Reading of a stressed vowel in its short meaning. Short vowels of the English language.
Reading of a stressed vowel in its short meaning. Short vowels of the English language. - раздел Иностранные языки, Раздел I. Сегментная фонетика. Звуко-буквенные соответствия в английском языке If There Is No Indicator Of Length (It Means The Second Vowel Or A Combinatio...
If there is no indicator of length (it means the second vowel or a combination “gh” after a stressed vowel immediately or in one consonant) the English vowel is read shortly.
The short sound meaning of “e, i, o” almost coincides with the sound meanings of these letters in the Latin alphabet.
1) The letter “e” denotes the short sound [e] representing the first element of the diphthong [ei].
2) The letter “i” with the following consonants denote a very short sound [i].
3) The letter “o” in its short meaning is read as the short [ɒ].
4) Short sound meanings of the letters “u, a” in English differ from their sound meanings in the Latin alphabet. The letter “u” with following consonant denotes the short sound [ʌ] which reminds the Russian sound [a] in unstressed position.
5) The letter “a” denotes the short sound [æ] the longest of all short vowels. There is no such equivalent in Russian. For the correct pronunciation of the sound [æ] it is necessary:
ü to put the force part of the tongue low and to put the tip of the tongue lower. It causes comparatively small rise of the tongue.
ü To pull down the lower jaw.
ü To give voice and pronounce the similar to Russian [a] and [э]. The lips must be half open.
6) Doubling of a consonant is an indicator of a short meaning of the previous vowel. Doubling of a consonant doesn’t mean, as a rule, doubling of a consonant sound: e.g. bill.
In particular, a short vowel sound with the following consonant sound [r] can be denoted only with the help of doubling of the consonant “r”: e.g. carry, hurry, sorry.
7) the letters “l, s” at the end of monosyllabic word, as a rule, are doubled. The combination “ss” means the voiceless sound [s] : e.g. less [les].
8) The combination”ck” denotes the sound [ k] and is used for doubling as of the letter “k” so of the letter “c”.
9) In a few words, as an exception, short sounds are denoted by combinations: e.g. in the word build and in the words of the same roots building, builder the second vowel is read in its short meaning. The same is in the words friend, friendship.
The combination “ea” as an exception in some words before the letters “d, r, v” and combinations “th, lth” can denote a short sound [e]: e.g. head, bread, already, heavy, healthy.
Ex. 1(from Test your pronunciation Unit 8, disc)
Read the following names and decide, from their spelling, if the vowel is short or long. (If there is more than one vowel, focus on the vowel receiving most stress.) If you are not sure, check the recording.
Example:Mick = short Susan = long
Mick
Susan
Dean
Sammy
Cathy
Martha
Jane
Luke
Tammy
Rose
Bert
Muriel
Patty
Pete
Ross
Ted
David
Becky
Bud
Simon
Beth
Mike
Mary
Tom
Jean
Timmy
Joan
Bonnie
Sheila
Bill
Short vowel sound
Long vowel sound
Ex. 2(from Test your pronunciation Unit 26)
A: Here are the twelve pairs of rhyming words. In each case, one has an expected spelling for the particular sound and one has not. Choose which is the more predictable spelling.
Example: cheque neck
(compare neck with peck, deck, wreck, speck and so on)
droop
soup
rich
stitch
file
style
mash
cache
chest
breast
taste
waist
steak
make
wand
bond
worm
squirm
moon
prune
blood
mud
tomb
loom
B: And here are some pairs of words which look as though they should rhyme, but don’t. Choose the one which has the more predictable relationship between pronunciation and spelling.
cut
put
bear
fear
call
shall
warm
charm
cork
work
word
lord
worm
storm
wart
dart
dome
some
boot
foot
said
maid
want
pant
Ex. 3(from Test your pronunciation Unit 27, disc)
A: In this section the spelling is 100% predictable from the pronunciation. Listen to the recording and write these individual words down.
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
________
B: Now see if you can read the following words aloud before you listen to them on the recording. Remember that the pronunciation is still predictable from the spelling.
scoop
patched
puddle
shun
muted
rotter
stutter
candle
glitch
hugged
handy
rumbled
spine
treck
budge
trash
C: Now do the same with the following nonsense words.
flape
snork
frake
spump
spline
preck
drumble
flinge
smotted
glumpy
duddle
chinker
gatter
chandy
shunker
strended
· It doesn’t matter if you don’t know what the words in A andBmean; you can always check them in a dictionary afterwards. Don’t look in a dictionary for the nonsense words in C.
The types, structure and functions of syllables in English.
Syllable formation in English is based on the phonological opposition vowel-consonant. Vowels are usually syllabic while consonants are not with the exeptions of [l], [m], [n], which become syllabi
The primary and the secondary meaning of letters.
In English one letter can denote a few different sounds (polysemantic letters). That’s why there are the primary and the secondary sound meanings of them. The primary meaning of a letter is the sou
Test II
1. Divide into groups and transcribe these words:
Worry, student, apricot, oppose, novel, after, magic, limit, visit, excuse, sentence, bypass, money, cinema, never,
Ex.4 Practice reading
idioms, sayings:
He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.
If the cap fits, wear it.
Here today, gone tomorrow.
Five fat friars frying fish.
Principles of Reading Vowel Digraphs
1) The 1st letter is read in its primary long meaning: sea [i:], oak [əυ], etc.;
2) The 2nd letter is read in its primary long meaning: neu
Ex. 22 Practice reading the following words.
The letter "a":
pale, dale, rake, navy, table, ladle, staple, cradle, apron, sabre, latch, rack, jacket, quack, yank, jag, carry, parrot, garret, sparrow, barrel
Reading of Unstressed Vowels
Vowels in unstressed syllables in disyllabic and polysyllabic words usually denote the neutral sound [ə] and short [ı].
1.The letters ‘e’, ‘
Ex. 2 Learn the rhyme.
The Time-table of Lazy-bones Grundy.
Lazy-bones Grundy
Must do sums for Monday.
“And today it is Thursday”,
Says lazy-bones Grundy,
“So
Look at and listen to these pairs of words.
a. Peter and pepper. These start with the same consonant sound [p], but the following vowel sound is different: [pi:tə], [pepə].
b. Peter and pizza. T
Reading of English consonant clusters
English sibilants and interdental sounds which don’t have their equivalents in the Latin alphabet are denoted by combinations of consonants, the second element of which is “h”, e. g. she, ch
Spot the homophones 2
In the following conversation a large number of words have been replaced by homophones. Spot where they have been used and decide how the words should be written.
- Lousy w
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