Language work - раздел Иностранные языки, О. П. Шевченко, С. В. Купрікова АНГЛІЙСЬКА МОВА Методичний посібник Для магістрантів
Exercise 1.Choose The Correct Alternative To...
Exercise 1.Choose the correct alternative to complete each sentence.
1. Money in notes and coins is called
| a. cash
| b. capital
| c. reserves
|
2. The dollar, the mark and the yen are all
| a. currencies
| b. funds
| c. monies
|
3. Money borrowed from a bank is a
| a. deposit
| b. income
| c. loan
|
4. Borrowed money that has to be paid back constitutes a
| a. debt
| b. fund
| c. subsidy
|
5. All the money received by a person or a company is known as
| a. aid
| b. income
| c. wages
|
6. The money earned foe a week’s manual work is called
| a. income
| b. salary
| c. wages
|
7. The money paid for a month’s work is a
| a. loan
| b. salary
| c. wages
|
8. Money placed in banks and other savings institutions constitutes
| a. capital
| b. deposits
| c. finance
|
9. Money paid by the government or a company to a retired person is a
| a. pension
| b. rebate
| c. subsidy
|
10. The money that will ultimately be used to pay pensions is kept in a
| a. budget
| b. deposit
| c. fund
|
11. The money needed to start a company is called
| a. aid
| b. capital
| c. debt
|
12. The money paid to lawyers, architects, private schools, etc. is called
| a. fees
| b. installments
| c. wages
|
13. Regular part payments of debts are called
| a. deposits
| b. loans
| c. installments
|
14. Estimated expenditure and income is written in a
| a. budget
| b. reserve
| c. statement
|
15. A person’s money in a business is known as his or her
| a. deposit
| b. fund
| c. stake
|
16. Money given to producers to allow them to sell cheaply is called a
| a. loan
| b. rebate
| c. subsidy
|
Exercise 2.Insert the words in the box in the following paragraphs:
| bonds
prices
| commercial
tight
| monetarist
velocity
|
Following the (1) … argument that the average level of (2) … and wages is determined by the amount of money in circulation, and its (3) … of circulation, many central banks now set money supply targets. By increasing or decreasing the money supply, the central bank indirectly influences interest rates, demand, output, growth, unemployment and prices. The central bank can reduce the reserves available (4) … banks by changing the reserve requirements. This reduces the amount of money that banks can create and makes money (5) … or scarce. Alternatively, the central bank can engage in what are called open market operations, which involve selling short-term government (6) … (such as three month Treasury bills) to the commercial banks, or buying them back.
Exercise 3.Choose the correct explanation of each expression from the list below.
| Expressions
| Explanations
|
| 1. to have a finger in the pie
2. to save up for a rainy day
3. in the red
4. in the black
5. to line one’s pocket
6. to settle up
7. to break even
8. to be broken
9. to cost an arm and a leg
10. to make ends meet
11. daylight robbery
12. to come into money
| a) paying off one’s debts;
b) the account is in credit;
c) the account is overdrawn;
d) it was extremely expensive;
e) only just managing to cope financially;
f) putting money aside to cover unforeseen circumstances or emergency;
g) making a lot of money from something;
h) being absolutely without funds;
i) having a financial interest in something;
j) inheriting money;
k) making neither a profit nor a loss;
l) extortionate costs.
|
Exercise 4.Use the words below to complete the text.
| banknotes
promissory notes
watermark
fiduciary issue
| forgery
mint
sound money
monetary policy
| barter
issue
gold reserves
coinage
|
In the days before money was created, traders exchanged one type of goods for another. This was called (1) … trade. Later, countries produced units made of gold. This was called (2) … and was produced in a (3) … . Originally, the total value of metal coins produced by a country was backed by its (4) … and was called (5) … . However, in some countries the amount of gold held by a country does not correspond to the value of coins in circulation, but may instead represent securities. This system is called the (6) … .
The main disadvantage of using money made of metal was that it was difficult to transport. So, traders began using documents which promised to pay a sum of money in return for goods. These documents were called (7) … .
Banks also began to (8) … papers to clients to confirm that they had deposited money in the bank. These papers were issued in standardized amounts and were called (9) … . To prevent (10) …, or the copying of banknotes, banks adopted a number of security devices such as a design on the sheets of paper used to make money. This design is called a (11) … .
Nowadays, each country has its own system of safeguarding the currency. This system is called (12) … .
Exercise 5.Sentences 1 to 10 make up a short text about Eurocurrencies. Complete each sentences, by taking a middle part from the second box and an end from the third box:
| 1. A Eurocurrency is any currency held
2. Thus Eurocurrency do not necessarily
3. The Euromarket developed during the Cold War in the early 1950s,
4. This pool of dollars was later augmented by
5. The Euromarkets are still concentrated in London because
6. Since banks are not obliged to deposit any of their Eurocurrency assets
7. Therefore, international companies
8. Because the United States was, by definition,
9. Consequently in the early 1980s,
10. This succeeded in bringing
|
| a. American trade deficit, and, after the 1974 and 1979 oil price rises,
b. at zero interest with the central bank,
c. have anything to do with Europe,
d. outside its country of origin,
e. some Eurodollar business
f. the American government allowed US banks special international banking facilities,
g. the one country that could not do Eurodollar business,
h. there are fewer governmental regulations there than in most other financial centers,
i. using US dollar for trade,
j. when the Russians, who were afraid that the Americans might freeze their dollar accounts in New York,
|
| k. American banks were losing business.
l. and because the European time-zone is half-way between those of Japan and the USA.
m. back to New York City.
n. millions of “petrodollars” deposited by the newly-rich oil-producing countries.
o. often prefer to borrow Eurodollars.
p. so the name is not a very good one.
q. such as US$ in France, Yen in the US, or Euro in Japan.
r. they can give better interest rates (to both borrowers and depositors) than US-based banks.
s. transferred them to Europe, particularly to banks in London.
t. without reserve requirements and interest rate limits.
|
Exercise 6.Translate into English.
1. Більшість країн використовує високоякісний папір для виготовлення грошей. 2. Одна з головних переваг грошей над бартером – це те, що гроші можна ділити на частини. 3. Головна різниця між бартерною та грошовою економікою полягає в тому, що при бартерній економіці вам слід шукати когось, хто мав би те, що ви хочете, і хотів би те, що ви маєте. 4. Гроші дають нам змогу встановлювати ціну товару. 5. Гроші – це засіб, що дає нам можливість робити обмін. 6. Гроші дають змогу нам робити покупки коли-небудь у майбутньому, використовуючи вартість чогось, що ми продаємо сьогодні. 7. Валюта – це паперові гроші та монети, якими користуємося майже щодня.
Exercise 7.Communicative situations:
1. Money is the root of all evil.
2. Money is the guarantee of security.
3. “Time is money” (B. Franklin)
4. Money put in a bank is as safe as anything in this world can be.
Все темы данного раздела:
Технічних ВНЗ
Затверджено
на засіданні вченої ради
Протокол № від
Краматорськ
ДДМА
2013
УДК 811.111
Шевченко О. П., Купрікова С В
Ш 37 Англійська мова : методичний посібник для магістрантів технічних ВНЗ / О. П. Шевченко, С. В. Купрікова. – Краматорськ : ДДМА, 2013 – 162 с.
ISBN
Посібник скла
СONTENT
1 ENGLISH FOR ECONOMISTS.................................................................. 5
UNIT 1.........................................................
Key words and phrases
to provide – забезпечувати
production – виробництво
distribution – розповсюдження
exchange – обмін
resources – ресурси
to satisfy one’s wants – задоволь
What is economics?
Human wants are unlimited, but the resources necessary to satisfy those wants are limited. Thus, every society is faced with the identical problem, the problem of scarcity. Since there is not enoug
Language work
Exercise 1. Read the terms given below and their definitions. Practice until you can explain them in English. Then find the Ukrainian equivalent to the.
Grammar
Exercise 8.Complete this story. Put was, were, wasn’t and weren’t in the correct spaces.
1. A friend of mine was a car mechanic in a garage a
Key words and phrases
economic incentives – економічні стимули
interest rates – відсотки за вкладами
profit motive – мотив прибутку
wealth – майно
source of wealth – джерела майна
Economic theories
1776 is the year that we associate with the signing of the Declaration of Independence, also marked the publication in England of one of the most influential books of our time “The Wealth of the Na
Language work
Exercise 1.Label the following statements with the names of the economists whose ideas they describe:
Adam Smith John Maynard Keynes Milton Friedman Robert
The founder of IBM
Thomas J.Watson Senior (begin) his business career as a sewing machine salesman and later, when he (became) President of IBM, he (use) his sales techniques to promote the company’s name. There (be)
Key words and phrases
applicant – претендент, кандидат
to ascertain – з’ ясовувати
bonus – премія
conditions – умови
to dismiss – розпускати
dimension of quantity – вимірюван
Personal management
The personnel department is concerned with the provision and maintenance of a workforce. There are two dimensions to the task. The first is to ensure that employees are available in the right numbe
Language work
Exercise 1.Match each sentence or word in the left-hand column with the best meaning in the right-hand column.
1.
Grammar
Exercise 7.Ask and answer more questions about the Monte Carlo Convention Centre. Put the words in the right order to make the questions.
1. are, Centre, hotels, how, many
Key words and phrases
responsibility – відповідальність
marketing department –відділ маркетингу
to promote – сприяти
purchaser – покупець
broadly speaking – взагалі
market re
International marketing
Having made a product the problem becomes to find someone who will buy it. It’s the responsibility of the marketing department to promote and organize the sale of products to the purchaser. Broadly
Language work
Exercise 1.All the words below can be combined with price in two-word partnership: e.g. price war, retail price. Add the word price either before or after each of t
Grammar
Exercise 8.Express the following in the Passive Voice:
1. Partners brought additional funds to a proprietorship. 2. You received a wage in return for worki
Key words and phrases
account – рахунок
accrue – збільшуватися, зростати
asset – актив
double-entry – подвійний запис
ledger – бухгалтерська книга, баланс
liability – пасив,
Bookkeeping and accounting
Bookkeeping is an essential accounting tool. A small business or company may employ only one bookkeeper, who records all of the financial data by hand; large organizations may employ many bookkeepe
Language work
Exercise 1.Match each sentence or word in the left-hand column with the best meaning in the right-hand column.
1.
Grammar
Exercise 8.Write sentences using the words in brackets. Use mustn’t or don’t have to.
1. This information is highly confidential. (tell anyone) 2. This rep
Key words and phrases
balance sheet – балансовий звіт
cost – ціна, вартість
entity – суть, особа, організація
expenses – витрати
financial affairs – фінансові питання
gross m
A global view of finance
An accountant may be compared to a skilled laboratory technician who takes blood samples and other measures of a person’s health and writes the findings on a health report (a set of financial state
Language work
Exercise 1.Financial vocabulary covers several areas, including economics, banking, marketing, personal finance and financial planning. Here is a selection of key w
Grammar
Exercise 8.Translate the sentences.
1. The cargo to be insured by the seller with a first-class company or underwriters. 2. The vessel to be addressed to t
Grammar
Exercise 8.Translate the sentences.
1. The devaluation of the pound sterling is known to have led to a rise of the prices of all goods imported into Englis
Key words and phrases
to supervise – спостерігати
interest rate – процентна ставка
lender – позичатель
to trade – продавати
current account – поточний рахунок
saving account
Banking
Banks are among the most important financial institutions. The way in which a bank is organized and operates is determined by its objectives. The first and most important function of a central bank
Language work
Exercise 1.This exercise defines the most important kinds of bank. Complete the text using these words:
central banks
commercia
Grammar
Exercise 7.Change the following sentences using participle phrases instead of the subordinate clauses.
1. People who hold bonds and stocks hope to realize
Key words and phrases
essential – невіддільний
take off – мати місце
limited company – компанія з обмеженою відповідальністю
initially – початково
provide – забезпечувати
sha
Stocks, shares and take-overs
Before a business can function 2 ingredients are essential: people and money without either, no business could take off.
For the limited company, funds are initially provided by the shareh
Language work
Exercise 1.Complete the sentences using these words:
arbitrageurs
market-makers
bears
shareholders
Grammar
Exercise 7.Change the following complex sentences into simple one using the Objective Participle Complex.
1. I noticed them as they were trying to sell the
Key words and phrases
on credit – в кредит
collection – грошовий збір, інкасація
cash in advance – грошовий аванс
letter of credit – акредитив
documentary collection (draft) – докумен
Methods of payment in foreign trade
The flow of money across national borders is complex and requires the use of special documents. Foreign trade usually is financed on credit. Exporters rarely get paid right away because of collecti
Language work
Exercise 1.Make a proper selection.
1. irrevocable letter of credit
2. revocable letter of credit
Grammar
Exercise 7.Change these sentences according to the models.
Model A: Are they still discussing the problem? – No, they’ve just finished discussing.
Auditing
Auditing, the oldest area of practice, remains the largest for many firms. An audit is a сertified public accountants examination of a company’s financial statements in order to express an opinion
Language work
Exercise 1.Match the following terms (1 – 14) with the correct definition (a – n) on the right.
1. statutory audit
2.
Grammar
Exercise 6.Put the verbs in brackets into Present or Future tense.
A: What time does Mr Tanaka’s flight arrive at Heathrow?
B: He gets in at 10.30
International taxation
Taxation is used to finance government expenditure. It represents a transfer of income from individuals, groups and organizations to the government.
Taxes may be classified under various h
Language work
Exercise 1.Match the following terms (1 – 8) with the correct definition (a – h) on the right.
1. taxation
2. direct tax
3.
Grammar revision
Test 1.Choose the right variant.
1. When, Ann last? – I___her since she ____ to another city.
a) have you seen, haven't seen, has moved
b) did you see, d
Key words and phrases
layout – макет
workshop – майстерня
assemble – збиратися
batch – партія
convert – конвертувати
inventory – інвентаризація
breakdown – розбивка
Production
Production management is concerned with planning and controlling industrial processes which produce and distribute products and services. Techniques of production management are also used in servic
Language work
Exercise 1. Match the words that go together and then complete the sentences below.
quality material
finished manager
industrial lines
productio
Grammar
Exercise 6.Translate the sentences.
1. There are two kinds of transformations which are known as physical and chemical changes. 2. There are several kinds of energy in nat
Key words and phrases
academic research – наукове дослідження
applied research – прикладне дослідження
development and evaluation research – розробка та
оцінка досліджень
analyst – ан
Research and development
Research and development (R and D) is the search for new and improved products and industrial processes. Both industrial firms and governments carry out Rand D. Innovations in products or processes
Language work
Exercise 1. Match the term with the correct definition.
applied research the study of pure scientific principles
clinical research the study of the parts and thei
Grammar
Exercise 7.Translate into Ukrainian.
2. I’m afraid I'll be late.
3. We’ll be happy to see you in Moscow again, Mr. Clark.
4. I'm sure the work will be su
Key words and phrases
store – зберігати
formats – формати
manipulation of digital data – маніпуляція цифрових даних
basic – основний
network – мережа
software – програмне заб
Information technology
Information systems collect, organize, store, process, retrieve and display information in different formats (text. video, and voice). Information technology allows very fast automated manipulation
Language work
Exercise 1.Combine one word from A and one word from B and match it with the appropriate definition in C.
A
B
Grammar
Exercise 6. Make the following statements interrogative:
1. I often go to the cinema.
2. I'm busy till half past eleven.
3. She lives in Moscow.
Key words and phrases
Behavior – поведінка
branch of engineering and physics – галузь техніки і фізики
entertainment – розваги
control systems – системи управління
circuits - схеми
Electronics
Electronics is a branch of engineering and physics. It deals with the emission, behavior, and effects of electrons for the generation, transmission, reception, and storage of information. Th
Language work
Exercise 1.Choose the correct word in the following sentences. Translate them.
1. Transistors / inductors are the key component in electronics.
2. They consist of
Senior Electronics Design Engineer
The Senior Electronics Design Engineer will be responsible for enhancing and supporting the entire electronic design process, including, but not limited to:
- electronic product developmen
Grammar
Exercise 7. Translate into Ukrainian.
1. The experiment will be described in several journals.
2. A conference on those problems is being held now.
3. Th
Exercise 10. Paraphrase using Passive.
Ex: They are going to interviewsome other candidates.–Some other candidates are going to be interviewed.
1. They are going to interviewthree girls for a job.
Key words and phrases
scrap – брухт
add value – додана вартість
commitment – зобов'язання
to facilitate – сприяти
inventory control – управління запасами
system failure analy
Quality
Quality means meeting the minimum set of requirements in a product's specification and then being delighted that the customer's expectations have been met and exceeded. Therefore, the goal of a bus
Health and Safety
The average person finds it difficult to assess risks. For this reason work practices need to be regulated. Examples of dangerous activities are:
- welding or grinding without goggles
Language work
Exercise 1.Choose the correct word in the following sentences.
1. We must check / control the temperature regularly to make sure it doesn't rise.
2. To com
Grammar
Exercise 6. Translate into Ukrainian.
1. Phone Bill at his office. He may still be there.
2. John may still be away in France. He might have a lot of work to do t
Key words and phrases
hydraulic – гідравлічний
highway – шосе
boiler – котел
crane – кран
gas engine – газовий двигун
machine tool – верстат
pump – насос
tu
Engineering
Engineering is based principally on physics, chemistry, and mathematics, and their extensions into materials science, solid and fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, transfer and rate processes, and sys
Chemical
The chemical industry covers the business that uses chemical reactions to turn raw materials, such as coal, oil, and salt into different products. Technological advances in the chemical industry ha
Language work
Exercise 1.Match the following verbs with the correct definition.
anneal
to melt metal and then pour it into a form, e.g. iron
Grammar
Exercise 7.Translate into Ukrainian.
1. She's gone to collect her pay cheque.
2. The three bears went into the forest to find firewood.
3. To be or not t
Key words and phrases
amplify – посилювати
аttenuation – затухання
coaxial cable – коаксіальний кабель
copper wire – мідний дріт
metallic-pair circuit – металеві пари схемою
Telecommunications Technology
Telecommunications technology transmits information by electromagnetic means over media such as telephone wires or radio waves. The information may be voice, facsimile, data, radio, or television s
Language work
Exercise 1. Match each of the following words with its definition.
wire a device which maps the binary strings into coded bits or waveforms for transmissio
TELECOMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATE COURSE
COURSE NAME COURSE DETAILS
Telecommunications Introduction to the _________
Fundamentals of information
Telecommunications Hands-on practical experiments Fundamentals Lab
Grammar
Exercise 6. Translate intoUkrainian minding Complex Object.
1. We noticed the woman enter the house through the back door.
2. I saw them walk along the road.
Key words and phrases
carpenter –тесляр
mason – каменяр
plasterer – штукатур
plumber – водопровідник
quantity surveyor – кошторисник
roofer – покрівельник
caisson –
Construction
Construction means the erection or assembly of large structures, primarily those which provide shelter, such as commercial and residential buildings. It also includes major works such as ships, air
Language work
Exercise 1.Choose the correct word in the following sentences.
1. A flat roof is usually covered in roofing felt / skin for protection against the w
Grammar
Exercise 6.Translate into Ukrainian minding Complex Subject.
1. She is known to live in France.
2. The film festival was reported to take place in
Key words and phrases
ground fault - замикання на землю
gvercurrent - надструмів
overload - перевантаження
short circuit - коротке замикання
dustproof - захищений від пилу
ex
Electrical Engineering
Electrical engineering deals with the practical application of the theory of electricity to the construction and manufacture of systems, devices and assemblies that use electric power and signals.
Language work
Exercise 1.Express each of these ideas as a compound.
1. a board consisting of a number of panels
2. material that does not allow water to get int
Grammar
Exercise 6.Translate into Ukrainian. Point out the form and function of Participle.
1. We would like to contact someone in your institute interested in our programme and s
Key words and phrases
to apply – 1.застосовувати, 2.звертатись до, подати заяву
apprenticeship – учнівство, навчання професії
craftsman – майстер, ремісник
current – 1.струм, 2. сучасний, пото
Engineering Profession
Engineering is a science of applying knowledge of properties of matter and natural sources of the energy to practical problems of industry. It deals with different things: design and manufacture of
Language work
Exercise 1. Match the following words with their definitions:
1. to apply
2. current
3.to manufacture
4. occupation
5.
Grammar
Exercise 8.Translate into Ukrainian minding Gerund.
1. I understand perfectly your wishing to be a qualified specialist. 2. Everybody will discuss the event, there is
Key words and phrases
to designate – зазначати, визначати
community – співтовариство
to confer – присуджувати наукову ступінь, співставляти
to wield – володіти, мати в руках
negligent
Technological Culture and its Problems
That humans have been designated Homo faber (man the maker, tool user) rather| than Homo sapiens (man the wise, thinker) indicates the centrality of technology in the life of even t
Language work
Exercise 1.Check your understanding answering the questions:
1. What indicates the centrality of technology in the life of mankind?
2. What are the stages of tech
Grammar
Exercise 6. Point out the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction. State what kind of adverbial modifier it expresses.
1. The weather being dark and piercing cold, he
Коли урочисте засідання закінчилося, почався концерт.
Exercise 8. Translate into English, using the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction.
1) Коли принесли десерт, гості поспішили до столу, але Джон залишився на дворі.
Language work
Exercise 1. Make sentences putting the given words into a correct order using the text above:
1. 1951 – “genetic engineering” – novel Dragon’s Island,
Genetic ….. uses the techniques of molecular cloning to alter the structure and characteristics of genes.
2. For example, crop plants can be given a …. from an Arctic fish, so they produce an antifreeze protein in their leaves.
3. The antifreeze protein helps to …. frost damage.
4. Ot
Grammar
Exercise 7.Translate into Ukrainian.
1. If he agreed to speak at the conference, we'd all be very happy. 2. It would be very convenient for me if we could put off our appo
LITERATURE
1. Бахов И. С. Деловой английский. Практикум. / И. С. Бахов, Т. И. Вощина и др. – К. : МАУП, 2003. – 400 с.
2. Качалова К. Н., Израилевич Е. Е. Практическая грамматика английского языка /
Технічних ВНЗ
Редагування А. А. Красько
Комп’ютерне верстання О. П. Ордіна
78/2012. Формат 60 х 84/8. Ум. друк. арк. 5,81.
Обл.-вид. арк
Новости и инфо для студентов