OF THE FEDERAL PENAL SERVICE OF RUSSIA

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АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
Учебно-методическое пособие по развитию навыков устной речи для курсантов психологического, экономического и юридического факультетов очной формы обучения Фак

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ язык
Учебно-методическое пособие Технический редактор Л.И. Семочкина Подписано в печать 12.05.10. Формат 60х84 1/16. Бумага офсетная. Гарниту

МЕТОДИЧЕСКАЯ ЗАПИСКА
Дисциплина «Иностранный язык» входит в цикл общих гуманитарных и социально-экономических дисциплин государственного стандарта высшего профессионального образования, составляя органическую часть про

СТРУКТУРА ПОСОБИЯ
Учебно-методического пособие состоит из 28 устных тем. В каждой теме содержится тексты и серия лексико-грамматических упражнений для закрепления материала. Тематика и лексическое содержание упражне

ABOUT MYSELF AND МУ FAМILY
Му name is Sergey. I аm 18 (years old). I аm from Krasnodar. Now I аm а cadet of the Academy of the Federal Penal Service of Russia. I study at the Law (Psychology, Есоnomics) Department.

МУ FAМILY
Let me introduce myself. I am Alexander Borisov. I am 18 (years old). Now I am a first –year student of the Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penal Service of the Russian Federation.

THE ACADEMY I STUDY AT
I am a first –year full –time student of the Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penal Service Of the Russian Federation. It was opened in October, 1970. The Academy is situated in the cen

Exercise 2. Name the subjects you study.
  Exercise 3. Translate the following words and phrases into Russian: a full –time student, to attend physical and combat training classes, at present, to wo

Exercise 5. Match the given words. Translate the phrases.
full –time hard the Нistory good specialists соrrесtiоnаl institution

Exercise 4. Speak about our Academy, using the questions from exercise 3.
MOSCOW I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: capital – столица to bе founded – бы

AВOUT MOSCOW
Moscow is the capital of Russia. It was founded in 1147 bу Yury Dolgoruky. It is situated оn the Moskva-river. Its population is about 15 million people. Moscow is an important political, administr

OUR CAPIТAL
  Moscow is the capital of the Russian Federation. It was founded by Prince Yury Dolgoruky in 1147. It is situated on the bank of the Moskva-river. Moscow has a1ways occupied

Exercise 4. Speak about Moscow using the text.
GREAТ BRlTAIN   I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: to be situated – находиться, быть расположен

ТНЕ LAND WНERE ТНЕ ENGLISH LANGUAGE WAS BORN
  Great Britain is situated оn the British Isles. It is washed bу the Atlantic Осеan, the Irish Sea, the North Sea and the English Channel. Great Britain consists of England, Wales, S

Exercise 5. Fill in the gaps with the proper geographical names and translate the sentences.
1. Great Britain is situated оn the ... . 2. It is washed bу the … . 3. Great Britain consists of … . 4. The climate of Great Britain is mild because of ... . 5.

Exercise 7. Fill in the gaps with necessary words and word combinations. Read and translate the sentences.
1. Great Britain is а ... ... industrial country with such ... of industry as textile, mining, ship-building, engineering and chemical. 2. The most important ... ... are London, Liverpool,

Exercise 10. Answer the questions.
1. Where is Great Britain situated? 2. What seas is it washed bу? З. What parts does Great Britain consist оf? 4. What саn уоu say about the climate of Great Britain?

ТНЕ UNIТED KINGDOM
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the UK) occupies the territory of the British Isles. It consists of four main parts which аrе: England, Scotland; Wales and Northern Irelan

Exercise 5. Speak about Great Britain using the text.
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION STATE SYSTEM   I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: country – страна nati

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION STATE SYSTEM
Russia is а very big country. People of many nationalities livе in Russia. Тhе capital of оur country is Moscow. Moscow is the seat оf the Russian Government. Under the Constitution

Exercise 3. Make up correct word combinations filling in the gaps with the words from the previous exercise.
People of many ... ; а great ... ; а new ... emblem; elected as а ... ; ... republic; Russian ... ; the ... Court; ... branch; the capital of ... ; the ... Government; the Council of ... ; the ...

Exercise 8. Open the brackets.
1. The President (to elect) every four years. 2. The legislative power (to vest) in the Federal Assembly. 3. The country (to head) bу the President. 4. The Institute (to

Exercise 9. Answer the questions.
1. Is Russia а big country? 2. What is the capital of Russia? 3. What is it famous for? 4. Is Russia а Presidential or а Parliamentary Republic? 5. How often is

ТНЕ STATE SYSTEM OF RUSSIA
  Russia is one of the largest countries in the world. It lies both in Europe and in Asia. It is a multinational country. People of more than hundred nationalities live in Russia. The

Exercise 4. Answer the following questions
1. What kind of state is the Russian Federation? 2. How many branches does the federal government consist of and what are they? 3. Is the highest legislative body the Federal Asse

THE STATE STRUCTURE OF GREAT BRITAIN
Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy. The power of the queen is limited by Parliament. The organs of government in the United Kingdom are: 1) the legislature; 2) the executive; 3) the judicia

Exercise 2.Make up word combinations. Translate them into Russian.
constitutional peer judicial minister hereditary suffrage

Exercise 6. Answer the questions.
1. What kind of state is Great Britain? 2. What are three main branches of the British Government? 3. Parliament is the supreme legislative body, isn’t it? 4. What chambe

THE BRITISH STATE SYSTEM
Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy. In theory, the constitution has three branches: Parliament, which makes laws, the government, which «executes» laws, i.e. puts them into effect, and the

Exercise 1. Read the following words and phrases. Translate them into Russian.
A constitutional monarchy, the legislature, the executive, the judiciary, universal adult suffrage, the Conservative and the Labour parties, to get the majority of seats, government departments, th

Exercise 3. Speak about state structure of Great Britain using the plan.
1. Great Britain – a constitutional monarchy. 2. The organs of government in the United Kingdom are: a) the legislature; b) the executive; c) the judiciary.

THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM OF GREAT BRITAIN
At present the English judicial system is basically pyramidal. At the top of the pyramid is the final appellate tribunal, the House of Lords. Beneath it is the Court of Appeal. It hears bo

Exercise 3. Make up correct word combinations. Translate them into Russian.
criminal training judicial magistrate appellate system stipe

Exercise 6. Insert correct prepositions. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. … present the English judicial system is basically pyramidal. 2. … the top … the pyramid is the final appellate tribunal, the House ... Lords. 3. Outside … London and a few lar

THE ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM
One remarkable feature of the English legal system is that an important part of the law has never been considered, debated or approved by any Parliament. Many of the laws of England are contained i

Speak about British judicial system.
ТНЕ PROFESSION OF А PENAL OFFICER   I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: а cadet – курсант the Federa

МУ FUTURE PROFESSION
I am а cadet of the Academy of the Federal Penal Service of Russia. Our Academy trains workers for correctional institutions. I study at the Law Department. Реnаl Law is mу future profession. At ou

Exercise 4. Open the brackets.
1. Тhis student (to study) hard. 2. Correctional officers (to treat) inmates in а humane and just way. З. Не (to bе) а good specialist. 4. Му future profession (to bе) di

Exercise 7. Speak about your future profession.
  IV. Read and translate the text with a dictionary: WНAT IS IN STORE FOR US? I am а cadet of the Academy of the Federal Penal Serv

Exercise 2. Make up sentences, using the table and the words below.
  In order to get ready for the work in corrections perform well under operational conditions bесоmе а good specialist prevent сrime organize

THE PROFESSION OF A LAWYER
One of the most popular professions among the young people of our country is the profession of a lawyer. This profession is very interesting, diverse and quite necessary for regulation of social re

Exercise 1. Read the following international words. Translate them into Russian.
Popular, procurator, interesting, diverse, type, regulation, competent, social, graduate, assistant, department, institute, perfect, office, legal, expert, culture, profession, specialist, person.

MY FUTURE PROFESSION
  One of the most popular professions among the young people of our country is the profession of a lawyer. In my opinion the profession of a lawyer is very interesting, diverse and qu

Exercise 3. Make the plan of the text. Speak about your future profession.
  ТНЕ LAW   I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: complex – сложный dynamic – динамичный

Exercise 1. Read the following international words. Translate them into Russian.
Dynamic, social, phenomenon, individual, group, administrative, financial, civil, criminal, person, discipline, profession, Criminalistics, Criminology, Psychology, Pedagogy, system, police, juridi

Exercise 4. Fill in the gaps. Translate the sentences.
1. Law consists of ... . 2. Law defines relations among ... . 3. ... is established to maintain реасе and order. 4. Criminal law is to protect society from ... .

Exercise 7. Answer the questions.
1. Is law а соmрlех, dynamic social phenomenon? 2. What does it consist of? З. What relations does law define? 4. How many main big areas of law are there? 5. Wh

PENAL LAW
Under penal law punishment is a measure of state compulsion of persons guilty of committing a crime. It is also a measure of crime prevention. The purpose of penal law is not only to punish but als

Exercise 3. Match English and Russian equivalents.
1. лишение свободы A. life imprisonment 2. штрафВ. arrest 3. исправительные работы C. compulsory labour 4. обязательные работы D. restriction of liberty 5. арест

Exercise 4. Complete the sentences.
1. Punishment is a measure of … . 2. It is applied in relation to persons … committing a crime. 3. It is also a measure for ... . 4. The purposes of criminal punishment a

Exercise 5. Speak about Penal Law using the plan.
1. Definition of punishment. 2. Purposes of punishment. 3. The age of criminal responsibility in Russia. 4. The organ imposing a criminal punishment. 5. The basi

PENAL REFORMERS
There are a lot of famous penologists in different countries. They made a great contribution to reforming prison system in their countries. We know such names as John Howard, Benjamin Rush, John Au

Exercise 1. Read the names.
John Howard Benjamin Rush Alexander Maconochie Zebulon Brockway John Augustus Exercise 2. Read and trans

Exercise 6. Open the brackets. Translate the sentences.
1. John Howard (to devote) his life to the problems of imprisonment. 2. Famous penologists (to make) a great contribution to reforming prison system. 3. Zebulon Brockway (to intro

Exercise 7. Answer the questions.
1. What famous penologists do you know? 2. Did they make great contribution to reforming prison system? 3. Who is the most famous among penal reformers? 4. What did John

JOНN HOWARD
  In the history of the modern world many реорlе made а great contribution to reforming the prison system in their own countries. We know such names as John Howard, Веnjаmin Rush, Joh

Exercise 3. Read the text. Render it in English.
В своих трудах ученые-юристы всегда уделяли много внимания уголовно-исполнительной системе, в частности (in particular) исправлению разных недостатков и борьбе со злоупотреблениями в тюрьмах, колон

ALTERNATIVES TO PRISONS
Penalty should fit the crime. There is a wide range of sanctions that are used all over the world to punish offenders. They are fines and other financial penalties, probation, supervision, orders t

Exercise 6. Read the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.
1. Other alternatives to prison are based on the idea of preventing an offender from committing further offences, without necessarily confining him or her in a prison. 2. The most familiar

ALTERNATIVES TO CUSTODY
In most criminal justice systems the majority of offenders are dealt with by means other than custody – by fines and other financial penalties, by probation or supervision, or by orders to make rep

Exercise 4. Speak about alternatives to custody.
  THE PROFESSION OF PSYCHOLOGIST I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: at present – в настоящее время

THE PROFESSION OF A PSYCHOLOGIST
At present psychology is vitally important in human life. The effective development of corrections depends on the work of psychologists. The psychologist deals with the problems of rehabilitation o

Exercise 8. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary. Translate the sentences.
1.The main objectives of psychology as a science are to describe, understand, predict and control … behaviour. 2. Corrective psychology deals … conditions and peculiarities … rehabilitating … law-b

PSYCHOLOGICAL SCHOOLS
Until the 19th century there were two alternatives to psychology. Psychology as a separate science appeared in 1879. It is the field of study which seeks to describe , understan

Exercise 8. Make up a plan to the text and speak about psychology as a separate science.
JURIDICAL PSYCHOLOGY I. Read the and learn the following words and phrases: contemporary – современный ramified – разветвленный

JURIDICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Contemporary psychology is a widely ramified system of scientific discipline. But we are mostly interested in juridical psychology. It studies the psychological aspects of legal relationships. Juri

THE GREAT PSYCHOLOGIST.
Psychology as a separate science is traced to the year 1879. That year Wilhelm Wundt, the famous German psychologist, set up the first psychological laboratory in Leipzig. Hi is considered the fath

Exercise 5. Find in the text all the instances of Passive constructions and give their best possible translations.
Exercise 6. Translate the following sentences into Russian, using Passive Voice: 1. Эти процессы называются ассоциативными. 2. В 1879 году была открыта первая пси

II. Read the text.
PERSONALITY Any attempt to understand human behaviour psychologically involves the study of personality. Research in the field of personality is difficult because t

THE BASIC TYPES OF RELATIONS
  Psychology seeks to fully understand human behavior. So it must study man in relation not only to himself but also to other individuals, groups of which he or she is a member and to

Exercise 4. Give short characteristics of each type of human relationships.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCHOOLS I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: to appear – показываться, появ

PSYCHOLOGICAL SCHOOLS
Until the 19th century there were two alternatives to psychology. Psychology as a separate science appeared in 1879. It is the field of study which seeks to describe , understan

Exercise 8. Make up a plan to the text and speak about psychology as a separate science.
SOCIAL WORK IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: to root – пускать

SOCIAL WORK IN PENAL INSTITUTIONS
Social work is deeply rooted and had been developed by the middle of the last century. The practice of rendering assistance to people in solving their problems was widespread . Modern soci

Find in the text as many international words as possible and translate them.
2. Fill in the blanks with the proper prepositions: the practice … rendering assistance; to take part … solving problems; problems … different levels; a place … social wor

PSYCHOLOGISTS AND SOCIAL WORKERS IN PRISON SERVICE
In Great Britain they don’t have any institutions equivalent to the school you study at. People who come in to work as guards get an initial period of training of about 18 weeks. People who come in

Exercise 2. Match English and Russian equivalents.
1. to purchase stocks a. нести ответственность за долги и убытки 2. to manage a sales force b. частное владение 3. proprietorship c. владелец акций 4. to be resp

Exercise 3. Choose the right word or word-combination.
1. …… is simply a one-owner firm. a) partnership b) proprietorship c) corporation 2. The proprietor is responsible for all personal and business …… . a) debts and losses

Exercise 6. Mark the sentences that are true.
1. Business firms market their products, engage in advertising, and manage a sales force. 2. There are three basic kinds of business firms: proprietorships, partnerships, corporations.

Exercise 8. Speak about the types of business firms.
B A N K I N G I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: enterprise – организация valuables – ценности the golds

B A N K S A N D B A N K I N G
All banks are business organizations, usually limited companies that seek to earn profits for their owners. Banks are commercial enterprises, which gradually evolved from the old goldsmith establis

Exercise 5. Insert the necessary prepositions.
1. This business organization receives and holds deposits, lends money … interest and moves money … one place to another. 2. Commercial banks seek to earn profits … their owners.

Exercise 6. Answer the questions on the text.
1. What do all commercial banks do? 2. What is the oldest and the most important banking function? 3. What is the most profitable banking activity? 4. What services do mo

Exercise 7. Speak about banks and their functions.
THE PROFESSION OF AN ECONOMIST IN CORRECTIONS I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: agency – орган responsible – отв

MY FUTURE PROFESSION
I am a second-year cadet of the Academy of law and management of the Federal Penal Service. Our educational establishment trains specialists for correctional institutions. The work of an economist

Exercise 3. Translate the word combinations from English into Russian.
Market economy; laws and principles; to get a perfect knowledge; we are taught; to make up a report; economic crimes; Economic Crimes Investigation Department; to develop methods; to detect and inv

Exercise 6. Insert prepositions where necessary.
1. Every economist must know laws and principles … market economy. 2. The work … an economist is very responsible. 3. Our Academy trains workers … correctional institutions.

Exercise 7. Complete the sentences.
1. We must know laws and principles of … … and … … … … … . 2. We also must get … … … … . 3. We are taught to … … … … … … , … … … … … . 4. After graduating from the Academ

Exercise 8. Answer the questions on the text.
1. What important things a good economist must know ? 2. Where can you work after graduating from the Academy? 3. What duties can the economists at the corrections perform ?

Exercise 9. Speak about your future profession.
E C O N O M I C S Y S T E M S I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: resources – ресурсы land – земля availa

Planned economies.
Planned economies are sometimes called “command economies”. These are economies with large amount of central planning and direction. The government takes all decisions, the government decides produ

Exercise 2. Translate the given word combinations from English into Russian.
Available resources;to satisfy the demand; goods and services; planned economies; command economies; large amount; central planning and direction; to take decisions; to decide prod

Exercise 4. Insert prepositions where necessary.
1. Any economic system tries to satisfy the demand ... its inhabitants ... goods and services. 2. In planned economies everyone ... society receives enough goods and services ... a basic s

Exercise 5. Complete the sentences.
1. An economic system is the way in which a country uses its available resources to ... ... ... . 2. Planned economies are sometimes called ... ... ... . 3. What the nation will p

B) correct the sentences if they are false.
1. An economic system is the way in which a country uses land, workers, natural resources etc. to satisfy the needs of its inhabitants. 2. Planned economies are sometimes called free enter

Exercise 7. Answer the questions.
1. What is an economic system? 2. How many kinds of economic systems are there in the world today? What are they? 3. Planned economies are economies with a large amount of central

Exercise 8. Speak about basic types of economic systems in the world.
B R I T I S H E C O N O M Y I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: manufacture – производство manufactured goods – пр

Exercise 1. Find and read the international words from the text. Guess their meaning.
Exercise 2. Find the words with the same root among the following: nature, profitable, industry, independent, exporter, manufactured, natural, natural, unprofitable, growt

Exercise 5. Finish the sentences choosing the right variant.
1. Great Britain is one of the world’s largest exporters of ( farm products / semi finished goods / high quality expensive goods ). 2. Britain used to be rich in ( natural resources / fore

Exercise 6. Open the brackets using the verbs in a proper form (active or passive voice).
1. Great Britain (to live) by manufacture and trade. 2. Britain (to be) one of the largest exporters of manufactured goods per head of population. 3. Most of the forests in Great

Exercise 8. Speak about British economy.
T H E G R E A T E C O N O M I S T I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: science – наука

G R E A T E C O N O M I S T S
Adam Smith was a great Scottish scientist who made extraordinary contributions to economics. He was born in 1723 in a small fishing town near Edinburgh, Scotland.

Exercise 4. Finish the sentences using the right variant. Translate the sentences into Russian.
1. Adam Smith was ... 2. He founded ... 3. At the age of 28 Adam Smith became ... 4. With the financial security of his grant Smith ... 5. His book was an analys

Exercise 7. Answer the questions.
1. What is Adam Smith? 2. When and where was he born? 3. What was his first academic appointment? 4. What work did he devote 10 years of his life? 5. What was th

Exercise 8. Speak about the great economists.
ECONOMICS AND ECONOMY I. Read and learn the following words and phrases: economics – экономика (как наука) economic laws – эконом

THE SCIENCE OF ECONOMICS
The modern word “economics” has its origin in the Greek word “oikonomos” meaning a housekeeper. The two parts of this word ‘oikos’ – a house and ‘nomos’ – a manager show what economics is all about

Exercise 4. Choose the right word or word-combination.
1. Economics is defined as the study of ... in the everyday business of life. a) industry b) mankind c) income 2. Economics studies the general life of our communities in order to

Exercise 5. Insert the necessary prepositions.
1. Economics is defined as the study ... mankind ... the everyday business ... life. 2. Economics studies our everyday lives and the general life ... our communities ... order to understan

Exercise 6. Mark the sentences that are true.
1. The modern word “economics” has its origin in the Greek word “oikonomos” meaning a manager. 2. Economics is a social science. 3. Everyday business of providing the means of lif

Exercise VIII. Speak about economics science.
    THE PROFESSION OF AN ECONOMIST I. Learn the given words and word combinations: to graduate from – заканчив

M Y F U T U R E P R O F E S S I O N
I am a student of the Economic department of the Academy of Law and Management of the Federal Penal Service of the Russian Federation. In some years I’ll graduate from the Academy and become a prof