Dependent.

The dependent grammatical meaning is the meaning of a subclass within the same part of speech. For instance, any verb possesses the dependent grammatical meaning of transitivity/intransitivity, terminativeness/non-terminativeness, stativeness/non-stativeness; nouns have the dependent grammatical meaning of contableness/uncountableness and animateness/inanimateness. The most important thing about the dependent grammatical meaning is that it influences the realization of grammatical categories restricting them to a subclass. Thus the dependent grammatical meaning of countableness/uncountableness influences the realization of the grammatical category of number as the number category is realized only within the subclass of countable nouns, the grammatical meaning of animateness/inanimateness influences the realization of the grammatical category of case, teminativeness/non-terminativeness - the category of tense, transitivity/intransitivity – the category of voice.

Categorial grammatical meanings are the most general meanings rendered by language and expressed by systemic correlations of word-forms. These forms are identified within definite paradigmatic series.

The categorial meaning (e.g. the grammatical number) unites the individual meanings of the correlated paradigmatic forms (e.g. singular — plural) and is exposed through them.

The grammatical category is a system of expressing a generalised grammatical meaning by means of paradigmatic correlation of grammatical forms. The grammatical category presents a unity of form and meaning.

Grammatical categories are made up by the unity of identical grammatical meanings that have the same form (e.g. singular-plural). Grammatical categories correlate, on the one hand, with the conceptual categories and, on the other hand, with the objective reality. Thus we may define grammatical categories as references of the corresponding objective categories. For example, the objective category of time finds its representation in the grammatical category of tense, the objective category of quantity finds its representation in the grammatical category of number. Those grammatical categories that have references in the objective reality are called referential grammatical categories. However, not all of the grammatical categories have references in the objective reality, just a few of them do not correspond to anything in the objective reality. Significational categories correlate only with conceptual matters. To this type belong the categories of mood (its conceptual correlate is modality) and degree.

The grammatical categories can be

1) immanent – innate for a given class of words (the category of number is organically connected with the functional nature of the noun)

2) reflective – categories of a secondary, derivative semantic value(the category of number in the verb; the verbal number is not a quantitative characterisation of the process, but a numerical featuring of the subject-referent).

Grammatical categories can also be divided into;

1) constant (unchangeable, derivational) – the category of gender, which divides the class of English nouns into non-human names, human male names, human female names, and human common gender names.

2) variable (changeable, demutative) –substantive number (singular – plural) or the degrees of comparison (positive – comparative – superlative).

Some marginal categorial forms may acquire intermediary status, being located in-between the corresponding categorial poles. For instance, the nouns singularia tantum and pluralia tantum present a case of hybrid variable-constant formations, since their variable feature of number has become ‘rigid’, or ‘lexicalised’ (news, advice, progress; people, police; bellows, tongs; colours, letters; etc.).

The gender word-building pairs should be considered as a clear example of hybrid constant-variable formations, since their constant feature of gender has acquired some changeability properties, i.e. has become to a certain extent ‘grammaticalised’ (actor — actress, author — authoress, lion — lioness, etc.).