3. Explain what meanings prefixes and suffixes give to the following words and translate the words:
remainder, collector, carrier, amplifier, detector, semiconductor, emitter, rectifier, unfavourable, independent, impurity, non-metallic, recombination, mover, movement, movable, specify, loosely