Too Great a Majority - раздел Иностранные языки, Колыхалова О.А., Махмурян К.С.Учитесь говорить по-английски: Фонетический практикум. - М.: Гуманит. изд. центр ВЛАДОС, 1998. 232 с George Bernard Show's Gift Of Ready Wit Is Well-Illustrated By The Story Of H...
George Bernard Show's gift of ready wit is well-illustrated by the story of how he turned the laugh against a member of the public who was expressing disapproval of one of his plays.
It was the first night of "Arms and the Man", a play which had an enthusiastic reception from a crowded house. When the curtains fell at the end of the last act there was tremendous applause accompanied by insistent calls for the author to appear. One man in the gallery however kept up a string of catcalls and whistling thus expressing his disapproval.
Shaw appeared before the curtain and waited in silence until the applause had died away. Then looking up at the hostile critic he said, "I quite agree with you, Sir, but what can we two do against all these people?"
UNIT 20. INTONATION OF PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION ИНТОНАЦИЯ ПРИЧАСТНОГО ОБОРОТА
Если причастный оборот стоит в начале предложения, то он произносится с восходящим тоном. Например:
Если причастный оборот стоит в конце предложения, он может быть выделен в отдельную синтагму либо нет в зависимости от отношения говорящего и произносится с нисходящим тоном. Например:
Exercise I. Mark the stresses and tunes and read the following sentences.
1. Having picked up Mr Dunn's papers from the library floor, she held them out to him.
2. Arriving back they found Ann in the sitting room reading magazines.
3. Closing the door gently she stole upstairs.
4. In the evening they caught some fish eating part of it and saving the rest for the breakfast.
5. A new road will soon be built joining the airport with the railway station.
6. Taking a book from the shelf, he sits down to read it.
7. Having been examined by the customs, the goods were let through.
8. She smiled remembering the joke.
9. Every now and then David raised his head from the book looking at the clock on the wall.
10. I hope you will write soon explaining your intentions.
11. The text being easy they didn't use the dictionary.
12. Having received his diploma he went to the Far East.
13. Having locked the door I saw that I had left my bag in the room.
14. Walking along the embankment I met an old friend of mine.
15. Our things having been packed we went to the station.
16. The story being funny I couldn't help laughing.
17. I felt very tired having worked the whole day in the sun.
18. The yacht lay well out in the middle of the river being carried down by the current.
19. When you enter the hall you will see a staircase leading to the basement.
20. Having slept two hours I felt refreshed and rested.
21. The play being a success, it was impossible to get tickets.
Exercise II. Complete the following sentences.
1. Having been wounded in the leg, he...
2. Having arrived in a big seaport, I...
3. Having been once found on the beach, the stone...
4. Judging by the colour of the sun, it...
5. Slamming the door on me, he...
6. Taking every thing into consideration, we...
7. Half-turning on his chair, he...
8. Being dissatisfied with the answer, she...
9. The night being too cold and dark, she...
10. The article being dull, she...
11. Waiting outside, we...
12. Striking a match, he...
13. Seeing her approach, John...
14. Having been seen by her, he...
Exercise III. Read the joke and retell it paying special attention to the intonation of Participial constructions.
Having seen an advertisement in a newspaper for a beautiful modern cheap bicycle, Tom went to the shop. Being busy with another customers the shopkeeper didn't come to Tom immediately. Waiting for the shopkeeper Tom attentively looked around the shop and saw one bicycle standing in the corner. The bicycle turned out to be exactly the one Tom had seen in the advertisement. But having examined it carefully he discovered that it lacked the lamp. Turning to the shopkeeper Tom angrily asked why there was no lamp. Being surprised by his anger the shopkeeper tried to explain that the lamp was not included in the price of the bicycle. Having heard this Tom said that the bicycle in the advertisement had the lamp. Having a good sense of humour the shopkeeper said calmly that there was also a girl on the bicycle in their advertisement but they didn't supply one of them with the bicycle either.
UNIT 21. INTONATION OF LOOSE ATTRIBUTE REFERRING TO SUBJECT ОПРЕДЕЛИТЕЛЬНОЕ ПРИДАТОЧНОЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ, ОТНОСЯЩЕЕСЯ К ПОДЛЕЖАЩЕМУ И СТОЯЩЕЕ ВНУТРИ ГЛАВНОГО ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ
Определительное придаточное предложение, находящееся внутри главного, произносится с восходящим тоном. Например:
Exercise I.Mark the stresses and tunes and read the following sentences.
1. The boy they are speaking to works in the bank.
2. The passage you are speaking about is a quotation from Mark Twain's story.
3. The man we have met in the hall is my neighbour.
4. Wilfrid, lying on the divan in a dark dressing-gown, sat up.
5. Captain Show, standing beside him, was unknown.
6. The cat who looked at me angrily was ready to jump.
7. Mr. Brown who had an imposing figure was neither lean nor stout.
8. The last person who entered the compartment was a pretty girl of about 20. ,
9. The room where we all were staying was spacious but rather dark.
10. Mr. Crane whose sister I knew once was a man of character.
11. The first person John saw in the club was his old friend.
12. The book she is referring to is written by a well-known reporter.
13. He who is ignorant of foreign languages, knows not his own.
14. He, who knows not how to hold his tongue, knows not how to talk.
15. He, who can, does. He who cannot, teaches.
16. He who laughs last, laughs best but he, who laughs first, sees the point of the utterance.
17. Everything that can be thought at all can be thought clearly. Everything that can be said, can be said cleverly.
18. The day, which had been a sad one, finally ended.
19. George, who was going home, saw the fire.
20. The house, which had been built long ago, finally collapsed.
21. The men, who had been forced to march, finally revolted.
22. The door we knocked at was painted green.
23. The children he plays with are all older than he.
24. The store where I bought the suit is located on Tenth Street.
25. The person I spoke to had a French accent.
26. The glass we all had to drink out of had a cracked edge.
27. The knife he cut himself with had a rusty blade.
28. The chair I sat on had a broken seat.
Exercise II.Complete the following sentences.
1. Mark Twain whose real name was Samuel Clemens was...
2. The Hermitage where you can see the best works of the best world painters is ...
3. Red Square where the Kremlin is situated is...
4. The dipoma he got last year helped...
5. The subject we were talking about...
6. The film I saw yesterday produced ...
7. The question we discussed last time was...
8. The hotel where we lived was...
9. The first person I saw on the deck was...
10. Mrs. Wilde whose son was killed during the war was...
Exercise III. Read the joke and retell it paying special attention to the intonation of the attribute referring to the Subject.
David who worked in an office in a big city, decided to spend his holidays somewhere in the country. The country where he decided to spend his holidays had a lot of streams. David who was fond of fishing took his fishing rod with him. The first person he saw near the stream was an old man. David asked the old man if it was a private stream and if it would be a crime to catch some fish there. The old man who was amused by the question said that it wouldn't be a crime but it would certainly he a miracle.
UNIT 22. INTONATION OF COMPOUND SENTENCES ИНТОНАЦИЯ СЛОЖНОСОЧИНЕННЫХ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ
В сложносочиненных повествовательных предложениях первая и вторая части их обычно произносятся с низким нисходящим тоном. Например:
Однако, если существует причинно-следственная связь, первая часть произносится с восходящей интонацией. Например:
Exercise I. Mark the stresses and tunes and read the following sentences.
1. Sunday is a holiday in Christian countries and Friday is a holiday in Muslim countries.
2. There are many holidays in Russia but the most favourite is New Year's Day.
3. It was raining hard and we decided to stay at home.
4. She was a beauty and he decided to get acquainted with her.
5. His clothes were dirty and he was afraid to ask where Mr. Rank's house was.
6. His father and mother were dead, his cousin was his only close relative.
7. He had brothers and sisters in London but he never saw them.
8. She felt afraid and excited, Hallowe'en was the night of the ghosts.
9. His child was kidnapped and he had to pay 10.000 dollars as a ransom.
10. He loved Ann but she didn't agree to marry him.
Exercise II. Complete the following sentences, make them compound.
1. Katherine of Aragon didn't give Henry the son and he...
2. Edward became King of England but he...
3. Katherine was eighteen and John...
4. She met him secretly at night but her husband...
5. Morning came at last and I...
6. They went by train and it...
7. They found Lucy's body in the coffin but she...
8. Her parents weren't interested with her any more and she...
9. Paul had other girl friends and sometimes Helen...
10. He didn't take her on the tour and she...
11. The students get tired towards the end of the term and they really...
12. In some English schools classes finish in early July but most schools finish in mid to late July.
ExerciseHI. Intone the text and read it.
One of the greatest Italian painters Michelangelo Merisi was born in 1573 and he was called Caravaggio after his native town in Lombardy. Caravaggio lived on the fringe of respectable society and his short life was marked by violence and disaster. He was in constant trouble with authority and he had to flee Rome in 1606 after the murder of a man. He was pardoned but soon he died of Malaria at the age of 37. He painted many famous pictures but his favourite one was "The Creation of Adam". Caravaggio's paintings were condemned by many artists and critics in Italy but two of the greatest painters in the 17th century Rembrandt and Velasquez considered themselves to be his followers.
Колыхалова О А Махмурян К С Учитесь говорить по английски Фонетический практикум М Гуманит изд центр ВЛАДОС...
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Too Great a Majority
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Гласные фонемы
[I] — монофтонг переднего отодвинутого назад ряда высокого подъема (широкой разновидности), краткий нелабиализованный. При произнесении [I] язык находится в передней части полости рта, средняя част
Согласные фонемы
[р], [b] — губно-губные смычные взрывные согласные. При их произнесении губы, смыкаясь, образуют полную преграду. Размыкание преграды осуществляется быстро и энергично, [р] — глухой согласный, прои
Фонетические явления
1. Палатализация— (palatalization) — смягчение согласных, возникает под влиянием следующих за ними гласных переднего ряда. Это явление характерно для русских согласных и выполняет
In a Restaurant
Peter: What would you like to eat, Edith?
Edith: A meat sandwich.
Peter: Jean? Would you like a meat sandwich or a cheese sandwich?
Jean: A cheese sandwich, please, Peter
Busy in the Kitchen
Billy: Mummy! Are you busy?
Mother: Yes, I'm in the kitchen.
Вi11y: Can I go swimming in Chichester with Jim this morning?
Mother: Jim?
Billy: Jim English. He's
An Expensive Holiday
Eddie: Hello, Ellen! Hello, Ben! Hello, Jenny!
Ben: Hello, Eddie! Have a cigarette.
Eddie: Thanks, Ben.
Ellen: Help yourself to whiskey!
J e n n y: It's on the s
A Bad Hijacker
Hostess Bradley: Alice! Perhaps that passenger is a hijacker!
Hostess Allen: Which passenger, Anne? That sad man with the camera? He's wearing black slacks and a jacket.
Hostess B
The End of the Adventure
Ken: Ted! Thank heaven! I was getting desperate. Ted: Hello there, Ken. Where are Jeff and the rest of the men? К е n: They left me in the tent with some eggs and some bread, and off they went.
Crackle, Crackle, Galactic Static
Gran: Jack, do you have to bang and slam on that piano like that?
Jack: I'm practising for our new album. It's smashing.
Gran: An album? You mean that racket you and your gang bas
Sports Reports from Channel 4
Announcer: This morning the Roarers football team arrived back from York. Paul Short is our sports reporter, and he was at the airport.
Paul Short: Good morning. This is Paul Short. All th
Fawns, Horses And a Tortoise
Paul: Any more of these awful autumn storms, George, and we'll be short of corn. I ought to have bought some more in Northport.
George: This morning, just before dawn, I thought I saw sign
The Worst Nurse
Sir Herbert: Nurse!
Colonel Burton: Nurse! I'm thirsty!
Sir Herbert: Nurse! My head hurts!
Colonel Burton: NURSE!!
Sir Herbert: Curse these nurses!
Colo
I Love You
Russ: Honey, why are you so sad? (Janet says nothing)
Russ: Honey, why are you so unhappy? I don't understand. Janet: You don't love me, Russ!
R u s s: But, honey, I love
At a Party
Margaret: Where's your glass, Barbara?
В а г b a r a: It's on the bar.
Martin: Barbara! Margaret! Come into the garden! Martha and Charles are dancing in the dark.
M a r
Making a Pass at Martha
Charlie: The dance doesn't start till half past, Martha. Let's park the car under the arch by Farmer Palmer's barn. It's not far. Ah, here we are. There's the farm cart.
Martha: Ooh, Charl
In a Good School
Miss Luke: Good afternoon, girls.
Girls: Good afternoon, Miss Luke.
Miss Luke: This afternoon we're going to learn how to cook soup. Open your books at unit ţwenty-two.
A Pair of Hairbrushes
Mary: I've lost two small hairbrushes, Claire. They're a pair.
Claire: Have you looked carefully everywhere?
Mary: Yes. They're nowhere here.
Claire: Have you looked upst
A Bearded Mountaineer
(Mr and Mrs Lear are on holiday in Austria)
Mr Lear: Let's have a beer here, dear.
Mrs Lear: What a good idea! They have very good beer here. We came here last year.
A Mouse in the House
Mrs Brown: (shouting loudly) I've found a mouse!!
Mr Brown: Ow! You're shouting too loudly. Sit down and don't shout.
Mrs Brown: (sitting down) I've found a mouse in
At the Railway Station
(Mr Grey is waiting at the railway station for a train)
Mr Grey: Hey! This train's late! I've been waiting here for ages.
Porter: Which train, sir?
Mr Grey: The 8.
Mike, Myra and Violet
(Myra and Violet are typists in the library)
Myra: (smiling) Hello, Mike!
Mike: Hello, Myra. Hello, Violet. You're looking nice, Violet.
(silence)
A Painting of a Boy
J a y: Do you like painting?
Joy: Yes. I'm trying to paint a boy lying beside a lake. Do you like it?
Jay: Hm ... Why don't you buy some oil paints?
J о у: I don't enjoy
Passports, Please
(Mr and Mrs Tupman are at the airport. They have just got off the plane from Paris.)
О f f i с а 1: Passports, please!
Mr Tupman:! think I've lost the passports, Poppy.
Happy Birthday
Bob: Hello, Barbara.
Barbara: Hello, Bob. It's my birthday today.
Bob: Oh, yes. Your birthday! Happy birthday, Barbara!
Barbara: Thanks, Bob. Somebody gave me this blouse
A Bit of Beef at the Picnic
Paul: Picnics! I detest picnics!
Kate: Paul, do stop grumbling and get the basket out of the car. We couldn't stay indoors today. It's beautiful!
Paul: I do like a proper Sunday d
A Damaged Telephone
Daisy: Dunstone 238-8282.
Donald: Hello, Daisy. This is Donald.
D i a s y: Oh hello, darling.
Donald: What did you do yesterday, Daisy? You forgot our date, didn't you?
Waiting for Templetons
Tessa: What time did you tell Templetons to get here, Martin?
Martin: Any time between 10 and 12.
Tessa: But it's after two! They're terribly late!
Martin: Why didn't you
Guests in August
Craig: I've just got a telegram from Margaret and Greg.
Carol: Are they coming to England again?
Craig: Yes. At the beginning of August.
Carol: Good. We can all get toget
The Cuckoo Clock
Mrs Cook: Would you like some cream in your coffee, Mrs Clark?
Mrs С 1 a r k: No thank you. But I'd like a little milk.
Mrs Cook: Would you like some chocolate cakes?
Mrs
Eggs from the Greek Grocer
Gladys: Gran, I'm hungry. Can we go home?
Granny: Grumbling again, Gladys! A great big girl like you. Now take my grey bag and go and get some eggs from the grocer, there's a good girl.
Cash in the Ice-Cream Carton
Colin: OK, Mike. At six o'clock you take a taxi to the bank. Max will come out with the cash in a cream-coloured case...
Mike: I'm to collect the cash?
Colin: Of course. Don't ask
At an Accommodation Agency
Mr Mason: Good morning. I want an apartment in central London.
Manager: Certainly, sir. How much rent did you want to pay?
Mr Mason: No more than $27 a month.
Manager: $2
Noisy Neighbours
Mr P r i n g: (angrily) Bang! Bang! Bang! What are the Kings doing at seven o'clock on Sunday morning?
Mrs P r i n g: Well, Mr King is singing.
Mr P r i n g: Yes, but what'
A King and a Song
I n g r i d: There once was a king —
Mungo: King of England?
I n g r i d: No. This king's kingdom was far-flung, stretching along the banks of every winding river, spreading into
A Fine View
V e r a: Has your family lived here for very long?
Victor: Five and a half years. We arrived on the first of February.
V e r a: What a fine view you have! Victor: Yes. I love livi
A Walk in the Woods
G w e n: Did you see Victor on Wednesday, Wendy?
Wendy: Yes. We went for a walk in the woods near the railway.
G w e n: Wasn't it cold on Wednesday?
Wendy: Yes. It was ve
A Visit to Vladivostok
Oliver: Victor, have you ever visited Vladivostok?
Victor: Never. In fact, I haven't travelled further than Liverpool.
Oliver: I've had an invitation from the University of Vladiv
Twenty Foreign Visitors
W i 1 m a: What are you giving your foreign visitors on Wednesday evening, Winnie? How many — twelve, is it?
Winnie: Twenty. Twelve of William's Swedish representatives, eight of them with
Surprises in the Post Office
Mns Smith: This parcel smells, Mrs Jones.
M r s Jones: Something's written on it.
M r s S m i t h: What does it say?
Mrs!Jones:It says: This parcel contains six m
A Sweet Siamese Student
Sam: That Siamese student seems a nice sort of person.
Stan: Yes. serious, sensible — a bit insecure, perhaps. Eldest of six — the rest still at school.
S a m: I see her sister so
A Special Washing Machine
Mrs Marsh: Does this shop sell washing machines?
Mr Shaw: Yes. This is the newest washing machine, madam.
Mrs M a r s h: Is it Swedish?
Mr Shaw: No, madam. It's English.
George Churchill
Jerry: Just outside this village there's a very dangerous bridge.
John: Yes. Charles told me two jeeps crashed on it in January. What happened?
Jerry: Well George Churchill was th
Early for Lunch
Mr Alien: Hello, Lily. You're looking lovely today.
Waitress: Hello, Mr Alien. You're early for lunch. It's only eleven o'clock.
Mr Alien: When I come later there's usually nothin
A Proud Parent
Mrs Randal: Are" all the children grown up now, Ruth?
Mrs R e e d: Oh yes. Laura is the cleverest one. She's a librarian in the public library.
Mrs Randal: Very interesting.
A Lovely Little lion
Billy: I love wild life in its natural element. Look at all your lovely animals, Lucy. Lots and lots.
Lucy: Eleven, actually.
Billy: And look! Here's a lovely little lion — a real
The Respective Merits of Frogs and Rabbits
Roger: My rabbit can roar like a rhinoceros.
Barry: Rubbish! Rabbits don't roar, Roger.
Roger: You're wrong, Barry. My rabbit's an Arabian rabbit. They're very rare. When he's ang
A Dreadful Train Crash
P r u e: Weren't you in that train crash on Friday, Fred?
Fred: Oh Prue, it's like a dreadful dream.
P r u e: A tractor — isn t that right? — crossing a bridge with a trailer of f
Gossips
Judith: Edith Smith is only thirty. Ethel: Is she? I thought, she was thirty-three. Judith: Edith's birthday was last Thursday. Ethel: Was it? 1 thought it was last month.
Judith: The Smit
The Hat in the Window
Miss Brothers: I want to buy the hat in the window.
Assistant: There are three hats together in the window, madam. Do you want the one with the feathers?
Miss Brothers: No. The ot
A Horrible Accident
Helen: Hello, Ellen.
Ellen: Hello, Helen. Have you heard? There's been a horrible accident.
Helen: Oh dear! What's happened?
Ellen: Hilda Higgins' husband has had an acci
To a False Friend
(by Th. Hood)
Our hands have met, but not our hearts;
Our hands will never meet again.
Friends, if we have ever been,
Friends, we cannot now remain;
I o
UNIT 26. WEAK FORMS OF WORDS
The use of weak forms is an essential part of English speech and you must learn to use the weak forms of 33 English words if you want your English to sound English. Some words have more than one we
A Few General Rules
(a) Always stress the syllable before one that's pronounced [fn] -ssion/-tion, [fs] -cious/-tious, [fl] -cial/-tíal, etc.
e. g. a'ttention 'spacious ,arti'ficia
Синтагма
В предложении могут быть одна или несколько синтагм или интонационных групп. Синтагмой называется относительно законченный по смыслу отрезок предложения. Синтагма может состоять из одного сл
LOGICAL STRESS ЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ УДАРЕНИЕ
Логическое ударение -- это особое средство выделения какого-либо слова, используемого в качестве интонационного средства противопоставления или усиления. Слово с логическим ударением
Looking For Something Pretty
Salesgirl: Good morning, madam. Can I help you at all?
Annabel: Well, I'm looking for a dress. Something to wear at the theatre. Something pretty.
Salesgirl: Certainly, mad
He Has One Rabbit at Home
Teacher: "Who can tell me how much five and one make?" No answer.
Teacher: "Suppose I give you five rabbits and then another rabbit. How many rabbits would you have?&
Morning and Evening
— What time do you get up as a rule?
— Generally about half past seven.
— Why so early?
— Because I usually catch an early train up to town.
— When do you get to
Afternoon Tea
— Good afternoon, Mrs. White, how are you?
— Very well indeed, thank you, and how are you?
— Quite well, thank you. Won't you sit down. Excuse me, please. I think that's my niece
Every Cloud Has Its Silver Lining
The father was reading the school report which had just been handed to him by his hopeful son. His brow was wrathful as he read, "English — poor, French — weak, mathematics — poor," and h
Cinderella
Once upon a time there lived a young girl called Cinderella. She had a step-mother and two ugly step-sisters. One day the Prince invited them to a ball. The ugly sisters went but Cinderella had to
I. JOKES
BABY BEGINS TO SPEAK
"I've had a dreadful day," the wife complained to her husband. "First the baby cut his first tooth, then he took his first step, and then he fell and kn
II. TALES
THE COUNTRY MOUSE AND THE CITY MOUSE
Once upon a time a city mouse visited his cousin in the country. The country mouse shared his simple but wholesome food. Peas, barley, corn, tasty root
The Moral
A simple meal eaten in peace is better than a banquet eaten in fear and trembling.
THE FOX AND THE GRAPES
One hot summer day the fox hunted for miles and miles without seei
The Moral
Only a fool will despise what he cannot get for himself.
LITTLE RED RIDING-HOOD
Once upon a time there was a little girl who was very pretty and very good. Her mother and her gran
III. TEXTS
WASHINGTON
New York is a place to have fun. San Francisco is great for a holiday, but Washington is wonderful for tourists, because there are so many famous and historical places to see.
IV. LECTURES
WHY USE GAMES? (by Julia Khan)
Characteristics of games
What is a game? Everyone feels intuitively that they know but definition is elusive. Perhaps we can say that, "
V. POEMS
LITTLE ROBIN REDBREAST
Little Robin Redbreast sat upon a tree,
Up went Pussy-cat and down went he;
Down came Pussy-cat and away Robin ran;
Said littte Robin Redb
WRITTEN IN MARCH (by William Wordsworth)
The cock is crowing,
The stream is flowing,
The small birds twitter,
The lake doth[14] glitter,
The green field sleeps in the sun;
The oldest and younge
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