Колыхалова О.А., Махмурян К.С.Учитесь говорить по-английски: Фонетический практикум. - М.: Гуманит. изд. центр ВЛАДОС, 1998. 232 с

 

 

Колыхалова О.А., Махмурян К.С.Учитесь говорить по-английски: Фонетический практикум. - М.: Гуманит. изд. центр ВЛАДОС, 1998. 232 с.

Практикум включает систему упражнений, обеспечивающих целенаправленную работу над произношением и техникой чтения английского языка; может быть использован как вводно-фонетический курс.

Практикум предназначен для студентов 1-2 курсов гуманитарных факультетов, а также для учащихся гимназий, лицеев и школ с углубленным изучением английского языка.

Введение

ЗВУКИ

Гласные фонемы

[i:] — долгий нелабиализованный дифтонгоид переднего ряда высокого подъема узкой разновидности. При произнесении [i:] язык находится в передней… Следует обратить внимание на неоднородность артикуляции дифтонгоида. [е] — монофтонг переднего ряда среднего подъема узкой разновидности, краткий нелабиализованный. При произнесении [е]…

Согласные фонемы

[k], [ɡ] — заднеязычные велярные смычные взрывные согласные. Задняя спинка языка касается мягкого неба, образуя полную преграду, [k] — глухой… [t], [d] — переднеязычные апикально-альвеолярные смычные взрывные согласные.… [f], [v] — губно-зубные щелевые фрикативные согласные. Артикуляционно совпадают с русскими согласными [ф, в]. Глухой…

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРАВИЛА ЧТЕНИЯ ГЛАСНЫХ

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРАВИЛА ЧТЕНИЯ СОГЛАСНЫХ

БУКВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ

Фонетические явления

2. Позиционная долгота гласных.Долгота кратких и долгих гласных находится в зависимости от позиции в слове; Ударные гласные являются наиболее… 3. Твердый приступ— задержка начала колебаний голосовых связок при артикуляции… 4. Ассимиляция(assimilation). Под ассимиляцией понимается качественное уподобление смежных согласных звуков. Так,…

PART I

UNIT 1. [i:] - [i]

Exercise I. Read the following words paying special attention to correct pronunciation.

1. [i:]			2. [i]		3. [i:]—	[i]
be	bead	beat	did	it	beat	bit
he	heed	heat	bid	bit	seat	sit
fee	feed	feet	lid	lit	feet	fit
see	seed	seat	kid	kit	eat	it
tea	teas	teeth	pill	pit	cheap	chip
pea	peas	peace	nib	nip	leak	lick
knee	knees	niece	rib	rip	peak	pick
					read	rid
					deed	did
					lead	lid
					teen	tin
					bean	bin
					heel	hill
					peel	pill

Exercise II.Read the following sense-groups, mind the rhythm and intonation.

(a) Pete; Pete eats; Pete eats meat; Pete eats lean meat; Steve and Pete eat lean meat; Steve and Pete eat lean meat and green beans; please, Steve and Pete, eat lean meat and green beans.

(b) ease; with equal ease; Japanese with equal ease; Chinese and Japanese with equal ease; speaks Chinese and Japanese with equal ease; he speaks Chinese and Japanese with equal ease.

Exercise III. Transcribe and intone the following sentences. Practise reading them in pairs.

[i:] (a) 1. Pleased to meet you.

2. Please, be seated.

3. Extreems meet.

4. Greek meets Greek.

5. How much cheese do you need?

6. It's easy to be wise after the event.

[i] (b) 1. It's the limit.

2. It isn't his business.

3. I think it's a little thick.

4. Bill's sister sings well.

5. Who sings English songs in his family?

[i:] — [i] (c) 1. Pete eats chiefly meat and Bill eats mainly fish.

2. Jimmy doesn't eat chicken. Eve doesn't eat cheese sandwiches.

3. Edith will be pleased to meet Bill, Peter and Eve.

4. Bill drinks coffee, Eve drinks tea.

5. Peter drinks whiskey, Jean drinks gin.

6. Who reads Greek myths in your family?

7. Will you still need me, will you still feed me when I am sixty-four.

Exercise IV.Read the tongue-twisters and learn them.

1. He went to sea to see what he could see and all he could see was sea, sea, sea.

2. I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice-cream.

Exercise V. Read the dialogues, mark the stresses and tunes. Learn them. Act out the dialogues.

In a Restaurant

Edith: A meat sandwich. Peter: Jean? Would you like a meat sandwich or a cheese sandwich? Jean: A cheese sandwich, please, Peter.

Busy in the Kitchen

Mother: Yes, I'm in the kitchen. Вi11y: Can I go swimming in Chichester with Jim this morning? Mother: Jim?

An Expensive Holiday

Ben: Hello, Eddie! Have a cigarette. Eddie: Thanks, Ben. Ellen: Help yourself to whiskey!

A Bad Hijacker

Hostess Allen: Which passenger, Anne? That sad man with the camera? He's wearing black slacks and a jacket. Hostess Bradley: No. That fat lady with the big black handbag in her left… Hostess Allen: Is she standing next to the lavatory?

The End of the Adventure

Ted: Where were they heading? Ken: West. In that direction. They said they'd bury the treasure under the… Ted: All ten of them went?

Crackle, Crackle, Galactic Static

Jack: I'm practising for our new album. It's smashing. Gran: An album? You mean that racket you and your gang bash out? Jack: We're not a gang, we're a fantastic jazz band. Sally and Janet, me on the piano, Alec on the sax — the Galactic…

Sports Reports from Channel 4

Paul Short: Good morning. This is Paul Short. All the footballers are walking towards me. Here's George Ball, the goalkeeper. Good morning,… George Ball: Good morning. Are you a reporter? Paul Short: Yes, I'm from Channel 4. Please tell our audience about the football match with York.

Fawns, Horses And a Tortoise

George: This morning, just before dawn, I thought I saw signs of a thaw.. I was sure... Paul: Ssh! Behind that door there are four fawns that were born in the storm.… George: Poor little fawns! Paul, what's that snorting next door?

The Worst Nurse

Colonel Burton: Nurse! I'm thirsty! Sir Herbert: Nurse! My head hurts! Colonel Burton: NURSE!!

I Love You

Russ: Honey, why are you so unhappy? I don't understand. Janet: You don't love me, Russ! R u s s: But, honey, I love you very much. Janet: That's untrue. You love my cousin, Sunny. You think she's lovely and I'm ugly.

At a Party

В а г b a r a: It's on the bar. Martin: Barbara! Margaret! Come into the garden! Martha and Charles are… M a r g a r e t: In the garden? What a laugh! Barbara: So they are! They're dancing on the grass!

Making a Pass at Martha

Martha: Ooh, Charlie, it's dark! Charlie: The stars are sparkling. My heart is enchanted. Martha you are —… Martha: Your father's car's draughty, Charlie. Pass me my scarf.

In a Good School

Girls: Good afternoon, Miss Luke. Miss Luke: This afternoon we're going to learn how to cook soup. Open your… P r u e: Excuse me, Miss Luke.

A Pair of Hairbrushes

Claire: Have you looked carefully everywhere? Mary: Yes. They're nowhere here. Claire: Have you looked upstairs?

A Bearded Mountaineer

Mr Lear: Let's have a beer here, dear. Mrs Lear: What a good idea! They have very good beer here. We came here last… Mr Lear: The atmosphere here is very clear.

A Mouse in the House

Mr Brown: Ow! You're shouting too loudly. Sit down and don't shout. Mrs Brown: (sitting down) I've found a mouse in the house. Mr В г о wn: A brown mouse?

At the Railway Station

Mr Grey: Hey! This train's late! I've been waiting here for ages. Porter: Which train, sir? Mr Grey: The 8.18 to Baker Street.

Mike, Myra and Violet

Myra: (smiling) Hello, Mike! Mike: Hello, Myra. Hello, Violet. You're looking nice, Violet. (silence)

A Painting of a Boy

Joy: Yes. I'm trying to paint a boy lying beside a lake. Do you like it? Jay: Hm ... Why don't you buy some oil paints? J о у: I don't enjoy painting with oils.

Passports, Please

О f f i с а 1: Passports, please! Mr Tupman:! think I've lost the passports, Poppy. Mrs Tupman: How stupid of you, Peter!. Didn't you put them in your pocket?

Happy Birthday

Barbara: Hello, Bob. It's my birthday today. Bob: Oh, yes. Your birthday! Happy birthday, Barbara! Barbara: Thanks, Bob. Somebody gave me this blouse for my birthday.

A Bit of Beef at the Picnic

Kate: Paul, do stop grumbling and get the basket out of the car. We couldn't stay indoors today. It's beautiful! Paul: I do like a proper Sunday dinner. What I like is roast pork with apple… Kate: Here's a perfect spot! Spread the rug behind this bush. Good. Look, we've got brown bread and butter and…

A Damaged Telephone

Donald: Hello, Daisy. This is Donald. D i a s y: Oh hello, darling. Donald: What did you do yesterday, Daisy? You forgot our date, didn't you?

Waiting for Templetons

Martin: Any time between 10 and 12. Tessa: But it's after two! They're terribly late! Martin: Why didn't you contact United Transport as I told you?

Guests in August

Carol: Are they coming to England again? Craig: Yes. At the beginning of August. Carol: Good. We can all get together again.

The Cuckoo Clock

Mrs С 1 a r k: No thank you. But I'd like a little milk. Mrs Cook: Would you like some chocolate cakes? Mrs Clark: Thank you.

Eggs from the Greek Grocer

Granny: Grumbling again, Gladys! A great big girl like you. Now take my grey bag and go and get some eggs from the grocer, there's a good girl. Gladys: But Gran... Granny: I'm going to send a telegram to your grandfather. Oh, give me my glasses before you go. In the green and gold…

Cash in the Ice-Cream Carton

Mike: I'm to collect the cash? Colin: Of course. Don't ask questions. Just concentrate. Mike: Colin, if they catch me I'll confess.

At an Accommodation Agency

Manager: Certainly, sir. How much rent did you want to pay? Mr Mason: No more than $27 a month. Manager: $27 a month? We don't often have apartments as inexpensive as that. We have one apartment for $29 a month in…

Noisy Neighbours

Mrs P r i n g: Well, Mr King is singing. Mr P r i n g: Yes, but what's the banging noise? Mrs P r i n g: (looking out of the window) He's standing on a ladder and banging some nails into the wall with a…

A King and a Song

Mungo: King of England? I n g r i d: No. This king's kingdom was far-flung, stretching along the banks… Mungo: He must have been a very strong king. The strongest! Did everything belong to him?

A Fine View

Victor: Five and a half years. We arrived on the first of February. V e r a: What a fine view you have! Victor: Yes. I love living here. V e r a: Look! You can see the village down in the valley. Victor: Yes. It's a lovely view.

A Walk in the Woods

Wendy: Yes. We went for a walk in the woods near the railway. G w e n: Wasn't it cold on Wednesday? Wendy: Yes. It was very cold and wet. We wore warm clothes and walked quickly to keep warm.

A Visit to Vladivostok

Victor: Never. In fact, I haven't travelled further than Liverpool. Oliver: I've had an invitation from the University of Vladivostok to give a… Victor: How marvellous!

Twenty Foreign Visitors

Winnie: Twenty. Twelve of William's Swedish representatives, eight of them with wives. W i 1 m a: And what will you feed them on? Winnie: Well, we'll start with watercress soup, then fish in a white wine souce flavoured with fennel and chives,…

Surprises in the Post Office

M r s Jones: Something's written on it. M r s S m i t h: What does it say? Mrs!Jones:It says: This parcel contains six mice.

A Sweet Siamese Student

Stan: Yes. serious, sensible — a bit insecure, perhaps. Eldest of six — the rest still at school. S a m: I see her sister sometimes. I saw her yesterday. Stan: Soft skin, silky voice, sleepy eyes, sort of slow, sexy smile.

The Smile of a Snake

She speaks slowly, and smokes special, expensive cigarettes. As she steps upstairs, her long skirt sweeps over her silver slippers. She is small and smart and sweet-smelling. Her skin is like snow.

"You have stolen my heart!" I once said stupidly, and she smiled. But when she smiled, she smiled the smile of a snake.

Exercise VI.Read the dialogue, mark the stresses and tunes. Learn it. Act out the dialogue.

A Special Washing Machine

Mr Shaw: Yes. This is the newest washing machine, madam. Mrs M a r s h: Is it Swedish? Mr Shaw: No, madam. It's English.

George Churchill

John: Yes. Charles told me two jeeps crashed on it in January. What happened? Jerry: Well George Churchill was the driver of the larger jeep, and he was… John: George Churchill? Do I know George Churchill?

Early for Lunch

Waitress: Hello, Mr Alien. You're early for lunch. It's only eleven o'clock. Mr Alien: When I come later there's usually nothing left. Wa i tr e s s: What would you like?

A Proud Parent

Mrs R e e d: Oh yes. Laura is the cleverest one. She's a librarian in the public library. Mrs Randal: Very interesting. And what about Rita? Mrs Reed: She's a secretary at the railway station.

A Lovely Little lion

Lucy: Eleven, actually. Billy: And look! Here's a lovely little lion — a real live black lion asleep… Lucy: That's a leopard, actually.

The Respective Merits of Frogs and Rabbits

Barry: Rubbish! Rabbits don't roar, Roger. Roger: You're wrong, Barry. My rabbit's an Arabian rabbit. They're very rare.… Barry: How horrid! Really, I prefer my frog. I've christened him Fred.

A Dreadful Train Crash

Fred: Oh Prue, it's like a dreadful dream. P r u e: A tractor — isn t that right? — crossing a bridge with a trailer of… Fred: Yes. The train driver's a friend of my brother's. I was travelling up front with him. I was thrown through the…

Gossips

Judith: The Smiths' house is worth thirty thousand pounds. Ethel: Is it? I thought it was worth three thousand. Judith: Mr Smith is the author of a book about moths. E t h e 1: Is he? I… Judith: I'm so thirsty.

The Hat in the Window

Assistant: There are three hats together in the window, madam. Do you want the one with the feathers? Miss Brothers: No. The other one. Assistant: The small one for three pounds?

A Horrible Accident

Ellen: Hello, Helen. Have you heard? There's been a horrible accident. Helen: Oh dear! What's happened? Ellen: Hilda Higgins' husband has had an accident on his horse.

My Heart in the Highlands

(by R. Burns)

My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here,

My heart's in the Highlands, a-chasing the deer,

A-chasing the wild deer, and following the roe —

My heart's in the Highlands whenever I go!

Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North,

The birth place of valour, the country of worth!

Wherever I wander, wherever I rove,

The hills of the Highlands forever I love.

To a False Friend

Our hands have met, but not our hearts; Our hands will never meet again. Friends, if we have ever been,

UNIT 26. WEAK FORMS OF WORDS

Exercise I.Practise the following: A- Weak forms(shwa) I B. Strong forms(full value) I swallowed afly. You say… Exercise II.Transcribe, intone and read the following dialogues. 1. What a Boring Book You're Reading!

UNIT 27. WORD STRESS

In English there are three degrees of word stress: stressed syllables (primary stress)., half-stressed syllables (secondary stress) and weak or unstressed syllables. A large group of polysyllabic simple words wear both primary and the secondary stresses:

e. g. ,demon'stration.

Different stressing can change the meaning of a word or make it completely unrecognisable.

A Few General Rules

e. g. a'ttention 'spacious ,arti'ficial. permission ,consci'entious sub’stantial (b) In words ending in -ic, -ical, -ically the stress is on the syllable before -ic (historic — historical —…

PART II. INTONATION

UNIT 1. INTRODUCTION
ОБЩИЕ СВЕДЕНИЯ

Интонация.Под интонацией понимаются изменения в высоте основного тона, силе, темпе и тембре произнесения. Интонация может менять значение предложения. Например:

'Henry 'sat ,down , first. — 'Henry 'sat 'down ,first.

I 'didn't 'dare to 'speak to him ,frankly. — I 'didn't 'dare to ,speak to him _(i)frankly.

Синтагма

What's your name? || — Peter. || Опытный чтец очень редко отделяет одну синтагму от другой паузой. Однако на… 1) распространенное подлежащее, например:

Table of Notation in the Text

Каждая синтагма заканчивается восходящим или нисходящим тоном последнего ударного слога (ядро). Например: Для приобретения навыка деления предложения на наименьшие синтагмы нужно хорошо знать состав простого английского…

LOGICAL STRESS ЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ УДАРЕНИЕ

Практически при произнесении каждого предложения может быть столько вариантов…

Looking For Something Pretty

Annabel: Well, I'm looking for a dress. Something to wear at the theatre. Something pretty. Salesgirl: Certainly, madam. Do you know what size you are? Annabel: Well, I was 18 but I've lost a lot of weight since Christmas. I've been on a diet of bananas and milk.

UNIT 10. INTONATION OF SPECIAL QUESTIONS ИНТОНАЦИЯ СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫХ ВОПРОСОВ

Специальные вопросы обычно произносятся нисходящим тоном. Например: Категоричные, серьезные, формальные вопросы имеют низкий нисходящий тон, заинтересованные, живые вопросы имеют высокий…

He Has One Rabbit at Home

Teacher: "Suppose I give you five rabbits and then another rabbit. How many rabbits would you have?" Pupil: "Seven." Teacher: "Seven? How do you make that out?" Pupil: "I have one… Exercise VI. Read the following riddles to your fellow-students.

Morning and Evening

— Generally about half past seven. — Why so early? — Because I usually catch an early train up to town.

Afternoon Tea

— Very well indeed, thank you, and how are you? — Quite well, thank you. Won't you sit down. Excuse me, please. I think that's… — Hello, Betty dear! I'm so glad to see you. You do look well. I don't think you've met each other before. Let me…

Every Cloud Has Its Silver Lining

Exercise V.Read the jokes and reproduce them in indirect speech. 1. — Is that Nora? asked Willy. — Yes, Nora is speaking, asnwered the girl.

Cinderella

Exercise III.Read the joke and render it.

Too Great a Majority

It was the first night of "Arms and the Man", a play which had an enthusiastic reception from a crowded house. When the curtains fell at… Shaw appeared before the curtain and waited in silence until the applause had… UNIT 20. INTONATION OF PARTICIPIAL CONSTRUCTION ИНТОНАЦИЯ ПРИЧАСТНОГО ОБОРОТА

PART III READER

I. JOKES

"I've had a dreadful day," the wife complained to her husband. "First the baby cut his first tooth, then he took his first step, and… "Well, and then what happened?" asked the husband. "Oh, darling," the wife answered in a shocked voice, "he said his first word."

JJJ

Jack was young, rich, and fond of girls. He hardly ever did any work, and spent most of his time enjoying himself.

One summer he bought a big motor-boat. As soon as it was ready to go to sea, he telephoned to one of the girls he had met somewhere, and invited her for a trip in his new motor-boat. It was the first of many successful invitations of this kind.

The way Jack used to invite a girl for a trip in his boat was like this: he would begin by saying, "Hullo, Laura (or whatever the girl's name was). I have just bought a beautiful new motor-boat, and I would like to take you out for a trip in it."

The girl's answer was usually cautious, because everybody in that part of the country knew Jack's reputation with girls. She would say something like this: "Oh, really? That's nice. What name have you given to the boat?"

Jack would then answer, "Well Laura, I have named it after you."

Of course, the girl would feel very proud that Jack had chosen her name for the boat out of the names of all his many girl-friends, and she would think that Jack must really love her. She would therefore be quite willing to accept his invitation to go for a trip in his motor-boat.

It would not be until she got down to the harbour and actually saw the boat that she would understand how cleverly Jack had tricked her. Because there in neat gold letters on the boat she would see its name — 'After You'.

JJJ

A man was tired of living in his old house in the country and wanted to sell it and buy a better one. He attempted to sell it for a long time, but was not successful, so at last he decided to solve the problem by using an estate agent.

The agent promptly advertised the house, and a few days later, the owner saw a very attractive photograph of it, with a wonderful description of its gardens, in an expensive magazine.

After the house owner had read the advertisement through, he hastened to telephone the estate agent and said to him, "I'm sorry, Mr. Jones, but I've decided not to sell my house after all. After reading your advertisement in that magazine, I can see that it's just the kind of house I've wanted to live in all my life."

JJJ

Jean was a very beautiful young girl, so she was quite used to some men showing their admiration for her, and to others being confused and shy when they saw her.

One summer, when Jean was travelling abroad, she went into a cafe in a small town, sat down and waited to be served.

The young waiter was talking to someone at the bar when she came in, and at first he did not pay any attention to her, because he had not looked at her properly. Then he turned round and saw how beautiful she was. His face went bright red, and he hurried over to take her order.

"I'd like coffee without cream, please," Jean said.

The waiter hurried out, and came back a few minutes later without the coffee.

"I'm very sorry," he said, "but we haven't got any cream. Would you like your coffee without milk?"

JJJ

April 1st is a day on which, in some countries, people try to play tricks on others. If one succeeds in tricking somebody, one laughs and says, "April Fool!", and then the person who has been tricked usually laughs too.

One April 1st, a country bus was going along a winding road when it slowed down and stopped. The driver anxiously turned switches and pressed buttons, but nothing happened. Then he turned to the passengers with a worried look on his face and said, "This poor bus is getting old. It isn't going as well as it used to. There's only one thing to do if we want to get home today. I shall count three, and on the word 'three', I want you all to lean forward suddenly as hard as you can. That should get the bus started again, but if it doesn't, I am afraid there is nothing else I can do. Now, all of you lean back as far as you can in your seats and get ready."

The passengers all obediently pressed back against their seats and waited anxiously.

Then the driver turned to his front and asked, "Are you ready?"

The passengers hardly had enough breath to answer, "Yes."

"One! Two! Threel" counted the driver. The passengers all swung forward suddenly and the bus started up at a great rate.

The passengers breathed more easily and began to smile with relief. But their smiles turned to surprised and then delighted laughter when the driver merrily cried, "April Fool!"

JJJ

Mr Robinson had to travel somewhere on business, and as he was in a hurry, he decided to go by air. He liked sitting beside a window when he was flying, so when he got on to the plane, he looked for a window seat. He found that all of them had already been taken except for one. There was a soldier sitting in the seat beside this one, and Mr. Robinson was surprised that he had not taken the one by the window; but, anyhow, he at once went towards it.

When he reached it, however, he saw that there was a notice on it. It was written in ink and said, "This seat is reserved for proper load balance. Thank you." Mr. Robinson had never seen such a notice in a plane before, but he thought that the plane must be carrying something particularly heavy in its baggage room which made it necessary to have the passengers properly balanced, so he walked on and found another empty seat, not beside a window, to sit in.

Two or three other people tried to sit in the window seat beside the soldier, but they too read the notice and went on. Then, when the plane was nearly full, a very beautiful girl stepped into the plane. The soldier, who was watching the passengers coming in, quickly took the notice off the seat beside him and in this way succeeded in having the company of the girl during the whole of the trip.

JJJ

A gay young man, who earned his living as a drummer in a band, had just married, and he and his wife were looking for somewhere to live. They saw a lot of places, but there was always something that one of them did not like about them. At last, however, they found a block of new flats which both of them really liked. However, there was still the problem of whether they should take one of the ground-floor flats, which had a small garden, or one of the upstairs ones.

At last they decided on a first-floor flat — not too low down and not too high up — and moved in. After they had bought furniture, carpets, curtains, and all the rest, they gave a big party to celebrate the setting up of their first home together.

It was a gay and noisy party, as all the host's friends from the band came and played their instruments. The guests danced, sang and practised on their host's drums.

Soon after one a.m. the telephone rang. The hostess went to answer it in the hall, and after she had finished, came back with a happy smile on her face and said to her husband, "That was the man who has just moved into the flat downstairs telephoning, dear. I am so glad we decided not to choose it. He says it is terribly noisy down there."

Mr and Mrs Davies had left their Christmas shopping very late. There were only a few days more before Christmas, and of course the shops and streets were terribly crowded, but they had to get presents for their family and friends, so they started out early one morning for the big city and spent several tiring hours buying the things they wanted in the big shops.

By lunch-time, Mr Davies was loaded down with parcels of all shapes and sizes.He could hardly see where he was going as he and his wife left the last shop on their way to the railway station and home. Outside the shop they had to cross a busy street, made even busier than usual by the thousands of people who had come by car to do their last-minute Christmas shopping.

Mr and Mrs Davies had to wait for the traffic lights to change, but as Mr Davies could not see in front of him properly, he gradually moved forward into the road without realizing it. Mrs Davies saw this and became worried. Several times she urged her husband to come back off the road but without success. He could not hear her because of the noise of the traffic.

Finally she shouted in a voice that could he heard clearly above all the noise, "Henry! If you intend to stand in that dangerous position a moment longer, give me the parcels!"

II. TALES

Once upon a time a city mouse visited his cousin in the country. The country mouse shared his simple but wholesome food. Peas, barley, corn, tasty… "I find the country-side charming," the city mouse said to this… "Do come to the city and live with me; we shall play in my luxurious home — and will have a banquet each day —…

The Moral

THE FOX AND THE GRAPES One hot summer day the fox hunted for miles and miles without seeing a bird, a… "Oh, I'd like a cool, cool drink, or some delicious fruit with which to quench my thirst," said the fox, as…

The Moral

LITTLE RED RIDING-HOOD Once upon a time there was a little girl who was very pretty and very good.… One day her mother made some cakes and said to her: "Go to your grandmother's house. She has not been well. Take…

III. TEXTS

New York is a place to have fun. San Francisco is great for a holiday, but Washington is wonderful for tourists, because there are so many famous… The best known building is the White House, home of American Presidents since… Next on the tourist's list is the Capitol. The 535 members of Congress meet here to discuss the nation's business. It…

IV. LECTURES

Characteristics of games What is a game? Everyone feels intuitively that they know but definition is… Ground rules must be set for how games are played. The authority behind the rules and the contest lies in the game…

V. POEMS

Little Robin Redbreast sat upon a tree, Up went Pussy-cat and down went he; Down came Pussy-cat and away Robin ran;

J J J

Every thing looks very grey,

In rain, rain, rain,

I love to see it hit the ground

And then bounce up again.

J J J

Good, better, best,

Never rest,

Till good be better

And better best.

J J J

"Tick", the clock says,

"Tick, tick, tick",

What you have to do, do quick,

Time is gliding fast away

Let us act and act today.

J J J

The moments fly — a minute's gone,

The minutes fly — an hour is run,

The day is fled — the night is here,

Thus flies a week, a month, a year.

J J J

One, two, three, four,

Mary at the cottage door,

Five, six, seven, eight,

Eating cherries off a plate.

J J J

Hickory, Dickory Dock

The mouse ran up the clock,

The clock struck one,

The mouse ran down,

Hickory, Dickory Dock.

J J J

Diddle, Diddle, Dumpling, my son John,

Went to bed with his trousers on;

One shoe off and one shoe on,

Diddle, Diddle, Dumpling, my son John.

J J J

Hey diddle, diddle,

The cat and the fiddle,

The cow jumped over the moon;

The little dog laughed

To see such sport,

And dish ran away with the spoon.

J J J

Old Mother Hubboard

Went to the cupboard,

To get her poor doggy a bone;

But when she got there,

The cupboard was bare,

And so the poor doggy got none.

J J J

Goosey, goosey gander,

Where do you wander?

Upstairs and downstairs,

And in my lady's chamber,

Where I met an old man,

Who wouldn't say his prayers —

I took him by the left leg,

And threw him down the stairs.

J J J

Little boy blue,

Come blow your horn;

The sheep's in the meadow,

The cow's in the corn.

Where is the boy

Who looks after the sheep?

He's under the haystack, Fast asleep.

THE ARROW AND THE SONG (by H. W. Longfellow)

I shot an arrow into the air,

It fell to earth, I knew not where,

For so swiftly it flew, the sight

Could not follow it in its flight.

I breathed a song into the air,

It fell to earth, I knew not where,

For who has sight so keen and strong,

That it can follow the flight of a song?

Long, long afterwards in an oak

I found the arrow, still unbroke;

And the song, from beginning to end,

I found again in the heart of a friend.

TWILIGHT (by G. G. Byron)

It is the hour when from the boughs

The nightingale's high note is heard;

It is the hour when lover's vows

Seem sweet in every whispered word;

And gentle winds and waters near,

Make music to the lovely ear.

Each flower the dews have lightly wet,

And in the sky the stars are met

And on the wave is deeper blue,

And on the leaf a browner hue,

And in the heaven that clear obscure,

So softly dark, and darkly pure,

Which follows the decline of day,

As twilight melts beneath the moon away.

MY NATIVE LAND — GOOD NIGHT

"Adieu! adieu! my native shore

Fades over the waters blue;

The night winds sigh, the breakers roar,

And shrieks the wild sea-mew.

Yon[5] sun that sets upon the sea

We follow in his flight;

Farewell awile to him and thee,

My native Land — good night!

> (by Percy B. Shelley)

It was a winter such as when birds die In the deep forests; and the fishes lie Stiffened in the translucent ice, which makes Even the mud and slime of the warm lakes

A wrinkled clod as hard as brick; and when Among their children comfortable men

Gather about great fires, and yet feel cold;

Alas, then for the homeless beggar old.

INTO MY HEART AN AIR THAT KILLS (by Alfred Edward Housman)

Into my heart an air that kills From yon far country blows; What are those blue remembered hills, What spires, what farms are those?

That is the land of lost content,

I see it shining plain,

The happy highways where I went

And cannot come again.

MY HEART'S IN THE HIGHLANDS (by Robert Burns)

My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here,

My heart's in the Highlands, a-chasing the deer,

A-chasing the wild deer, and following the roe —

My heart's in the Highlands wherever I go!

Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North,

The birth-place of valour, the country of worth!

Whenever I wander, wherever I rove,

The hills of the Highlands for ever I love.

Farewell to the mountains high cover'd with snow,

Farewell to the straths and green valleys below;

Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods,

Farewell to the torrents a'nd loud-pouring floods!

My heart's in the Highlands, my heart is not here;

My heart's in the Highlands, a-chasing the deer;

A-chasing the wild deer, and following the roe,

My heart's in the Highlands wherever I go!

A RED, RED ROSE (by Robert Burns)

O, my luve[6] is like a red, red rose,

That's newly sprung in June;

O, my luve is like the melodie,[7]

That's sweetly play'd in tune

As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,[8]

So deep in luve am I;

And I will luve thee still, my dear,

Till a' the seas gang dry.[9]

Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear.

And the rocks melt wi' the sun;[10]

And I will luve thee still, my dear,

While the sands o' life[11] shall run.

And fare-thee-weel,[12] my only luve!

And fare-thee-weel a while!

And I will come again, my luve,

Tho'[13] it were ten thousand mile!

WRITTEN IN MARCH (by William Wordsworth)

The stream is flowing, The small birds twitter, The lake doth[14] glitter,

СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

1. Абрамкина Т. А. Обучение произношению и технике чте­ния на английском языке. — М, 1972.

2. Антипова Е. Я., Каневская С. Л., Пигулевская К. А. Пособие по английской интонации. — Л.: Просвещение, -1974.

3. Ваулина Ю. Е., Фрейдлина Е. Л. Английский язык для сту­дентов факультетов дошкольного воспитания. — М.: Просвеще­ние, 1994.

4. Лебединская Б. Я. Фонетический практикум по английско­му языку. — М., 1978.

5. Практическая фонетика английского языка / Под ред. М. А. Соколовой. — М„ 1997.

6. Allen W. S. Living English Speech. — L., 1957.

7. Arakin V. D., etc. Practical Course of English. — M, 1998.

8. Ann Baker. Ship or Sheep. — Cambridge, 1992.

9. O'Connor J. D., Arnold G. F. Intonation of Colloquial English.

10. O'Connor J. D., Fletcher С Sounds English. — Essex, 1989.

11. Kingdom R. English Intonation Practice. — L, 1960.

12. John L. M. Trim. English Pronunciation Illustrated. — Cam­bridge, 1955.

13. Mimi Ponson. How Now, Brown Cow? — Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1983.

 

CONTENTS

… ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРАВИЛА ЧТЕНИЯ… ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРАВИЛА ЧТЕНИЯ…