Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the boxes below.

Все темы данного раздела:

НАУЧНО - МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ
Разработка любого курса обучения иностранным языкам требует определенного подхода. Это обусловлено спецификой основной цели изучения языка - формированию коммуникативной компетентности. Комм

СОДЕРЖАТЕЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ
Цель: - формирование коммуникативной компетентности студентов технических специальностей в сфере профессиональной деятельности; - формирование базовых знаний об особенностя

СТРУКТУРНЫЙ АСПЕКТ
INTRODUCTION / ВВЕДЕНИЕ INSTRUCTIONS / МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ MODULES / МОДУЛИ : 1.

I N S T R U C T I O N S
(МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ) Приступая к занятиям по английскому языку по данному курсу обучения, следует придерживаться следующих рекомендаций: 1. Любая деятельно

ENGINEERING IN OUR LIFE
Part I 1. Match the following words (1, 2, 3) and their definitions (a, b, c): a practical appli

Match the words with their definitions.
engineering solution to manufacture engineer to communicate methodical engine to evaluate to design   A well-org

HISTORY OF ENGINEERING.
Read the text and decide if the following sentences are true (T) or false (F): The invention of a wheel is an example of ancient en

PROBLEM-SOLVING PROCESS
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the following words: discipline Testing solutions knowledge evaluate find known

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the whole video-track and answer the following questions: 3. What kind of video is this? - a documentary; - a comedy; - a humori

WHILE-LISTENING
Listen to the video a part by part without watching and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 00:15 3. What is the main aim of the lecture? 00:1

TYPES OF ENGINEERING
Part I 1. What do engineers do? Use verbs to answer. 2. Read the four parts of one text (A, B,

MAIN BRANCHES OF ENGINEERING
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the following words:   Civil divided buildings types chemical Electrical disci

CIVIL ENGINEERING
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the following words: buildings bridges companies discipline engineering design engi

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the following words: Mechanics engineer Kinematics combination Engineering skills T

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the following words: engineers Power 1872 Electronic Signal Processing Electronics Control E

ENGINEERING AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the following words: design chemical analysis branches expensiveproducts

SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS
Read the following text and answer the questions below: 1) Is there any difference between an engineer and a scientist? 2) What is the way that connects engineeri

POST-LISTENING
10. Summarize the information of the video-track by filling each gap with a suitable word:   The speaker is (1) __________ Haritos, who is an

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the parts of the video-track and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 00:36 3. Who and what is the speaker? 4. What does Electrical Engineering

Answer the following questions about yourselves. Compare your answers with a partner.
1. Which subjects do you study? Are there any subjects you would like to drop? 2. Is your course practical? Do you like this way of working? 3. How are you assessed? Do you think

Complete the following definitions (1-6) below with the highlighted words in the text.
1. To “__________” means to know a lot about one part of a subject. 2. “__________ ” means all your work on the course is

Guess the words from their definitions.
  1. A general course at a college that prepares students for more difficult courses. 2. To give particular

Answer the questions (1-6) about your course and write a small text about it.
1. Who is the course for? 2. What qualification do you need? 3. What do you learn during the course? 4. How do you study? 5. How are you assessed? 6. Wh

Guess the words from their definitions.
  1. A person who wants to get a job or a place at a university. 2. Something that you have done in your li

C) Read the text again and compare your list of advantages with the list of advantages mentioned in the text.
level industry manufacture experience knowledge engineer progress design systems everyday career key qualification Engineering is the way of real

Read the following texts and fill in each gap with a suitable word from the box.
Science and Engineering engineering science travel technology natural People seek (1) _______

WHILE-LISTENING
Listen to the video without watching and answer the following questions: 3. What are the people talking about? Complete the heading. 4. How many speakers are ther

MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
Part I 1. Do you know the following materials? Match the materials to their definitions below: glass plastic

Look at the following materials and complete the table.
  A Material   BProperties CUses wood

Translate the following sentences into the English language. Give the idea of a sentence but not a word for word translation.
“… (material) is … (properties)” 1. Пластик – легкий и крепкий. 2. Латунь –

Read the text and fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the box below.
manufacturing production discipline made divided properties(x2) materials components oil Material is synonymous with substance. It is anyt

Read the text a part by part. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the boxes below.
focus engineering important discipline chemistry characteristics   Materials science is a (1) __________ that studies

Read the text again and fill in the gaps with a suitable word from the boxes in each part.
A. ___________________ properties elements opaque chemical Periodic rust conducts materials This

B) Read the text and check.
SMART MATERIALS Smart – or shape memory – materials are an invention that has changed the world of engineering. There are two types: metal alloys and plastic poly

Complete the definitions (1-8) below with the highlighted words in the text.
1. An __________ is something medical that is put inside the body, for example - a heart valve. 2. You need a good ______

SMART MATERIALS (1)
Read the following text and fill in the gaps. Use the words given in boxes: temperature materials types magnetic properties

SMART MATERIALS (2)
Read the text and fill in the gaps. Use the words given in the box: solid design alloys changed special shape technology properties type smart

SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS (SMA)
Read the text and choose the best heading (A, B, C) to each part: A. Applications of Shape Memory Alloys. B. What are Shape Memory Alloys?

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video a part by part and answer the following questions: 00:08 – 00:21 4. Who and what is the speaker? 00:22 – 00:31 5. What ex

Read the following text and think of the title to it.
A.In the past, technical drawings for industry and architecture were drawn by hand, i.e. people worked at drawing boards with drawing equipment. These hand-drawn diagrams

Match the words with their definitions.
  image architect hand to save symmetrical equipment viewer advantage designer to recycle drawing board drawing to provide

TECHNICAL DRAWING
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the following words: technical drawing discipline clearly

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN (CAD)
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the following words: product two dimensions Computer Aided Design drawings

WHILE-LISTENING
Listen to the whole text without video and answer the following questions: 3. The text is: a. a list of drawing equipment, b. instructions

INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION
Part I SECTION A 1. Have you ever visited a factory? Did you find out anything interesting there?

Read the text again and write short answers to the following questions.
1. Are CAM and CNC the same? 2. Is manufacturing the second stage in the process? 3. Can CNC operate other machines? 4. Does the speaker like the system? 5. When

Guess the word from its explanation.
  1. Detailed information on how to do something or use something. 2. When you get an easier question to an

Now read the text again and put the paragraphs from the newspaper article in the correct order.
3. Find the following expressions in the text: - … условия труда…; - … для легкого использования…; - … удобно и легко…; - … производитель авт

Read the following sentences and fill in the gaps with a verb from the box below in Passive.
make compress call use use use divide

Read the text again and complete it with the words from above.
A HANDMADE CAR The Morgan is a (1) __________ car: it is made in Britain by a family-owned company and it is handmade. Each Morgan is made ind

Read the text again and decide if the sentences (1-5) below are true (T) or false (F).
The Morgan is made by machines. T F Old and new ideas are used to make Morgans.

Match the following words.
by hand produced information Numerical Control ergonomically environment Manufacturing technology skills the company craftsmen information list for operators the system

THE MINI CAR
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the following words: market models 1959 produced fashionable development original

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the whole video and answer the following questions: 2. What kind of video is this? 3. What is the main idea of the track? Watch the parts of the video

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the following parts of the video and fulfill the tasks: 00:45 – 01:39 3. What cars did the Mini leave behind? 01:40

Look at the picture and study the words in the box below. Label the computer components.
cable central unit keyboard monitor (screen, display) mouse printer

Complete the instructions for connecting a DVD recorder to a TV set. Use the words in the box.
aerial insert (= put in) cable mains switch plug (n) socket TV INSTRUCTIONS FOR CONNECTING THE DVD TO THE TV

PLUGS AND SOCKETS
Read the following texts and fill in the gaps. Use the words given in boxes: (1) sockets risk connecting connect sys

Study the following information, try to understand it and remember it.
There are substantial differences between American and British terminology related to power plugs and sockets. British English American English

COMPUTER COMPONENTS
(1) Read the following text and fill in the gaps. Use the words given in a box: automobiles 1960s personal computer

COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Read the following text and fill in the gaps. Use the words given in boxes: Computer focuses engineers discipline design personal Engin

WHILE-LISTENING
Listen to the track without video and answer the following questions. 2. What is being connected? 3. What is the model of a camera? 4. Why are co

POST-LISTENING
13. Compare your text with the original and find out what was misheard. (the original): So, let’s see: which are the main components of a computer.

Match the words with their definitions.
  goggles safety equipment boots mask hat sign boiler-suit gloves ear-defenders hard hat  

Now try to think about similar answers of your own.
  10. Do a crossword. What is hidden on the vertical highlighted line?       &nbs

S I G N S
1. Have a quick look at the signs below. Do they “warn” or “forbid”?   &nb

SAFETY ENGINEERING
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the following words: problems science safe expensive design discovers system

SAFETY EQUIPMENT INSTITUTE (SEI)
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the following words: protective Manufacturers standards organization level manufacturer test

SAFETY EQUIPMENT
(1) Read the following text and fill in the gaps. Use the words given in a box:   important protect pr

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the 3 videos and complete the table:   Video 1 Video 2 Video 3   Sphere of usage

SAFETY EQUIPMENT FOR CAVERS
(01:19) Watch the video and answer the following questions: 1. What safety equipment does the caver have? 2. What other pieces of safety equipm

Read the following text and match the headings (A-D) with the paragraphs (1-3). There is one extra heading that you do not need to use.
A Advice for computer workers B Advice for factory workers C General advice

Match the following words.
level RSI an advice naturally feeling workers relaxed a disease risk of RSI to cure chair rules moving on the floor correctly safely movements breaks risk are

Look at the diagram and match the labels (a-g) with the correct items (1-7).
  a) elbows at 90 degrees   b) feet flat on the f

Now check your answers.
  10. Remember the following words that can help you explain different parts of human’s body: front/back – спереди/сзади; below/above – снизу (ниже)

REPETITIVE STRAIN INJURY
Read the following text with gaps and match the headings to its parts (A, B, C, D): Treatment Symptoms Background information Study

WHILE-LISTENING
Listen to the whole track without video. 2. What title can be given to the track? Listen to the parts of the track without video and answer the following que

WHILE-LISTENING
Listen the whole track without video. 4. What is the idea of the whole text? Listen and watch the parts of the video and answer the following questions:

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video a part by part and fulfill the following exercises: 00:00 – 00:58 8. “What are usual repetitive tasks that cause RSI”? 9. Fill in

Read the following text quickly and choose the best title A, B or C.
  A The history of cabling and telecommunications     B A short introduction to optical fibres

Complete the definitions (1-9) below with the highlighted words in the text.
1. A ……………… is one million of a metre. 2. The ……………… is the distance across a circle.

Guess the words from their definitions and find them in the text.
1. Material that is used to carry light and coded messages. 2. A clear hard material used for manuf

Study the following words and make as many word phrases as you can.
Optical, special, copper, micrometer, expensive, cable, deliver, measurement, high, long, electromagnetic, radio, flammable, petrochemical, per …, electrical, fibre, train

Try to make sentences about optical fibres with the matched word phrases from ex.10.
12. Do a crossword. What is hidden on the vertical highlighted line?       &n

Fill in the gaps in the following sentences (1-20) with the words from the box below.
ignite distance (x2) pipes measurement bandwidth (x2) splice duct deliver delivery(n) handle (x3) harm (x2) pipeline capacity (x2) diameter

OPTICAL FIBRE
Read the following text with gaps and match the headings to its parts (A, B, C, D, E):   Types Usage Joining together Descriptio

POST-LISTENING
13. Complete the summary of the video track. Fill in the gaps with a suitable word.     There is a growing need for the optical (1)

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video and answer the following questions: 6. What is the optical fiber called by the speaker? 7. What analogy is used to simplify the idea of an optical fibre

Read the text quickly and decide which structure it describes.
a The Hoover Dam   b The Arlberg Tunnel   c The Channel

Match the words from the box in ex.10 with their definitions below.
  A passage under the ground. To move earth and make a hole in the ground.

Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the boxes below.
rail built underpass machinery tunnel risk transport vehicles define telecommunications project A (1) _________ is an underground p

Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the boxes below.
machines disadvantage process transport (v) advantages shorter excavate expensive reduces diameters longer Tunnel boring machines (TBMs) a

Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the boxes below.
prevent organize level provide construction dams collect A dam is a barrier that impounds (= takes water away) water or undergroun

Types of dams
power tallest building function classified city walls Dams can be formed by human agency, natural causes, or even by the intervention of w

Modern uses
Large scale ship canals such as the Panama Canal and Suez Canal continue to operate for cargo transportation; as do European barge canals. Due to globalization, they are becoming increasingly impor

Cities on water
Canals are so deeply identified with Venice that many canal cities have been nicknamed "the Venice of ..." The city is built on marshy islands, with wooden piles supporting the buildings,

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video and put the following facts in the order of appearance in the track: 3. A broken rock falls into a bucket wheel.

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 00:33 6. Where is this picturesque place situated? 7. What kind of construction is shown in t

Read the following text quickly and choose the correct answers to the questions below.
1. Trevor Baylis is   a a doctor   b a TV presen

Answer the questions to the text.
1) What was the clever idea that Trevor Baylis had? 2) When did this clever idea come to Trevor Baylis mind? 3) What was the reason for this clever idea? 4) Why did only

Match the following words with their definitions below.
  inventor heating to convert perfect power energy to invent reliable invention to store to heat generator generation  

Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with one suitable word from this module.
  1. Toyota is a very ……… car. 2. We need a ……… to convert mechanical power into electrical energy.

Translate the following sentences from English into Russian. Give the idea, not a word for word translation.
1. Children are usually full of energy. 2. What types of energy do you know? 3. What

A WIND-UP RADIO
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with a word from the boxes below: operation clockwork spring countries powered useful equipment e

Match the verbs in column A with the parts of the body in column B and the sense nouns in column C.
  A verbs B parts of the body C sense nouns see hear smell taste

Read the text again and put the sentences and phrases (a-g) below in the correct places (1-7).
a in factories, laboratories, or warehouses b In this play machines behave like people

Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with one suitable word from the box below.
  instructions information react routine dangerous sensors save devices messages handle   1. Termin

Translate the following sentences from English into Russian. Give the idea but not a word for word translation.
  1. I’ve got a cold and I’ve lost my sense of smell. 2. Dogs have an acute sense of hearing.

Check the knowledge of active vocabulary from this module with the help of
“ACTIVE VOCABULARY” section.   Part II 1. THE WORD ‘ROBOT’ AND ITS ETYMOLOGY Read

A ROBOT IN A MODERN WORLD
Read the following text and fill in the gaps. Use the words from the boxes in each part: manufacturing century manipulate industrial earth mac

TYPES OF ROBOTS
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the box: tasks classified perform types designed welding sensors objects envi

Match the headings from the box below with the gaps in the following text.
Telerobots Car production Home automation Space probes Automated guided vehicles Home automation for the elderly and disabled Packaging Dirty, dangerous, dull or inacce

POTENTIAL PROBLEMS
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the box: films software computers programmed humans

ROBOTICS
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the box: mechanical manufactures designs disciplines scientists engineering c

A ROBOTIC SPACECRAFT
Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the box: animal scientific vehicles humans risk

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video-track a part by part and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 00:20 5. Fill in the gaps in the following passage with the words you hear:

Read the descriptions (A-D) and match them with the pictures (1-4).
A LETTER OPENER CLOCK (£19.99) Desktop clock, thermometer, calendar, and letter opener This gadget has got lots of helpful information – with the a

Read the texts (A-D) again and match the sentences (1-6) below with the gadgets.
These two don’t need batteries. This does two things.

Now complete the definitions (1-8) with the words from the text.
vision gadget frame to include display to supply to contain vinyl   To provide someone with something.

Search the Internet or other sources to find the most strange and unusual gadgets. Tell about them to your class.
12. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Translate the idea, not a word for word: 1. This car has all the latest gadgets.

Read the following text and fill in the gaps. Use the words from the boxes below.
monument invention object discussed normal tool A gadget is a small technological (1) __________ (such as a device or an appliance) that h

Match the names of gadgets from the box below with the gaps (1 - 15) in the text.
‘Ears’ ‘Springs’ ‘Top-Secret Gadget Phone’ ‘Tie’ ‘Helicopter’ ‘Respirator’ ‘Skates’ ‘Binoculars’ ‘Radar’ ‘Legs/Arms/Neck’ ‘Brella’ ‘Hands’ ‘Flower’ ‘Periscope’ ‘Siren’

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the whole video-track and answer the following questions: 5. How many gadgets are described in the text? Watch the video-track a part by part and answer the following

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the whole video-track. Match the phrases from columns A, B and C in the table below to form sentences in order to answer the following question: 3. What can you do with the VW Tou

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the whole video-track and answer the following question: 3. How many gadgets that were used by James Bond are described in the text? 4. What are they?

BRIDGES
Part I   1. Why do people build bridges? Where are bridges usually built? 2. Read the text quickly and choose th

Look at the diagram below and write the dimensions in the correct places.
      Dimensions:   span - 214m   height above the river - 75m   height of towers -

Match the following words with their definitions (1-10).
  disaster analysis bridge to crack girder span height to collapse enquiry dimension  

Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the words from the box below.
bridges constructed structure stones languages Design material A bridge is a (1) __________ built to span a valley, road, body of water, o

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the parts of the video-track and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 00:07 7. What is going on in Beijing? 8. What is being demonstrated?

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video-track and answer the following questions: 5. What river does this bridge cross? 6. When was it built? 7. Are people allowed to visit towe

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the whole video quickly and answer the following question: 6. What is shown in the track? (collapse of the Tacoma Bridge) Watch, listen, read and answer the following

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video-track a part by part and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 00:19 5. When did people begin thinking of travelling from Wales to Ireland?

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the two video-tracks (video 1 and video 2) and do the following tasks: 3. Are the following statements true (T) or false (F)? a

ANCIENT STRUCTURES
Part I   1. Do you know the word ‘ancient’? What does it mean? What ancient structures built all over the w

Give synonyms from the text to the following words.
1. very-very old 2. to keep safe 3. to p

Now complete the definitions (1-8) with the words from the module.
defensive apex enormous base labourer population ancient to protect A person whose job i

Read the following text and fill in the gaps. Use the words from the boxes below.
build regional mythology based civilizations design people pyramids functions high Ancient structures are products of ancient (1) __________

Read the following text and fill in the gaps with one suitable word.
Ancient (1) __________ is everything that was built in ancient times by ancient (2) __________ and is worthy of preservation and study due to archaeological or heritage intere

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the whole video-track and fulfill the following tasks: 6. Put the 7 wonders of the ancient world in the order they appear in the track: Stat

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video-track a part by part and answer the following questions. 00:00 - 01:20 5. Which part of the Wall exactly is this video-track about? 6. W

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video track a part by part and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 01:12 5. What form does the Stonehenge have? 6. When did the building be

WHILE-LISTENING
Watch the video track a part by part and answer the following questions: 00:00 – 00:16 4. What is the main news? 5. When was it built? 6

Match the numbers below with the words (1-9) in the table.
Note: In English, you write a point (.) not a comma (,) in decimal numbers. You say the numbers after the point separately, for example “23.34” is pr

Read the following text. Complete the text by putting a word or number from the box below in each space (1-10).
half -5° -40° 88% Hundreds 200 14,000 1989 4000 5000m² THE JUKKASJARVI ICEHOTEL The Juk

Now choose the correct answers to the questions (1-3) below.
1. Where is the text from?   a) A government information leaflet.   b) A t

SIGNS, SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS
(the material of the module is taken from:“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 23, pg.26; Unit 24; pg.27) SECTION A

Complete the sentences (1-8) below by putting one word from the box in each space.
area capacity distance length liquid (quantity) speed weight height   DID YOU KNOW ?

Match the numbers and abbreviations below with the words in italics from exercise 3 in the following table.
516m 110kph 3000cc (or cm³) 200km 300m 1.5l 593km² 2000kg   height

Rewrite the measurements (1-9) below as numbers and abbreviations.
Note: In English, we say 5m x 7m as ‘five metres by seven (metres)’ when we are talking about area. In mathematics, 5x7 is ‘five times seven’ or ‘ five multiplied by seven’.  

Now complete the definitions (1-11) below with the units from exercise 2 and the people from the box.
Andrè Marie Ampère (1775-1836) Anders Celsius (1701-1744) Marie Curie (1867-1934) Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894) James Prescott Joule (1818-1889) Lo

Read the texts (letter A and letter B) and choose the correct answers to questions (1-5) below the texts.
  Letter A (1)   (2) 28 High Avenue Harlow Essex CM 16 7AY 01279 5743461 (3) Admi

Match the features (1-6) on each letter with the features (A-F) below.
  A The receiver’s address B The receiver’s name

Read the curriculum vitae (CV) quickly and choose the correct answers to the questions below it.
NAME Gavin H Alvarez   ADDRESS   26 Dryfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 2DC   TELE

Read the CV again and decide if the sentences (1-7) below are true (T) or false (F).
Gavin Alvarez lives in Cambridge. T F He is a student at Cam College. T

Check the knowledge of active vocabulary from this module with the help of
“ACTIVE VOCABULARY” section.   TEST 1 (modules 1 – 5) I. Change the words in italics

VI. Answer any 5 questions you like. Give as much information as you can.
1. What is the process of solving a problem? 2. How many types of engineering are there? What are they?

E X A M M A T E R I A L S
(МАТЕРИАЛЫ ЭКЗАМЕНА) Экзамен сдается после прохождения всех модулей курса. Экзаменационные материалы находятся у преподавателя. Всего 10 билетов. В каждом билете – 6 видов

G L O S S A R Y
(ГЛОССАРИЙ) (the glossary is taken from:“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; 2003, pg.34 -39) Abbreviations:

Система времен английского языка в активном залоге
V= verb; V1= первая форма глагола;V2= вторая форма глагола; V3= третья форма глагола   ACTIVE VOICE

Косвенная речь
(б) The designer said that the drawing was perfect. (т.е. в придаточном предложении в примере (б) сказуемое "is perfect" заменилось на "was perfect" в кос

A D D I T I O N A L T E X T S F O R R E A D I N G
(ТЕКСТЫ ДЛЯ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО ЧТЕНИЯ) Изучение дополнительных текстов по той или иной теме курса носит вариативный характер. Тексты, а также форма работы с ними, отбираются

ENGINEERING AND ART
There are connections between engineering and art. They are direct in some fields (for example - architecture, landscape architecture and industrial design) and indirect in others. The Art

ENGINEERING IN A SOCIAL CONTEXT
Engineering is a subject that ranges from large collaborations to small individual projects. Almost all engineering projects depend on some sort of financing agency: a company, a set of investors,

SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS
“Scientists study the world as it is; engineers create the world that has never been”. Theodore von Kármán There exists a specific conn

Professional Qualifications
Just like other professionals, such as doctors, lawyers, architects, teachers and accountants, members of a construction team also study for academic qualifications, train at work, and then obtain

Civil engineers turn complex ideas into reality. They help make some of the most innovative structures in the UK and abroad.
What do they do? Civil engineers are involved in the design and construction of bridges, tunnels, roads, railway, dams, pipelines and major buildings. The infrastructure f

Civil engineering offers a flexible, well-rewarded and diverse career with the chance to work and travel all over the world.
Our society would not work without civil engineering. Infrastructure supports our daily life – roads and harbours, railways and airports, hospitals, sports stadiums and schools, access to drinking

An International Career
Today, engineering in general - and electronics in particular - is an international business. Most of the well-known companies in electronics operate not just in several countries, but across conti

Choosing a Course
Deciding what to study and where to study it is a big decision, both in terms of time and money, and so it is vital that you choose the right course and the right university. To make the right deci

Quality Courses
Besides deciding which type of course would suit you best, it is important to choose the right university. Each university sets its own curriculum, decides the teaching methods that will be used, a

Worldwide Recognition
In the United Kingdom, these facilities have been developed over several centuries, and have lead to both a wide spectrum of professional bodies and a powerful education system designed to satisfy

CAREERS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(http://www.science-engineering.net) What is Mechanical Engineering? Engineering affects every aspect of human activity - work, leisure, health and educati

Qualifications
Standards for education, training and professional development of all engineers in the UK have been considerably revised in recent years to ensure qualifications remain on a par with the best inter

Why Study Mechanical Engineering
The UK education system is respected as among the best in the world, home to arguably two of the most famous universities, and a number of world-class centres of learning. Britain itself is

Career benefits
A mechanical engineering degree places graduates ahead in the race for quality employment. Statistics show that mechanical engineers earn lots of money! In a recent study by the Engineering Council

Recent Innovations
Thousands of years ago 'mechanical engineers' invented the wheel. Today's mechanical engineers have created the London Eye - the most modern and advanced wheel of the 21st century. Anyone who lives

HOW UNIVERSITY CAN BENEFIT YOUNG PEOPLE
(adapted from: http://www.science-engineering.net) the original text was written by Margaret Hodge, Lifelong Learning and Higher Education Minister In the early sixties

Make an informed decision about what, how and where to study.
In a Guardian/Gallup survey of recent graduates, 30% said they would probably not take the same course if they had their time over again. Think about your reasons for doing a degree.

Degree Course Checklist
When choosing a degree, ask universities some searching questions. Try to discover the answers to the questions below. If necessary show them this checklist. 1. How do staff gather student

PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS 1
A material's property is an intensive, often quantitative property of a material, usually with a unit that may be used as a metric of value to compare the benefits of one material versus another to

PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS 2
Iron is a metallic chemical element with the symbol Fe (Latin: ferrum) and atomic number 26. Iron is a group 8 and period 4 element and is therefore classif

COMPUTER USAGE IN ENGINEERING
As with all modern scientific and technological inventions, computers and software play a very important role. There are a number of computer aided applications (Computer-aided technologies) specif

Types of artificial waterways
Canals are created in one of three ways, or a combination of the three, depending on available water and available path: A canal can be created where no stream presently exists. The

Modern uses
Large scale ship canals such as the Panama Canal and Suez Canal continue to operate for cargo transportation; as do European barge canals. Due to globalization, they are becoming increasingly impor

Cities on water
Canals are so deeply identified with Venice that many canal cities have been nicknamed "the Venice of..." The city is built on marshy islands, with wooden piles supporting the buildings,

CHOICE OF TUNNELS vs. BRIDGES
For water crossings, a tunnel is generally more costly to construct than a bridge. Navigational considerations may limit the use of high bridges or drawbridge spans intersecting with shipping chann

HISTORY OF DAMs
The word ‘dam’ can be traced back to Middle English, and before that, from Middle Dutch, as seen in the names of many old cities. Most early dam building took place in Mesopotamia a

HISTORY OF TUNNELS
  The oldest used rail tunnel in the world was built in 1836. Only a short section of it remains now in Liverpool. The World's oldest underwater tunnel is said to be the Tere

History
The first space mission, Sputnik 1, was an artificial satellite put into Earth orbit by the USSR on 4 October 1957. On 3 November 1957, the USSR orbited Sputnik 2, the first to carry a living anima

EFFICIENCY OF BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION
A bridge's structural efficiency may be considered to be the ratio of load carried to bridge mass, given a specific set of material types. In one common challenge students are divided into groups a

HISTORY OF BRIDGES
The first bridges appeared in ancient times. They were made by nature itself — as simple as a log fallen across a river or stones in the water. The first bridges made by humans were probably spans

THE USAGE OF BRIDGES
A bridge is designed for trains, pedestrian or road traffic, a pipeline or waterway for water transport or barge traffic. An aqueduct is a bridge that carries water, resembling a viaduct, which is

Bridges
The highest bridge over the water or ground was the single-arched Pont d'Apl which carried irrigation water for Aosta across a deep Alpine gorge. The height of its deck over the torrent below

Columns
List of Roman victory columns The tallest Corinthian columns, a style which was particularly popular in Roman monumental construction, adorned the Temple of Jupiter at Baalbek, reach

Fortifications (Roman military engineering)
The longest city walls were those of Classical Athens. Their extraordinary length was due to the construction of the famous Long Walls which played a key role in the city's maritime strategy,

Monoliths
The largest monolith lifted by a single crane can be determined from the number of holes (each of which points at the use of one crane) in the lifted stone block. By dividing its weight by th

Tunnels
The deepest tunnel was the Claudius Tunnel, constructed in eleven years time by emperor Claudius (41–54 AD). Draining the Fucine Lake, the largest Italian inland water, 100 km east of Rome, i

A D D I T I O N A L V I D E O
(ВИДЕОСЮЖЕТЫ ДЛЯ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОСМОТРА) Видеосюжеты для дополнительного просмотра можно найти по ссылке: … адрес интернет-странички с видеороликами… П

I N T E R N E T R E F E R E N C E S
(ССЫЛКИ НА ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ИНТЕРНЕТ-САЙТЫ)   В целях самосовершенствования и самоорганизации самостоятельной работы по повышению уровня владения английским я

C O N T E N T S
(СОДЕРЖАНИЕ) Introduction / Введение   Instructions / Методические рекомендации