Фонетические явления

Все темы данного раздела:

Гласные фонемы
[I] — монофтонг переднего отодвинутого назад ряда высокого подъема (широкой разновидности), краткий нелабиализованный. При произнесении [I] язык находится в передней части полости рта, средняя част

Согласные фонемы
[р], [b] — губно-губные смычные взрывные согласные. При их произнесении губы, смыкаясь, образуют полную преграду. Размыкание преграды осуществляется быстро и энергично, [р] — глухой согласный, прои

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРАВИЛА ЧТЕНИЯ ГЛАСНЫХ
  Ударный слог       в открытом слоге [ei] take, place, name, cake,

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРАВИЛА ЧТЕНИЯ СОГЛАСНЫХ
  перед е, i, у [s] face, city, bicycle   перед а, о, u [k] case, cat, cut, co

БУКВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ
  bt [t] debt, doubt, subtle   ght [t] light, night, right

In a Restaurant
Peter: What would you like to eat, Edith? Edith: A meat sandwich. Peter: Jean? Would you like a meat sandwich or a cheese sandwich? Jean: A cheese sandwich, please, Peter

Busy in the Kitchen
Billy: Mummy! Are you busy? Mother: Yes, I'm in the kitchen. Вi11y: Can I go swimming in Chichester with Jim this morning? Mother: Jim? Billy: Jim English. He's

An Expensive Holiday
Eddie: Hello, Ellen! Hello, Ben! Hello, Jenny! Ben: Hello, Eddie! Have a cigarette. Eddie: Thanks, Ben. Ellen: Help yourself to whiskey! J e n n y: It's on the s

A Bad Hijacker
Hostess Bradley: Alice! Perhaps that passenger is a hijacker! Hostess Allen: Which passenger, Anne? That sad man with the camera? He's wearing black slacks and a jacket. Hostess B

The End of the Adventure
Ken: Ted! Thank heaven! I was getting desperate. Ted: Hello there, Ken. Where are Jeff and the rest of the men? К е n: They left me in the tent with some eggs and some bread, and off they went.

Crackle, Crackle, Galactic Static
Gran: Jack, do you have to bang and slam on that piano like that? Jack: I'm practising for our new album. It's smashing. Gran: An album? You mean that racket you and your gang bas

Sports Reports from Channel 4
Announcer: This morning the Roarers football team arrived back from York. Paul Short is our sports reporter, and he was at the airport. Paul Short: Good morning. This is Paul Short. All th

Fawns, Horses And a Tortoise
Paul: Any more of these awful autumn storms, George, and we'll be short of corn. I ought to have bought some more in Northport. George: This morning, just before dawn, I thought I saw sign

The Worst Nurse
Sir Herbert: Nurse! Colonel Burton: Nurse! I'm thirsty! Sir Herbert: Nurse! My head hurts! Colonel Burton: NURSE!! Sir Herbert: Curse these nurses! Colo

I Love You
Russ: Honey, why are you so sad? (Janet says nothing) Russ: Honey, why are you so unhappy? I don't understand. Janet: You don't love me, Russ! R u s s: But, honey, I love

At a Party
Margaret: Where's your glass, Barbara? В а г b a r a: It's on the bar. Martin: Barbara! Margaret! Come into the garden! Martha and Charles are dancing in the dark. M a r

Making a Pass at Martha
Charlie: The dance doesn't start till half past, Martha. Let's park the car under the arch by Farmer Palmer's barn. It's not far. Ah, here we are. There's the farm cart. Martha: Ooh, Charl

In a Good School
Miss Luke: Good afternoon, girls. Girls: Good afternoon, Miss Luke. Miss Luke: This afternoon we're going to learn how to cook soup. Open your books at unit ţwenty-two.

A Pair of Hairbrushes
Mary: I've lost two small hairbrushes, Claire. They're a pair. Claire: Have you looked carefully everywhere? Mary: Yes. They're nowhere here. Claire: Have you looked upst

A Bearded Mountaineer
(Mr and Mrs Lear are on holiday in Austria) Mr Lear: Let's have a beer here, dear. Mrs Lear: What a good idea! They have very good beer here. We came here last year.

A Mouse in the House
Mrs Brown: (shouting loudly) I've found a mouse!! Mr Brown: Ow! You're shouting too loudly. Sit down and don't shout. Mrs Brown: (sitting down) I've found a mouse in

At the Railway Station
(Mr Grey is waiting at the railway station for a train) Mr Grey: Hey! This train's late! I've been waiting here for ages. Porter: Which train, sir? Mr Grey: The 8.

Mike, Myra and Violet
(Myra and Violet are typists in the library) Myra: (smiling) Hello, Mike! Mike: Hello, Myra. Hello, Violet. You're looking nice, Violet. (silence)

A Painting of a Boy
J a y: Do you like painting? Joy: Yes. I'm trying to paint a boy lying beside a lake. Do you like it? Jay: Hm ... Why don't you buy some oil paints? J о у: I don't enjoy

Passports, Please
(Mr and Mrs Tupman are at the airport. They have just got off the plane from Paris.) О f f i с а 1: Passports, please! Mr Tupman:! think I've lost the passports, Poppy.

Happy Birthday
Bob: Hello, Barbara. Barbara: Hello, Bob. It's my birthday today. Bob: Oh, yes. Your birthday! Happy birthday, Barbara! Barbara: Thanks, Bob. Somebody gave me this blouse

A Bit of Beef at the Picnic
Paul: Picnics! I detest picnics! Kate: Paul, do stop grumbling and get the basket out of the car. We couldn't stay indoors today. It's beautiful! Paul: I do like a proper Sunday d

A Damaged Telephone
Daisy: Dunstone 238-8282. Donald: Hello, Daisy. This is Donald. D i a s y: Oh hello, darling. Donald: What did you do yesterday, Daisy? You forgot our date, didn't you?

Waiting for Templetons
Tessa: What time did you tell Templetons to get here, Martin? Martin: Any time between 10 and 12. Tessa: But it's after two! They're terribly late! Martin: Why didn't you

Guests in August
Craig: I've just got a telegram from Margaret and Greg. Carol: Are they coming to England again? Craig: Yes. At the beginning of August. Carol: Good. We can all get toget

The Cuckoo Clock
Mrs Cook: Would you like some cream in your coffee, Mrs Clark? Mrs С 1 a r k: No thank you. But I'd like a little milk. Mrs Cook: Would you like some chocolate cakes? Mrs

Eggs from the Greek Grocer
Gladys: Gran, I'm hungry. Can we go home? Granny: Grumbling again, Gladys! A great big girl like you. Now take my grey bag and go and get some eggs from the grocer, there's a good girl.

Cash in the Ice-Cream Carton
Colin: OK, Mike. At six o'clock you take a taxi to the bank. Max will come out with the cash in a cream-coloured case... Mike: I'm to collect the cash? Colin: Of course. Don't ask

At an Accommodation Agency
Mr Mason: Good morning. I want an apartment in central London. Manager: Certainly, sir. How much rent did you want to pay? Mr Mason: No more than $27 a month. Manager: $2

Noisy Neighbours
Mr P r i n g: (angrily) Bang! Bang! Bang! What are the Kings doing at seven o'clock on Sunday morning? Mrs P r i n g: Well, Mr King is singing. Mr P r i n g: Yes, but what'

A King and a Song
I n g r i d: There once was a king — Mungo: King of England? I n g r i d: No. This king's kingdom was far-flung, stretching along the banks of every winding river, spreading into

A Fine View
V e r a: Has your family lived here for very long? Victor: Five and a half years. We arrived on the first of February. V e r a: What a fine view you have! Victor: Yes. I love livi

A Walk in the Woods
G w e n: Did you see Victor on Wednesday, Wendy? Wendy: Yes. We went for a walk in the woods near the railway. G w e n: Wasn't it cold on Wednesday? Wendy: Yes. It was ve

A Visit to Vladivostok
Oliver: Victor, have you ever visited Vladivostok? Victor: Never. In fact, I haven't travelled further than Liverpool. Oliver: I've had an invitation from the University of Vladiv

Twenty Foreign Visitors
W i 1 m a: What are you giving your foreign visitors on Wednesday evening, Winnie? How many — twelve, is it? Winnie: Twenty. Twelve of William's Swedish representatives, eight of them with

Surprises in the Post Office
Mns Smith: This parcel smells, Mrs Jones. M r s Jones: Something's written on it. M r s S m i t h: What does it say? Mrs!Jones:It says: This parcel contains six m

A Sweet Siamese Student
Sam: That Siamese student seems a nice sort of person. Stan: Yes. serious, sensible — a bit insecure, perhaps. Eldest of six — the rest still at school. S a m: I see her sister so

A Special Washing Machine
Mrs Marsh: Does this shop sell washing machines? Mr Shaw: Yes. This is the newest washing machine, madam. Mrs M a r s h: Is it Swedish? Mr Shaw: No, madam. It's English.

George Churchill
Jerry: Just outside this village there's a very dangerous bridge. John: Yes. Charles told me two jeeps crashed on it in January. What happened? Jerry: Well George Churchill was th

Early for Lunch
Mr Alien: Hello, Lily. You're looking lovely today. Waitress: Hello, Mr Alien. You're early for lunch. It's only eleven o'clock. Mr Alien: When I come later there's usually nothin

A Proud Parent
Mrs Randal: Are" all the children grown up now, Ruth? Mrs R e e d: Oh yes. Laura is the cleverest one. She's a librarian in the public library. Mrs Randal: Very interesting.

A Lovely Little lion
Billy: I love wild life in its natural element. Look at all your lovely animals, Lucy. Lots and lots. Lucy: Eleven, actually. Billy: And look! Here's a lovely little lion — a real

The Respective Merits of Frogs and Rabbits
Roger: My rabbit can roar like a rhinoceros. Barry: Rubbish! Rabbits don't roar, Roger. Roger: You're wrong, Barry. My rabbit's an Arabian rabbit. They're very rare. When he's ang

A Dreadful Train Crash
P r u e: Weren't you in that train crash on Friday, Fred? Fred: Oh Prue, it's like a dreadful dream. P r u e: A tractor — isn t that right? — crossing a bridge with a trailer of f

Gossips
Judith: Edith Smith is only thirty. Ethel: Is she? I thought, she was thirty-three. Judith: Edith's birthday was last Thursday. Ethel: Was it? 1 thought it was last month. Judith: The Smit

The Hat in the Window
Miss Brothers: I want to buy the hat in the window. Assistant: There are three hats together in the window, madam. Do you want the one with the feathers? Miss Brothers: No. The ot

A Horrible Accident
Helen: Hello, Ellen. Ellen: Hello, Helen. Have you heard? There's been a horrible accident. Helen: Oh dear! What's happened? Ellen: Hilda Higgins' husband has had an acci

To a False Friend
(by Th. Hood) Our hands have met, but not our hearts; Our hands will never meet again. Friends, if we have ever been, Friends, we cannot now remain; I o

UNIT 26. WEAK FORMS OF WORDS
The use of weak forms is an essential part of English speech and you must learn to use the weak forms of 33 English words if you want your English to sound English. Some words have more than one we

A Few General Rules
(a) Always stress the syllable before one that's pronounced [fn] -ssion/-tion, [fs] -cious/-tious, [fl] -cial/-tíal, etc. e. g. a'ttention 'spacious ,arti'ficia

Синтагма
В предложении могут быть одна или несколько синтагм или интонационных групп. Синтагмой называется относительно законченный по смыслу отрезок предложения. Синтагма может состоять из одного сл

Table of Notation in the Text
Каждая синтагма заканчивается восходящим или нисходящим тоном последнего ударн

LOGICAL STRESS ЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ УДАРЕНИЕ
Логическое ударение -- это особое средство выделения какого-либо слова, используемого в качестве интонационного средства противопоставления или усиления. Слово с логическим ударением

Looking For Something Pretty
Salesgirl: Good morning, madam. Can I help you at all? Annabel: Well, I'm looking for a dress. Something to wear at the theatre. Something pretty. Salesgirl: Certainly, mad

UNIT 10. INTONATION OF SPECIAL QUESTIONS ИНТОНАЦИЯ СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫХ ВОПРОСОВ
Специальные вопросы обычно произносятся нисходящим тоном. Например:

He Has One Rabbit at Home
Teacher: "Who can tell me how much five and one make?" No answer. Teacher: "Suppose I give you five rabbits and then another rabbit. How many rabbits would you have?&

Morning and Evening
— What time do you get up as a rule? — Generally about half past seven. — Why so early? — Because I usually catch an early train up to town. — When do you get to

Afternoon Tea
— Good afternoon, Mrs. White, how are you? — Very well indeed, thank you, and how are you? — Quite well, thank you. Won't you sit down. Excuse me, please. I think that's my niece

Every Cloud Has Its Silver Lining
The father was reading the school report which had just been handed to him by his hopeful son. His brow was wrathful as he read, "English — poor, French — weak, mathematics — poor," and h

Cinderella
Once upon a time there lived a young girl called Cinderella. She had a step-mother and two ugly step-sisters. One day the Prince invited them to a ball. The ugly sisters went but Cinderella had to

Too Great a Majority
George Bernard Show's gift of ready wit is well-illustrated by the story of how he turned the laugh against a member of the public who was expressing disapproval of one of his plays. It wa

I. JOKES
BABY BEGINS TO SPEAK "I've had a dreadful day," the wife complained to her husband. "First the baby cut his first tooth, then he took his first step, and then he fell and kn

II. TALES
THE COUNTRY MOUSE AND THE CITY MOUSE Once upon a time a city mouse visited his cousin in the country. The country mouse shared his simple but wholesome food. Peas, barley, corn, tasty root

The Moral
A simple meal eaten in peace is better than a banquet eaten in fear and trembling. THE FOX AND THE GRAPES One hot summer day the fox hunted for miles and miles without seei

The Moral
Only a fool will despise what he cannot get for himself. LITTLE RED RIDING-HOOD Once upon a time there was a little girl who was very pretty and very good. Her mother and her gran

III. TEXTS
WASHINGTON New York is a place to have fun. San Francisco is great for a holiday, but Washington is wonderful for tourists, because there are so many famous and historical places to see.

IV. LECTURES
WHY USE GAMES? (by Julia Khan) Characteristics of games What is a game? Everyone feels intuitively that they know but definition is elusive. Perhaps we can say that, "

V. POEMS
LITTLE ROBIN REDBREAST Little Robin Redbreast sat upon a tree, Up went Pussy-cat and down went he; Down came Pussy-cat and away Robin ran; Said littte Robin Redb

WRITTEN IN MARCH (by William Wordsworth)
The cock is crowing, The stream is flowing, The small birds twitter, The lake doth[14] glitter, The green field sleeps in the sun; The oldest and younge

CONTENTS
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