Language work - раздел Иностранные языки, О. П. Шевченко, С. В. Купрікова АНГЛІЙСЬКА МОВА Методичний посібник Для магістрантів
Exercise 1.All The Words Below Can Be Combin...
Exercise 1.All the words below can be combined with price in two-word partnership: e.g. price war, retail price. Add the word price either before or after each of the words below. Translate them:
| 1. ___ control ___
2. ___ cost ___
3. ___ cut ___
4. ___ discrimination ___
5. ___ elasticity ___
6. ___ exercise ___
7. ___ fixing ___
8. ___ freeze ___
9. ___ going ___
10. ___ historical ___
11. ___ index ___
12. ___ list ___
13. ___ maintenance ___
| 14. ___ market ___
15. ___ mechanism ___
16. ___ minimum ___
17. ___ range ___
18. ___ recommended ___
19. ___ reduction ___
20. ___ retail ___
21. ___ rise ___
22. ___ selling ___
23. ___ sensitivity ___
24. ___ strike ___
25. ___ war ___
26. ___ wholesale ___
|
Which of these two-word nouns refers to:
* a basic price before discounts and special offers are made?
* aggressive competition between rivals?
* a price at which retailers buy goods?
* a price recorded in a company’s accounts?
* the government’s measure of inflation?
* the price at which a producer makes no profit?
* the relationship between a product’s price and the quantity bought?
* a price-limit imposed by the government?
* arrangements between competitors not to lower prices?
* the price of options?
Exercise 2.Fill in the missing words in the sentences below. Choose from the following:
| behavior
floor
ceiling
full cost
competitors
leader
| demand
legislation
discretion
make or buy
elasticity
substitutes
|
1. For some products, such as perfume, expensive and attractive packaging can increase the ___ for them. 2. Most businesses are in competition with other companies who manufacture similar products or ___ . 3. A manufacturer should first look at the price set by his ___ before he sets his own prices. 4. When preparing information for pricing decisions, the accountant should be aware of market ___ . 5. If sales representatives are working in a very competitive market, they should perhaps set prices at their own ___ . 6. If the design of a product is confidential there will be no choice in the ___ decision. 7. Government ___ regulates the prices for certain products. 8. The maximum and minimum prices which can be set for a product are known as the price ___ and price ___ respectively. 9. To add a certain mark-up to the total cost of a product, a system of ___ pricing is used. 10. A price ___ is a product which all other companies watch when setting their prices. 11. The ___ of demand shows how consumers will react when prices are altered.
Exercise 3.Make a proper selection:
| 1. marketing
2. international marketing
3. marketing mix
4. marketing environment
5. target market
6. marketing strategy
7. distribution channel
| a) the environment that surrounds both the buyer and the marketing mix; it consists of political, legal, regulatory, societal, consumer movements, economic, and technological forces;
b) a group of interrelated intermediaries who direct products to customers;
c) the identification or anticipation of customer demand, and the satisfaction of that demand by the development, distribution and exchange of goods and services;
d) a group of people for whom a firm creates and maintains a marketing mix;
e) marketing activities performed across national boundaries;
f) a plan for selecting and analyzing a target market and creating and maintaining a marketing mix;
g) consists of four major variables: products, price, distribution and promotion.
|
Exercise 4.Join the halves. Translate the sentences.
| 1. The salespeople in a firm which manufacturers purchases and prams …
2. Insurance companies offering cover against motor accidents …
3. The Traffic Manager for a company operating a cross-channel ferry …
4. The Sales Manager of a firm making hearing-aids …
5. Oil company executive …
6. A publisher specializing in textbooks for schools …
7. The Chief Buyer in a large city department store …
8. The line workers in a factory producing cigarettes …
9. The Marketing Manager of a travel agency specializing in holidays in France …
10. A firm of London-builders and repairers …
11. A young man who had just finished training to be a coal-miner …
12. The high street banks …
| a) could be expected not to welcome the news that a substantial increase in the petrol tax was contemplated by the government;
b) would be encouraged by the news that the death rate was falling;
c) will not be pleased to hear that the Meteorological Offices are predicting a severe winter;
d) should approve a long-term rise in oil prices;
e) wonderful benefit from a rise in property prices;
f) would be pleased to hear of a reduction in airfares;
g) would be grateful to learn that the school-leaving age is going to be raised;
h) would expect to be very busy after a serious gale had swept over the city;
i) would be disappointed to learn that a new airport was going to be developed for London;
j) would be dismayed to read in the newspaper that the government was planning to prohibit the sale of all products harmful to health;
k) would react favorably to the news that improvements were planned for the London Underground;
l) would expect to earn more after the birth rate has risen.
|
Exercise 5.Match up the remarks below with the names of different pricing strategies.
| 1. market penetration pricing
2. market skimming
3. current-revenue pricing
4. loss-leader pricing
| 5. mark-up or cost-plus pricing
6. going-rate pricing
7. demand-differential pricing
8. perceived-value pricing
|
a) Firstly we need cash, and secondly, we don’t think the product will last very long – it’s really just a gimmick – so we’re trying to maximize our sales income now.
b) Like all supermarkets, we offer half a dozen or more different items at a really low price each week. We lose on those, but customers come in and buy lots of other stuff as well.
c) Since our product is indistinguishable from those of all our competitors, and we’ve only got a tiny part of the market, we charge the same as the rest of them.
d) They just worked out the unit cost and added a percentage, without even considering demand elasticity or anything like that.
e) We charge an extremely high price because we know people will pay it. Our brand name is so famous for quality – we can make huge profits.
f) We charge lots of different prices for what is really almost the same thing. Of course, in First Class you get better food, and in Economy there’s hardly any legroom, but it’s still a flight from A to B.
g) We decided to launch the product at a very low price, almost at direct cost, hoping to get a big market share. Then we can make profits later because of economies of scale.
h) We’re going to charge a really high price to start with. We can always lower it later to reach price-elastic market segments.
Exercise 6.Translate the text into English.
Хью Ладж — один з найбільш успішних керівників індустрії туризму. Як директор з маркетингу “Петерсон Холідейз” він відповідає за планування послуг компанії. Це послуги з відпочинку, якими щорічно з задоволенням користуються тисячі людей.
До його обов’язків відноситься вивчення ринку: як забезпечення
ринку для нових послуг, так і турбота про те, щоб всі послуги компанії були ефективно реалізовані. Його діятельність з маркетингу включає як рекламу з використанням телебачення й газет, так і зв’язки з громадкістю. Він повинен пояснювати широкій громадкості основні напрямки діятельності компанії, а іноді і її проблеми.
Він входить до числа чотирьох головних директорів, які щорічно приймають рішення про бюджет, в який входить вартість рекламы і випуск брошур, які описують подорожі, а також їх вартість. Але його основний обов’язок не керівництво відділом витрат, він повинен забезпечити реализацію всіх поставлених цілей і отримання компанією прибутку. Його основна заслуга в тому, що компанія останні п’ять років з надзвичайною сталістю працює з прибутком.
Exercise 7.Explain the meaning of the following phrases:
1. International marketing is a marketing activities that are performed to compete beyond the domestic market.
2. Marketers must understand the complexities of the international marketing environment.
Все темы данного раздела:
Технічних ВНЗ
Затверджено
на засіданні вченої ради
Протокол № від
Краматорськ
ДДМА
2013
УДК 811.111
Шевченко О. П., Купрікова С В
Ш 37 Англійська мова : методичний посібник для магістрантів технічних ВНЗ / О. П. Шевченко, С. В. Купрікова. – Краматорськ : ДДМА, 2013 – 162 с.
ISBN
Посібник скла
СONTENT
1 ENGLISH FOR ECONOMISTS.................................................................. 5
UNIT 1.........................................................
Key words and phrases
to provide – забезпечувати
production – виробництво
distribution – розповсюдження
exchange – обмін
resources – ресурси
to satisfy one’s wants – задоволь
What is economics?
Human wants are unlimited, but the resources necessary to satisfy those wants are limited. Thus, every society is faced with the identical problem, the problem of scarcity. Since there is not enoug
Language work
Exercise 1. Read the terms given below and their definitions. Practice until you can explain them in English. Then find the Ukrainian equivalent to the.
Grammar
Exercise 8.Complete this story. Put was, were, wasn’t and weren’t in the correct spaces.
1. A friend of mine was a car mechanic in a garage a
Key words and phrases
economic incentives – економічні стимули
interest rates – відсотки за вкладами
profit motive – мотив прибутку
wealth – майно
source of wealth – джерела майна
Economic theories
1776 is the year that we associate with the signing of the Declaration of Independence, also marked the publication in England of one of the most influential books of our time “The Wealth of the Na
Language work
Exercise 1.Label the following statements with the names of the economists whose ideas they describe:
Adam Smith John Maynard Keynes Milton Friedman Robert
The founder of IBM
Thomas J.Watson Senior (begin) his business career as a sewing machine salesman and later, when he (became) President of IBM, he (use) his sales techniques to promote the company’s name. There (be)
Key words and phrases
applicant – претендент, кандидат
to ascertain – з’ ясовувати
bonus – премія
conditions – умови
to dismiss – розпускати
dimension of quantity – вимірюван
Personal management
The personnel department is concerned with the provision and maintenance of a workforce. There are two dimensions to the task. The first is to ensure that employees are available in the right numbe
Language work
Exercise 1.Match each sentence or word in the left-hand column with the best meaning in the right-hand column.
1.
Grammar
Exercise 7.Ask and answer more questions about the Monte Carlo Convention Centre. Put the words in the right order to make the questions.
1. are, Centre, hotels, how, many
Key words and phrases
responsibility – відповідальність
marketing department –відділ маркетингу
to promote – сприяти
purchaser – покупець
broadly speaking – взагалі
market re
International marketing
Having made a product the problem becomes to find someone who will buy it. It’s the responsibility of the marketing department to promote and organize the sale of products to the purchaser. Broadly
Grammar
Exercise 8.Express the following in the Passive Voice:
1. Partners brought additional funds to a proprietorship. 2. You received a wage in return for worki
Key words and phrases
account – рахунок
accrue – збільшуватися, зростати
asset – актив
double-entry – подвійний запис
ledger – бухгалтерська книга, баланс
liability – пасив,
Bookkeeping and accounting
Bookkeeping is an essential accounting tool. A small business or company may employ only one bookkeeper, who records all of the financial data by hand; large organizations may employ many bookkeepe
Language work
Exercise 1.Match each sentence or word in the left-hand column with the best meaning in the right-hand column.
1.
Grammar
Exercise 8.Write sentences using the words in brackets. Use mustn’t or don’t have to.
1. This information is highly confidential. (tell anyone) 2. This rep
Key words and phrases
balance sheet – балансовий звіт
cost – ціна, вартість
entity – суть, особа, організація
expenses – витрати
financial affairs – фінансові питання
gross m
A global view of finance
An accountant may be compared to a skilled laboratory technician who takes blood samples and other measures of a person’s health and writes the findings on a health report (a set of financial state
Language work
Exercise 1.Financial vocabulary covers several areas, including economics, banking, marketing, personal finance and financial planning. Here is a selection of key w
Grammar
Exercise 8.Translate the sentences.
1. The cargo to be insured by the seller with a first-class company or underwriters. 2. The vessel to be addressed to t
Language work
Exercise 1.Choose the correct alternative to complete each sentence.
1. Money in notes and coins is called
a. cash
Grammar
Exercise 8.Translate the sentences.
1. The devaluation of the pound sterling is known to have led to a rise of the prices of all goods imported into Englis
Key words and phrases
to supervise – спостерігати
interest rate – процентна ставка
lender – позичатель
to trade – продавати
current account – поточний рахунок
saving account
Banking
Banks are among the most important financial institutions. The way in which a bank is organized and operates is determined by its objectives. The first and most important function of a central bank
Language work
Exercise 1.This exercise defines the most important kinds of bank. Complete the text using these words:
central banks
commercia
Grammar
Exercise 7.Change the following sentences using participle phrases instead of the subordinate clauses.
1. People who hold bonds and stocks hope to realize
Key words and phrases
essential – невіддільний
take off – мати місце
limited company – компанія з обмеженою відповідальністю
initially – початково
provide – забезпечувати
sha
Stocks, shares and take-overs
Before a business can function 2 ingredients are essential: people and money without either, no business could take off.
For the limited company, funds are initially provided by the shareh
Language work
Exercise 1.Complete the sentences using these words:
arbitrageurs
market-makers
bears
shareholders
Grammar
Exercise 7.Change the following complex sentences into simple one using the Objective Participle Complex.
1. I noticed them as they were trying to sell the
Key words and phrases
on credit – в кредит
collection – грошовий збір, інкасація
cash in advance – грошовий аванс
letter of credit – акредитив
documentary collection (draft) – докумен
Methods of payment in foreign trade
The flow of money across national borders is complex and requires the use of special documents. Foreign trade usually is financed on credit. Exporters rarely get paid right away because of collecti
Language work
Exercise 1.Make a proper selection.
1. irrevocable letter of credit
2. revocable letter of credit
Grammar
Exercise 7.Change these sentences according to the models.
Model A: Are they still discussing the problem? – No, they’ve just finished discussing.
Auditing
Auditing, the oldest area of practice, remains the largest for many firms. An audit is a сertified public accountants examination of a company’s financial statements in order to express an opinion
Language work
Exercise 1.Match the following terms (1 – 14) with the correct definition (a – n) on the right.
1. statutory audit
2.
Grammar
Exercise 6.Put the verbs in brackets into Present or Future tense.
A: What time does Mr Tanaka’s flight arrive at Heathrow?
B: He gets in at 10.30
International taxation
Taxation is used to finance government expenditure. It represents a transfer of income from individuals, groups and organizations to the government.
Taxes may be classified under various h
Language work
Exercise 1.Match the following terms (1 – 8) with the correct definition (a – h) on the right.
1. taxation
2. direct tax
3.
Grammar revision
Test 1.Choose the right variant.
1. When, Ann last? – I___her since she ____ to another city.
a) have you seen, haven't seen, has moved
b) did you see, d
Key words and phrases
layout – макет
workshop – майстерня
assemble – збиратися
batch – партія
convert – конвертувати
inventory – інвентаризація
breakdown – розбивка
Production
Production management is concerned with planning and controlling industrial processes which produce and distribute products and services. Techniques of production management are also used in servic
Language work
Exercise 1. Match the words that go together and then complete the sentences below.
quality material
finished manager
industrial lines
productio
Grammar
Exercise 6.Translate the sentences.
1. There are two kinds of transformations which are known as physical and chemical changes. 2. There are several kinds of energy in nat
Key words and phrases
academic research – наукове дослідження
applied research – прикладне дослідження
development and evaluation research – розробка та
оцінка досліджень
analyst – ан
Research and development
Research and development (R and D) is the search for new and improved products and industrial processes. Both industrial firms and governments carry out Rand D. Innovations in products or processes
Language work
Exercise 1. Match the term with the correct definition.
applied research the study of pure scientific principles
clinical research the study of the parts and thei
Grammar
Exercise 7.Translate into Ukrainian.
2. I’m afraid I'll be late.
3. We’ll be happy to see you in Moscow again, Mr. Clark.
4. I'm sure the work will be su
Key words and phrases
store – зберігати
formats – формати
manipulation of digital data – маніпуляція цифрових даних
basic – основний
network – мережа
software – програмне заб
Information technology
Information systems collect, organize, store, process, retrieve and display information in different formats (text. video, and voice). Information technology allows very fast automated manipulation
Language work
Exercise 1.Combine one word from A and one word from B and match it with the appropriate definition in C.
A
B
Grammar
Exercise 6. Make the following statements interrogative:
1. I often go to the cinema.
2. I'm busy till half past eleven.
3. She lives in Moscow.
Key words and phrases
Behavior – поведінка
branch of engineering and physics – галузь техніки і фізики
entertainment – розваги
control systems – системи управління
circuits - схеми
Electronics
Electronics is a branch of engineering and physics. It deals with the emission, behavior, and effects of electrons for the generation, transmission, reception, and storage of information. Th
Language work
Exercise 1.Choose the correct word in the following sentences. Translate them.
1. Transistors / inductors are the key component in electronics.
2. They consist of
Senior Electronics Design Engineer
The Senior Electronics Design Engineer will be responsible for enhancing and supporting the entire electronic design process, including, but not limited to:
- electronic product developmen
Grammar
Exercise 7. Translate into Ukrainian.
1. The experiment will be described in several journals.
2. A conference on those problems is being held now.
3. Th
Exercise 10. Paraphrase using Passive.
Ex: They are going to interviewsome other candidates.–Some other candidates are going to be interviewed.
1. They are going to interviewthree girls for a job.
Key words and phrases
scrap – брухт
add value – додана вартість
commitment – зобов'язання
to facilitate – сприяти
inventory control – управління запасами
system failure analy
Quality
Quality means meeting the minimum set of requirements in a product's specification and then being delighted that the customer's expectations have been met and exceeded. Therefore, the goal of a bus
Health and Safety
The average person finds it difficult to assess risks. For this reason work practices need to be regulated. Examples of dangerous activities are:
- welding or grinding without goggles
Language work
Exercise 1.Choose the correct word in the following sentences.
1. We must check / control the temperature regularly to make sure it doesn't rise.
2. To com
Grammar
Exercise 6. Translate into Ukrainian.
1. Phone Bill at his office. He may still be there.
2. John may still be away in France. He might have a lot of work to do t
Key words and phrases
hydraulic – гідравлічний
highway – шосе
boiler – котел
crane – кран
gas engine – газовий двигун
machine tool – верстат
pump – насос
tu
Engineering
Engineering is based principally on physics, chemistry, and mathematics, and their extensions into materials science, solid and fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, transfer and rate processes, and sys
Chemical
The chemical industry covers the business that uses chemical reactions to turn raw materials, such as coal, oil, and salt into different products. Technological advances in the chemical industry ha
Language work
Exercise 1.Match the following verbs with the correct definition.
anneal
to melt metal and then pour it into a form, e.g. iron
Grammar
Exercise 7.Translate into Ukrainian.
1. She's gone to collect her pay cheque.
2. The three bears went into the forest to find firewood.
3. To be or not t
Key words and phrases
amplify – посилювати
аttenuation – затухання
coaxial cable – коаксіальний кабель
copper wire – мідний дріт
metallic-pair circuit – металеві пари схемою
Telecommunications Technology
Telecommunications technology transmits information by electromagnetic means over media such as telephone wires or radio waves. The information may be voice, facsimile, data, radio, or television s
Language work
Exercise 1. Match each of the following words with its definition.
wire a device which maps the binary strings into coded bits or waveforms for transmissio
TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATE COURSE
COURSE NAME COURSE DETAILS
Telecommunications Introduction to the _________
Fundamentals of information
Telecommunications Hands-on practical experiments Fundamentals Lab
Grammar
Exercise 6. Translate intoUkrainian minding Complex Object.
1. We noticed the woman enter the house through the back door.
2. I saw them walk along the road.
Key words and phrases
carpenter –тесляр
mason – каменяр
plasterer – штукатур
plumber – водопровідник
quantity surveyor – кошторисник
roofer – покрівельник
caisson –
Construction
Construction means the erection or assembly of large structures, primarily those which provide shelter, such as commercial and residential buildings. It also includes major works such as ships, air
Language work
Exercise 1.Choose the correct word in the following sentences.
1. A flat roof is usually covered in roofing felt / skin for protection against the w
Grammar
Exercise 6.Translate into Ukrainian minding Complex Subject.
1. She is known to live in France.
2. The film festival was reported to take place in
Key words and phrases
ground fault - замикання на землю
gvercurrent - надструмів
overload - перевантаження
short circuit - коротке замикання
dustproof - захищений від пилу
ex
Electrical Engineering
Electrical engineering deals with the practical application of the theory of electricity to the construction and manufacture of systems, devices and assemblies that use electric power and signals.
Language work
Exercise 1.Express each of these ideas as a compound.
1. a board consisting of a number of panels
2. material that does not allow water to get int
Grammar
Exercise 6.Translate into Ukrainian. Point out the form and function of Participle.
1. We would like to contact someone in your institute interested in our programme and s
Key words and phrases
to apply – 1.застосовувати, 2.звертатись до, подати заяву
apprenticeship – учнівство, навчання професії
craftsman – майстер, ремісник
current – 1.струм, 2. сучасний, пото
Engineering Profession
Engineering is a science of applying knowledge of properties of matter and natural sources of the energy to practical problems of industry. It deals with different things: design and manufacture of
Language work
Exercise 1. Match the following words with their definitions:
1. to apply
2. current
3.to manufacture
4. occupation
5.
Grammar
Exercise 8.Translate into Ukrainian minding Gerund.
1. I understand perfectly your wishing to be a qualified specialist. 2. Everybody will discuss the event, there is
Key words and phrases
to designate – зазначати, визначати
community – співтовариство
to confer – присуджувати наукову ступінь, співставляти
to wield – володіти, мати в руках
negligent
Technological Culture and its Problems
That humans have been designated Homo faber (man the maker, tool user) rather| than Homo sapiens (man the wise, thinker) indicates the centrality of technology in the life of even t
Language work
Exercise 1.Check your understanding answering the questions:
1. What indicates the centrality of technology in the life of mankind?
2. What are the stages of tech
Grammar
Exercise 6. Point out the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction. State what kind of adverbial modifier it expresses.
1. The weather being dark and piercing cold, he
Коли урочисте засідання закінчилося, почався концерт.
Exercise 8. Translate into English, using the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction.
1) Коли принесли десерт, гості поспішили до столу, але Джон залишився на дворі.
Language work
Exercise 1. Make sentences putting the given words into a correct order using the text above:
1. 1951 – “genetic engineering” – novel Dragon’s Island,
Genetic ….. uses the techniques of molecular cloning to alter the structure and characteristics of genes.
2. For example, crop plants can be given a …. from an Arctic fish, so they produce an antifreeze protein in their leaves.
3. The antifreeze protein helps to …. frost damage.
4. Ot
Grammar
Exercise 7.Translate into Ukrainian.
1. If he agreed to speak at the conference, we'd all be very happy. 2. It would be very convenient for me if we could put off our appo
LITERATURE
1. Бахов И. С. Деловой английский. Практикум. / И. С. Бахов, Т. И. Вощина и др. – К. : МАУП, 2003. – 400 с.
2. Качалова К. Н., Израилевич Е. Е. Практическая грамматика английского языка /
Технічних ВНЗ
Редагування А. А. Красько
Комп’ютерне верстання О. П. Ордіна
78/2012. Формат 60 х 84/8. Ум. друк. арк. 5,81.
Обл.-вид. арк
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