Вопросы в косвенной речи).

Все темы данного раздела:

Английский язык
Учебное пособие для студентов II курса по специальности «Приборостроение»  

Lesson 1
Sequence of Tenses (Согласование времен)   Согласование времен — явление, характерное для анг­лийского языка. Согласование времен означает зависимость времен

Ex.1 Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Indefinite or the Past Continuous Tense.
1. He (write) a letter when I (see) him. 2. Harry (do) his work while his brothers (play) games. 3. The man (fall) down as he (run) for the bus. 4. We (sing) a song when George (come) into the room

Ex.2 Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Indefinite or the Past Perfect Tense.
1. The new bus-driver (have) an accident after he (drive) a few yards. 2. When I (get) to the cinema, the film (start). 3. The students (enter) the classroom five minutes after the bell (ring). 4.

Ex. 4 Read and translate these sentences.
1. He said he had not heard anything about it. 2. He said that Peter had booked tickets for the theatre the previous week. 3. Mr. Stone told me that the meeting would take place the following month

Ex.5 Choose the proper tense-form of the verb.
1. He said the novel (is, was) very interesting. 2. Mary said the weather forecast for the next day (is, was) bad. 3. He told her that many of the students (will go, would go) to the football groun

Страдательный залог
Страдательный залог в английском языке употребляется тогда, когда внимание говорящего сосредоточено не на субъекте, а на объекте действия. Глагол в страдательном залоге показывает, что подлежащее п

Ex.6 Open the brackets using the verbs in Passive Voice.
1. The rule explained by the teacher at the last lesson (to understand) by all of us. 2. The poem was so beautiful that it (to learn) by everybody. 3. I hope the invitation (to accept) by everybody

Ex.7 Open the brackets using the verbs in Active or Passive Voice.
1. Nobody (to see) him yesterday. 2. The telegram (to receive) tomorrow. 3. He (to give) me this book next week. 4. The answer to this question can (to find) in the encyclopedia. 5. We (to show) th

Ex.8 Rewrite sentences in Passive Voice.
1. He stole a lot of money from the shop. 2. By six o'clock they had finished the work. 3. At twelve o’clock the workers were loading the trucks. 4. By three o'clock the workers had

Ex.9 Rewrite sentences in Passive Voice.
1. Не will introduce me to his friends. 2. They are building a bridge over the river. 3. I haven’t yet translated the article. 4. We were looking at the man with great surprise. 5. You w

Ex.10 Rewrite sentences in Passive Voice.
1. The doctor prescribed her new medicine. 2. They often speak about him. 3. Everybody laughed at this funny animal. 4. We have been looking for you the whole morning. 5. We shall insist o

Ex.11 Rewrite sentences in Passive Voice.
1. You must take the box to the station. 2. You can cross the river on a raft. 3. The workers can finish the building of the house very soon. 4. You must return the books the day after tom

Ex.12 Translate into English using Passive Indefinite after modal verbs.
1. Руки надо мыть перед каждой едой. 2. Комнаты нужно регулярно проветривать. 3. Кошку надо кормить рыбой. 4. Собаку можно кормить мясом и овощами. 5. Ребенку надо давать фрукты. 6. Книги надо поло

Ex.13 Translate into English using the verbs in Passive Voice.
1. Эту книгу взяли из библиотеки только вчера. 2. Этих трех студентов спросили два дня тому назад. 3. Вас экзаменовали утром? 4. Эта мышь была поймана ночью. 5. На этой фабрике делают очень

Part I.
Electrical phenomena attracted the attention of European thinkers as early as the17th century. Beginning as a mathematically oriented science, the field has remained primarily in that form; mathema

Part II.
The first practical application of electricity was the telegraph, invented by Samuel F. B. Morse in 1837. The need for electrical engineers was not felt until some 40 years later, upon the i

MODERN ELECTRONICS
1. Many scientists believe at present that mankind has entered the era of a new technological revolution which was brought about by the advent of cybernetics, whose ideas and methods found their wa

Ex.16 Make up an abstract of the text basing on the answers to the above questions.
Ex.17 Define the meanings of the suffixes in the following words and translate the words: scientist, electrician, engineer, computer, examinee, examiner, semiconductor, co

Listening and speaking.
  Task 1. Now listen to a radio news item which refers to the same story and answer these questions: 1 How did Mr. Swanston find the coins? 2 How do

Task 3. Check your answers to Task 3 with the help of the text and diagrams.
Alternating current (AC) is applied to the coil in the search head from t

Reading. Linking what you read with what you know.
Not everything in a text is clearly stated. When reading, we have to make links what we read and what we already know about the subject. Read this brief text and try to answer this questio

As well as information from the text.
1 Any metal detector can discriminate between gold and other metals. 2 Gold necklaces are found quite often. 3 The search coil is connected directly to a battery. 4 Metal

Reported Speech
(Косвенная речь) При переводе повествовательного предложения из прямой речи в косвенную производятся следующие изменения: а) повествовательное предложение вводитс

Ex.1 Choose the proper adverb or the adverbial phrase.
1.Mr. Brown said the manager would be back in London (tomorrow, the following day). 2. He says he enjoyed the film (yesterday, the previous day). 3. The secretary told Mr. Black that Mr. Brown had

Ex.2 Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.
I. Jack told his father, "I have lost my notebook." 2. Henry said to me, "I didn't throw stones at your dog." 3. Bob said to Tom, "Henry doesn't sit next to me in class.&qu

Ex.3 Change the following sentences into Direct Speech.
1. The farmer said that he hadn't grown any wheat since 1975. 2. The teacher told his students that he was going to give them a test. 3. I told him that I hadn't seen his brother for a long time. 4

Ex.4 Translate into English.
1. Он спросил Джона, знает ли он прогноз погоды на завтра. 2. Он спросил г-на Стоуна, куда они собираются поехать в отпуск. 3. В своем письме он спрашивал Джона, сможет ли он заказать билеты на сам

Приказания и просьбы в косвенной речи
  Direct Speech Reported Speech She said to me,   "Tell him everything tomorrow." "Don't go to

Приказания и просьбы в косвенной речи
  Direct Speech Reported Speech She said to me,   "Tell him everything tomorrow." "Don't go to

Ex.7 Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.
1. I asked my friend, "How do you feel after your holiday?" 2. Margaret asked Richard, "Where are you going for your holidays?" 3. Ann asked Mary, "What do you usually have

Ex.8 Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.
1. 1 asked the old gentleman, "Are you feeling tired?" 2. The hotel manager asked the visitors, "Did you sleep well?" 3. He asked his wife, "Is the baby asleep or awake?&qu

Ex.9 Put the following into Indirect Speech.
1. "We have a lift but very often it doesn't work," they said. 2. "We have moved into our new flat. We don't like it nearly so much as our last one," said my aunt. 3. &

ALFRED NOBEL - A MAN OF CONTRASTS.
Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts. He was the son of a bankrupt, but became a millionaire, a scientist who cared for literature, an industriali

Ex.11 Read the words, learn them, translate the sentence.
  1. SCIENTIST ученый Kurchatov is one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century. 2. ТО CARE (FOR) любить,

Ex.12 Find the English equivalent.
1. способность   2. значение   a) opportunity, b) ability, с) difficulty, d) property a) understanding, b) beginning, c) meaning, d) ope

Ex.13 Find the synonym.
1. plenty of 2. to occur 3. to make 4. believe   a) much, b) little, c) enough, d) few a) to injure, b) to avoid, c) to happen, d) to justify

What should you do before making the final copy?
a take a break b check the recording levels с add special effects d run the tape backwards

Mixing down.
When mixing down, play back and listen to your master version through different speakers. If it still sounds good on cheap speakers, it passes the test. If possible, mix down on a later day to the

Mixing down.
When mixing down, play back and listen to your master version through different speakers. If it still sounds good on cheap speakers, it passes the test. If possible, mix down on a later day to the

Conditional Sentences
(Условные предложения)   Придаточное предложение Главное предложение I тип — реальное условие

Ex.1 Translate the sentences. Define the type of conditionals.
а) 1. If a solid body or a liquid is heated, it will usually expand. 2. The measurements were always correct provided the necessary instruments were used.

Ex.3 Open the brackets using the proper form of the verb.
1. If I (to have) this rare book, I should gladly lend it to you. 2. The dish would have been much more tasty if she (to be) a better cook. 3. He never (to phone) you if I hadn't reminded him to do

Ex.4 Open the brackets using the proper form of the verb.
1. If he reads fifty pages every day, his vocabulary (to increase) greatly. 2. If they (to know) it before, they would have taken measures. 3. If I (to get) this book, I shall be happy. 4. I

Ex.5 Open the brackets using the proper form of the verb.
1. If it (to rain) tomorrow, our game will be cancelled. 2. If a dog (to bite) in her leg, she would go straight to hospital. 3. If he had known it was going to rain, he (to take) his umbrella to w

WHAT IS AN ELECTRIC CURRENT?
The question is often asked: "What is an electric current?" No one has ever seen it. We only know of the existence of a current owing to its effects. A current can heat a conductor, it ca

Words to be learnt.
charge v — заряжать circuit n — цепь common a — распространенный, общий complete a — зд. замкнутая current n — ток evidence n — доказательство insulate v — изо

Ex.8 Translate the words.
verb nouns Adjectives or Participle II   device process  

Ex. 10 Use the verbs in the correct form.
1. If the solid is heated, it (to expand). the motion of electrons (to increase).

Ex.11 Translate the sentences paying attention to the underlined words.
а) 1. The government has provided all the necessary conditions for successful development of science. 2. The number of workshops and whole plants provide

Ex.12 Translate the sentences paying attention to conjunctions.
1. Between conductors and insulators there are many materials which are neither good conductors nor good insulators. 2. Neither o

Ex.13 Translate the sentences.
but — но; только, лишь; кроме but for — если бы не 1. The proton and neutron have almost the same weight, but the electron weighs only l/2,000th as much as a proton or neutron.

Ex.14 Translate and state the type of conditionals and the tense.
1. In case there is no current in a conductor, there can be no electric field around it. 2. Should a permanent magnet be moved in and out of a coil of wire, both the magnet and the coil wo

CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION
Some gases in the atmosphere allow visible light to pass through, but they block much of the heat which is reflected from Earth's surface— in the same way as the glass windows in a greenhouse. With

Information Technology
The following programmes are offered by Information Technology: Code Course Title IT 1 Full-time National Certificate Course for Women in Electronics.

The Participle.
There are two types of the Participle: Participle I (Present Participle) V-ing – переводится на русский язык действительным залогом причастия или деепричастия; Participle II (Past

Forms of the Participle II
Active Passive - written Причастие – это неличная форма глагола, которая обладает свойствами гл

Независимый причастный оборот всегда выделяется запятыми!
1. Если независимый причастный оборот находится в начале предложения, то он переводится придаточным предложением и вводится словами: так как; когда; после того как; поскольку; в виду того, что;

Ex.5 Translate the sentences with the Simple Participle constructions and Absolute Participle constructions.
1. She bringing this material, we shall use it. 2. Technology having reached a high stage of development new methods of work became possible. 3. The engineer was repairing the dam

Ex.6 Translate the sentences and define the functions of the Participle: a) attribute, b) predicative, c) adverbial modifier.
a) Participle I 1. A molecule is a compound consisting of two or more atoms. 2. Combininghydrogen with oxygen in the proportion of two atoms

Ex.7 Translate the sentences with Absolute Participle constructions.
1. The sun having risen, they continued their way. 2. The professor being ill, the lecture was put off. 3. The wool was placed in the warehouse, the cotton being forwarded to the factory.

Holographic technique helps in testing and research.
Holographic techniques, that can record both the phase and amplitude of the light reflected by an object, can be used to generate a true, three-dimensional image. Holograms were originally demonstr

Ex.10 Translate the sentences, paying attention to the Absolute Participle Construction and its place in a sentence.
1. There are different types of engines, all of them representing the means by which it is possible to utilize the tremendous amount of energy, stored in water, coal, oil, wood and other fuels.

Ex.11 Translate the text. Find the Participles and Absolute Participle Constructions.
THE LASER TODAY AND TOMORROW The laser has become a multipurpose tool. It has caused a real revolution in technology. Atoms emit rays of different length, which prevents the formi

Words to be learnt
approachv– приближаться; достигать beam n –луч carryv – передавать comparev – сравнивать densityn – плотность emitv – излучать employv – использовать ext

Ex.16 Define the form and the function of the Participle in the sentences. Translate them.
1. Using isotopes in measuring the diffusion of metals we got much more accurate data. 2. Being used in measuring the diffusion of metals isotopes gave much more accurate data. 3.

Ex.17 Translate the sentences, paying attention to the meaning of the marked words and phrases.
1. At present there exist laser devices of various sizes, big and small, the latter being widely employed in various branches of our industry. 2. These semiconductor devic

Task 1. Read this newspaper article: High-tech mystery
High-tech machines leave many owners baffled, according to a survey by electrical retailers. Nearly a third of those with video recorders and 57 per cent of camcorder owners do not use all the func

Task 5. Study the chart. Find the results of the changes in design.
Design change Example: moving the tape past the head at high speed. 1) improvements in magnetic tape and use of helical scanning 2) spinning the head at a high speed

Language study: Change and result
Study this design change and its result: spinning the head at a high speed The rate at which the data could be stored or retrieved was increased. We can lin

Формы герундия.
Tense Active Passive Simple Perfect driving having driven being driven having been driven

Ex. 1 Translate the phrases and the sentences.
a) without destroying; without maintaining; without studying; without replacing; without creating. b) instead of improving, instead of exploring, instead of putting, instead of solving, in

Ex. 5 Translate paying attention to the –ing form.
1. The monument needs restoring. 2. The monument of what century are you restoring? 3. The monument of what century is being restored? 4. The experts restoring the monume

Ex. 7 Translate into English, using the Gerund.
1. Перестаньте разговаривать. 2. Мы закончили работу над этой проблемой. 3. Продолжайте петь. 4. Вы не против того, чтобы открыть окно? 5. Он отрицал свое участи

Ex. 8 Translate the sentences.
1. My friend succeeded in translating this difficult text. 2. She suspected him of deceiving her. 3. The poor peasant thanked Robin Hood heartily for having helped him. 4

Ex. 10 Give the possible variants of translation.
a) Subject: 1. Maintaining constant temperature and pressure during the test was absolutely necessary. 2. The student’s taking part in the research was of great h

Ex. 12 Translate and define the functions of the Gerund.
1. V. V. Petrov was the follower of Lomonosov in studying electricity in our country. Petrov was the first to speak about the possibility of using the electric arc for lighting, he was the first to

Ex. 13 Compare the translation of Active and Passive and define the function.
1. Strengthening metals means reinforcing them with artificial fibres. Their being reinforced with artificial fibres makes them more corrosion resistant.

Ex. 14 Compare the translation of Gerund Indefinite and Perfect and define the function.
1. Heating the gas increases the speed of the molecules. Their having overheated the gas changed the results of the experiment. 2. The

Ex. 15 Translate and define the function of the Gerund.
1. Using radioactive isotopes opens up new possibilities for medicine and agriculture. 2. John Dalton stated that atoms are incapable of being destroyed or created. 3. The Curies’

Sources of power
The industrial progress of mankind is based on power: power for industrial plants, machines, heating and lighting systems, transport, communication. In fact, one can hardly find a sphere where powe

Ex. 1 Answer the questions.
1. What is the industrial progress of mankind based on? 2. Which is the first widely applied method of producing electricity at present? 3. Which is the second way of generating p

Ex. 2 Define the parts of speech.
to exist – existence; to require – requirement; efficient – inefficient – efficiency; to resist – resistance – resistant; possible – impossible – possibility; to investigate – investigation – inves

Ex. 5 Translate the sentences.
to find (found) a solution (the best way, mineral resources, etc.) to found (founded) a town (an institute, a scientific school, etc.) 1. The geo

Ex. 7 Form the Gerund, using these verbs (to convert; to create; to utilize; to generate; to run) and translate.
1. The world’s first nuclear power station in Obninsk began (вырабатывать) electricity in 1954. 2. In fact, (превращение) conventional kinds of fuels into electricity is not economic enoug

Ex. 8 Explain the meaning of the words with –ing and define the form.
Example: the working motor (какой?) – работающий мотор (Participle I) the working model (для чего?) – рабочая модель, модель для работы (Gerund)

Ex. 1 Compare the using and give the translation of the Participle and the Gerund.
the Participle the Gerund 1 as an attribute The reading student is my friend. There stands a read

Ex. 3 Compare the functions of the Participle and the Gerund in phrases and translate.
1. Making use of radioactive isotopes biologists are able… Making use of radioactive isotopes opens up… 2. Our scientists are investigating new kinds of… The purpose of this research is in

Ex. 4 Define the form of the verb with –ing and translate the text. Find Gerundial Objects and Absolute Participle constructions.
Using electricity on a large scale opens up great possibilities in various fields of science and everyday life. Using electric light in our homes we seldom think of those who were the pioneers in e

Listening and speaking
Task 1 As you listen, answer these questions: 1 Why do some people prefer LPs? 2 What is the expert's choice? 3 What are the advantages of CDs?

Task 2 Here is the completed table of differences. Listen again to the tape. Tick the differences the expert mentions.
  LPs CDs 1. Recording system 2. Sound quality 3. Access 4. Audio pattern 5. Material 6. Playing mechanism

Language study Comparison and contrast, 2.
In this unit we will examine some other ways to describe differences: to make contrasts. On the tape the expert contrasted: 1 LPs and CDs 2 analogue and digital recording

Формы инфинитива
Tense Active Passive Simple to help to be helped Continuous

Functions
1. Subject (Подлежащее) a) To study well is our duty.– Хорошо учиться – наша обязанность. b) It is necessary (important, nice, good, pleasant, strange…) to read original literatur

It consists of two elements.
1 – a noun or a pronoun 2 – infinitive 1. After verbs of sense perception (hear, see, watch, feel, notice, observe) bare infinitive is used without “to”. 1 2 I w

Complex Subject with the Infinitive
  It consists of two elements. The verbs are mainly used in Passive Voice. 1. With the verbs of sense perception (Глаголы чувственного восприятия).

Translate and define the functions of the infinitive.
a) He used his influence to get me a job. You must work hard to pass this exam. I turned on the light to see what time it was. The conference discussed some new methods to be used in teaching Engli

Ex. 5 Translate the sentences.
1. They were happy to take part in our expedition. 2. She wanted to be answered at once. 3. He was happy to be working with the famous scientist. 4. It’s very difficult t

Ex.6 Translate and define the functions of the Infinitive.
1. The problem to be discussed is connected with the city water supply system. 2. This method is not good enough to be used everywhere. 3. A new comfortable coach was developed to

Ex. 8 Translate the text and define the Infinitive constructions.
Complex Subject Подлежащее+ глагол-сказуемое + инфинитив   He is said to be living in France. You are supposed to do the washing up .  

Ex. 9 . Translate the sentences with Complex Subject
1. The lecture was said to be very interesting. 2. The members of the committee are reported to come to an agreement. 3. The English delegation is believed to come at the end of t

Ex.10 Translate the sentences.
A) 1. He is said to work well. 2. He is said to be a good engineer. 3. He is said to test new devices. 4. He is said to carry out experiments. 5. He is

Ex. 11 Translate the sentences with Complex Subject and define the forms of the Infinitive
A) 1. They are known to develop a new device. 2. They are known to have developed a new device. 3. He is supposed to have left Leningrad. 4. They

Ex. 12 Translate paying attention to the Predicate.
A) 1. The output seems to have increased. 2. The output is likely to increase. 3. The output proved to have increased. 4. The output is said to have increased. B) 1. a) This metho

Ex. 13 Translate the sentences with Infinitive Constructions.
1.A lot of people came to watch the ocean liner return home after a long voyage. 2.Everybody thought him to be quite a reliable person. 3.The captain declared the load to be too m

Ex. 14 Translate and define the forms and the functions of the Infinitive.
1. The child wanted to be taken seriously. 2. He didn't hear the boy enter the room. 3. The dog was the first to feel danger. 4. This question is too complicated to be an

Ex. 2 Read and translate the phrases.
The application of flexible manufacturing system; the defini­tion of a system; the creation of industrial robots; to require ad­vanced technical know-how; to use distributed data processing; to des

Ex. 4 Read and translate the sentences.
1.When designing an FMS, the basic problem is to create cells from which the system is to be constructed. 2. Flexible manufac­turing systems (FMSs) represent a new strategy to increase labour produ

Ex.5 Read the text. Find the definitions of the FMS.
A Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is the current level of automation in the field of manufacturing. The application of FMS requires advanced technical know-how. A Flexible Manufacturin

Ex. 16 Define the functions of infiitives and translate into Russian. Find complexes.
1. You are just the man to do it. 2. He asked for the papers to be brought. 3. Chelyuskin was the first to determine the position of this northern cape. 4. We entered the

Ex. 18 Translate into Russian.
1. There is no chance to get tickets for the concert. 2. The students to take part in this expedition have come. 3. The article to be discussed is written by our professor. 4.

Ex. 19 Translate the text. Find sentences with the Infinitive and Infinitive Constructions.
If a battery is connected across the crystal in the direction shown in Fig. 31, holes are repelled from the positive end of the crystal and are caused to drift towards the junction

Peter is a technician at a large college. On the tape he describes his work.
Task 1 As you listen, decide whether these statements are true or false. Then compare answers with your partner. 1 Electronics was Peter's main hobby at school.

Task 3 Now search this text for further differences to add to your list.
In Europe, the USA, and Japan, the race is on to produce a new generation of television sets. These new sets will be larger than today's models, possibly with 100-centimetre flat screens. Picture q

Language study. Certainty.
The text describes possible future developments in television. The writer is confident about some developments and less confident about others. What difference can you see between these statements?

A NEW PEDESTRIAN CROSSING STRATEGY
In the UK, the Pelican is the most common type of signal-controlled pedestrian crossing. Pedestrians wanting to cross press the pushbutton to register a demand with the traffic signal controller wh

VIRUSES
A computer virus - an unwanted program that has entered your system without you knowing about it-has two parts, which I'll call the infector and the detonator. They have two very different jobs. On

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Databases are used within a medical context for many purposes. For example, they are used to hold patient details so they can be accessed from anywhere within a hospital or network of hospitals. Wi

ELECTRON EMISSION
1. The electron tube depends for its action on a stream of electrons that act as current carriers. To produce this stream of electrons a special metal electrode (cathode) is present in every tube.

Commentary
1. "shaping" the lines of force of this field in certain paths — придавая силовым линиям определенные направле­ния 2. whether or not these electrons actually reach the plate, how

TRANSISTORS AND SEMICONDUCTORS
1. In recent years the transistor — an entirely new type of electron device — has come into its own1 and bids to re­place the bulky electron tubes in many applications. Tran­sistors are

Commentary
1. has come into its own — стал совершенно самостоя­тельным 2. while catching up fast in other respects — и широко применяется в других областях техники 3. an electron missing — н

AMPLIFIERS
1. We are finally ready to apply the knowledge we gained in previous sections about electrons, vacuum tubes and tran­sistors to some practical matters.1 In the following sections we shal

Computers in our life
The Educational Recources Information Center (ERIC) is a national information system designed to provide users with ready access to an extensive body of education-related literature. Established in

Render the text or answer the following questions. Time limit: 15-18 min.
1. You can't access the ERIC database on-line A) via the Internet. C) through commercial channels. B) on CD-ROM. D) through any printed journal. 2. The database is timely

Choose the right answer. Only one answer is correct.
1)They tried to make ... agreeable. a) itself, b) themselves, c) oneself, d) ourselves 2)We must send a telegram to congratulate them ... their silver wedding. a) for, b)

Virtual worlds
The Luddites got it wrong. New technologies not only destroy old jobs, they create new ones. Now the popularization of shared computer-generated virtual worlds has brought us a whole new job descri

Render the text or answer the following questions. Time limit: 18-20 min.
1. An animated chat salon is made up upon A written words. C masked characters. B slow-moving images. D real people impersonating different characters. 2. The host could

Choose the right answer. Only one answer is correct.
1)…a lot of traffic in Tokyo. a) It is, b) There are, c) It was, d) There is. 2)... that year the Browns lived in Brighton. a) —, b) In, c) On, d) At 3)This must

APPENDIX 1
  Составные союзы 1. as … as My younger brother is as tall as I am 2. as long as I

Irreqular verbs
awake be become begin blow break bring build burn can choose come cut do dream drive eat fall feed feel fight find fly forget

Чтение дробных и смешанных величин
1/3 one third 3 4/5 three and four fifth 7/8 foot seven eighth of a foot

Суффиксы
  Суффиксы Словообразование 1. существительных -ance (-ence) -er (-or) -ing -t(ion) -ism -ist -(i) ty -n

List of abbreviations
  А.С. = (a.c.) = alternating current = переменный ток a.f. = audio frequency = звуковая частота A.F.C. = automatic frequency control = автоматическая подстройка час

VOCABULARY
A ability n – способность abbreviate v – сокращать above adv - наверху, выше abrupt а – резкий abstract n - резюме ,