This fifty-six (1)… office tower uses a simple and efficient form for resisting wind forces on high-rise buildings.
The central (2)… of the building contains the lifts and all services. Between the core and the outside, a clear 40 ft wide space is used for (3)…. The exterior skin is a double-glazed (4)… wall set in a grid of aluminium mullions and spandrels.
The building structure (5)… columns on the external wall at 25 ft centres with spandrel beams (ðèãåëüíàÿ áàëêà) at a floor to floor height of 12 ft 6in. Diagonal members are incorporated into the wall and intersect with the columns every four floors. (6)… a large horizontal bracing member connecting the two diagonals at these levels. Under gravity load the member acts as a tie, helping to (7)… the gravity load evenly between all the columns and the diagonals. This in turn means that the external columns can all be of a similar size. Under (8)… load the diagonal members are prevented from going into tension by the gravity load on them. A stub girder floor system is used in which the concrete (9)… and metal deck are separated from the bottom girder with stub pieces. The stubs have shear connectors on their top to ensure (10)… with the slab.