Part I
1. Match the following words (1, 2, 3) and their definitions (a, b, c):
| a | practical application of scientific knowledge in the design, construction and control of machines |
| b | a machine with moving parts that produces energy (heat, electricity) |
| c | a person who designs, builds, maintains engines, bridges, buildings, etc … |
| Engine | ||
| Engineer | ||
| Engineering |
2. Translate the following sentences into Russian:
| 1. | This car has got a new engine. |
| 2. | This bridge is the best example of modern engineering. |
| 3. | She’s studying engineering at the University. |
| 4. | He got an engineering degree last year. |
| 5. | There are three main areas in Engineering. |
| 6. | This is the best engineer in this field. |
| 7. | These students are going to become engineers. |
| 8. | Something has happened to the engine – it’s not working. |
3. Read the following headlines (A, B, C and D). What do you think each paragraph will be about?
| A | Engineers use a method |
| B | Anyone can use engineering ideas |
| C | Engineering is everywhere |
| D | Engineering is both theoretical and practical |
4. Read the following text and match the headings (A, B, C and D) from ex.3 to its parts (1, 2, 3 and 4):
| 1. __________________ |
| Almost everything we use in modern life is made by engineers. For example, if a manufacturer wants a faster car, a smaller personal stereo, or a better pen, they will ask a design engineer to find a practical solution. |
| 2. __________________ |
| Engineers use theory (ideas about engineering) to produce practical answers. The design solution must be a reasonable price, safe, and reliable. A new idea that is expensive, dangerous, or doesn’t always work is not a good solution. |
| 3. __________________ |
| Generally, engineers solve problems in a methodical way. Engineers: - define the problem, - design a solution, - test the solution, - evaluate the solution. If the solution isn’t right, the process is repeated. When a good solution is found, the next step is to: - communicate the solution. |
| 4. __________________ |
| This method of problem-solving is useful in everyday life. For example, you can use the five steps next time you prepare for a test. 1. Define the problem: I want to pass my test next week. 2. Design a solution: I will study for three hours a day. 3. Test the solution: Study for three hours a day and take the test. 4. Evaluate the solution: Have I passed the test with a good mark? Yes = a good solution. No = a bad solution, so think of a better one. 5. Communicate the solution: Tell your friends about your test-passing technique. |
* (the text is from: “Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 1, pg.2, ex.3
5. Read the text again and decide if the sentences (1, 2, 3 and 4) are true (T) or false (F):
| Lots of things are made by engineers. | T | F | |
| Engineering isn’t practical. | T | F | |
| Engineers must think carefully. | T | F | |
| Only engineers can solve problems. | T | F |
* (“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 1, pg.2, ex.4)
6. Read the text again and match the highlighted words with the meanings (1, 2, 3 … 8)
| plan | careful, step-by-step | |||||
| cost much money | assess the success of | |||||
| a business | normal | |||||
| answer | say exactly |
* (“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 1, pg.2, ex.5)
7. Read the text again and find the English equivalents to the following expressions:
- … ñîâðåìåííàÿ æèçíü …
- … íàéòè ïðàêòè÷åñêîå ðåøåíèå …
- … êîíêðåòíûå (ïðàêòè÷åñêèå) ðåøåíèÿ …
- … ðàçóìíàÿ ñòîèìîñòü …
- … íåâåðíîå ðåøåíèå …
- … ðåøàòü ïðîáëåìû …
- … îïðåäåëèòü ïðîáëåìó…
- … ðàçðàáîòàòü ðåøåíèå …
- … ïðîâåñòè èñïûòàíèå …
- …îöåíèòü ðåçóëüòàò …
- … ñëåäóþùèé øàã ê …
- … ïîâñåäíåâíàÿ æèçíü …
8. Match the following words:
| the solution engineers solution carefully way problems technique price the problem a solution life a method | |||||||
| a practical | think | ||||||
| methodical | solve | ||||||
| define | everyday | ||||||
| design | test-passing | ||||||
| reasonable | evaluate | ||||||
| made by | use |