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Bound morphemes (связанные морфемы)

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Bound morphemes (связанные морфемы)

Bound morphemes (связанные морфемы) - раздел Образование, Morphological structure of the word Bound Morphemes Cannot Form Words By Themselves, They Are Identified Only As ...

Bound morphemes cannot form words by themselves, they are identified only as component segmental parts of words. Free morphemes can build up words by themselves.

Example:

handful

the root hand is a free morpheme

the suffix -ful is a bound morpheme.

There are very few productive bound morphemes in the morphological system of English. Most of them are homonymous:

1) the morpheme -(e)s [-z, -s, -iz]: the plural of nouns, the possessive case of nouns, the third person singular present of verbs;

2) the morpheme -(e)d [-d, -t, -id]: the past and past participle of verbs;

3) the morpheme -ing: the gerund and present participle;

4) the the morphemes -er, -est: the comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs.

The auxiliary word-morphemes do, be, have, will, shall, would, should, adverbial elements more, most, the infinitive particle to, articles can be called ‘semi-bound’ (полусвязанные) morphemes, since, being used as separate elements of speech strings, they form categorial unities with their notional stem-words.

II) according to formal presentation (формальная представленность)

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Morphological structure of the word

Contrastive distribution... Non contrastive... Free morphemes свободные морфемы Bound morphemes...

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Все темы данного раздела:

Morphological structure of the word
2.1. Morphology: definition. The notion of morpheme. Morphology (Gr. morphe – form, and logos – word) is a branch of gramm

Distributional Types of Morphemes
The distribution of a unit is the total of all its environments; in other words, the distribution of a unit is its environment in generalised terms of classes or categories.

Complementary distribution (дополнительная дистрибуция).
The morphs are said to be in contrastive distribution if their meanings (functions) are different. Such morphs constitute different morphemes. Example: the suffixes

Covert morphemes (скрытые)
Overt morphemes are explicit not zeroed morphemes building up words. Covert morphemes are implicit morphemes, i.d. a morpheme having no explicit representation in the actual expression (a contrasti

Replacive morphemes (субституционные).
Additive morphemes are outer grammatical suffixes, since, as a rule, they are opposed to the absence of morphemes in grammatical alternation. look+ed; small+er, The root

Discontinuous morphemes (прерывные).
The continuous morpheme is an uninterrupted string of phonemes building up a morpheme. The discontinuous morpheme is a grammatical unit built up of an interrupted string of phonemes. It is

Morphological structure of the word
1) Be ready to define the following terms: morphology, morpheme, zero morphemes, marginal morphemes, central morphemes, root

Morphs and Allomorphs
The linguist who has completed a phonemic analysis of a language ... is in about the position a chemist would be in when he had succeeded in isolating the elements. We have somewhat of an advantage

Morphemes
With the recognition of the uniquely occurring morphs and their association in sets of identical allomorphs, we have made a good start toward moving up the ladder of linguistic structure to the nex

Inflection and Derivation
So far we have distinguished 2 principal types of morphemes: bases, like [rat], and affixes, which are either prefixes, like [re-], or suffixes, like [-es]. Before we ca

Types of Morphemes as Determined by Their Distribution
The distribution of morphemes differentiates a great many classes of morphemes and combinations of morphemes: a) bound vs. free, b) roots vs. nonroots, c) roots vs. stems, d) nuclei vs. nonnuclei,