1. Great Britain – a constitutional monarchy.
2. The organs of government in the United Kingdom are:
a) the legislature;
b) the executive;
c) the judiciary.
THE ENGLISH JUDICIAL SYSTEM
I. Read and learn the following words and phrases:
at present – â íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ
judicial – ñóäåáíûé
system – ñèñòåìà
basically – ãëàâíûì îáðàçîì
pyramidal – ïèðàìèäàëüíûé
top – âåðøèíà
pyramid – ïèðàìèäà
final appellate tribunal – êîíå÷íûé àïåëëÿöèîííûé ñóä
the House of Lords – ïàëàòà ëîðäîâ
beneath – íèæå
the Court of Appeal – àïåëëÿöèîííûé ñóä
to hear – ñëóøàòü (ñóäåáíîå äåëî)
to hear cases – ñëóøàòü ñóäåáíûå äåëà
both ... and – êàê ..., òàê è
criminal appeal – àïåëëÿöèÿ ïî óãîëîâíîìó äåëó
civil appeal – àïåëëÿöèÿ ïî ãðàæäàíñêîìó äåëó
separate – îòäåëüíûé
trial court – ñóä ïåðâîé èíñòàíöèè
case – ñóäåáíîå äåëî
the other – äðóãîé
side – ñòîðîíà
the High Court – âûñîêèé ñóä
the County Court – ñóä ãðàôñòâà
the Crown Court – óãîëîâíûé ñóä ïðèñÿæíûõ
the Magistrates’ Court – ìàãèñòðàòñêèé ñóä, ìèðîâîé ñóä
justice – ñóäüÿ
judge – ñóäüÿ
barrister – áàððèñòåð (àäâîêàò, èìåþùèé ïðàâî âûñòóïàòü â âûñøèõ ñóäàõ)
outside – çà ïðåäåëàìè
a few – íåñêîëüêî
large – êðóïíûé
city – ãîðîä
magistrate – ñóäüÿ; ìèðîâîé ñóäüÿ
layman – ñóäüÿ áåç þðèäè÷åñêîãî îáðàçîâàíèÿ
to sit – çàñåäàòü
occasionally – âðåìÿ îò âðåìåíè; èçðåäêà
to try cases – ðàññìàòðèâàòü äåëà
full-time – øòàòíûé
stipendiary magistrate – ñóäüÿ, ïîëó÷àþùèé æàëîâàíüå
legal – þðèäè÷åñêèé
training – îáðàçîâàíèå
II. Read the text: