TOURISM AND ITS HISTORY

Tourism can be defined as the act of travel for the purpose of recre­ation, and the provision of services for this act. A tourist is someone who

Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê äëÿ òóðáèçíåñà è ñåðâèñà

travels at least eighty kilometres (fifty miles) from home for the purpose of recreation, as defined by the World Jourism Organization (a United Nations body).

A more comprehensive definition would be that tourism is a service industry, comprising a number of tangible and intangible components. The tangible elements include transport systems — air, rail, road, water and now, space; hospitality services — accommodation, foods and bev­erages, tours, souvenirs; and related services such as banking, insurance and safety & security. The intangible elements include: rest and relax­ation, culture, escape, adventure, new and different experiences.

Many sovereignties, along with their respective countries and states, depend heavily upon travel expenditures by foreigners as a source of tax­ation and income for the enterprises that sell (export) services to these travellers. Consequently the development of tourism is often a strategy employed either by a Non-governmental organization (NGO) or a gov­ernmental agency to promote a particular region for the purpose of in­creasing commerce through exporting goods and services to non-locals.

Sometimes "Tourism" and "Travel" are used interchangeably. In this context "travel" has a similar definition to "tourism", but implies a more purposeful journey.

The term "tourism" is sometimes used pejoratively, implying a shal­low interest in the societies and natural wonders that the tourist visits.