Grammar

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Методичні вказівки
для підготовки аспірантів та здобувачів до складання кандидатського іспиту з англійської мови     Затверджено редакційно-видавничою радою університету,

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. The system is dangerous, … must not use it. a) everyone c) one b) any d) some 2. She plans … to study

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. We also have a series of public lectures given by guest speakers. a) number c) means b) matter d) sort 2. It is now common corporate policy for a company

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. The company has experienced a number of significant changes in the last few years. a) influenced c) required b) undergone d) implemented 2. You should speak mor

What is the main purpose of this passage?
a) To look back to the early days of computers. b) To explain what technical problems may occur with computers. c) To discourage unnecessary investment in computers. d) T

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. Evidence for this hypothesis … for two decades. a) have been accumulated c) are being accumulated b) is accumu

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. University regulations state that students must pass 18 modules to graduate. a) promote c) report b) plan d) specify 2. Most economists forecast that Chi

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d)   1. These phenomena ... since last century. a) have been observed c) are observed b) were observed

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. This concept was not recognized until the 16th century. a) theory c) notion b) principle d) method 2. It was obvious that there was a pattern

VARIANT V
Grammar Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. Не ... Professor Clark for ten years already. a) knows c) has known b) have known d) is known

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
  1. Transistors are successfully used for direct transformation of heat energy into electrical energy by means of thermal elements. a) through the use of c) instead o

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. She …a number of jobs since leaving school. a) has had c) have b) has d) have had 2. The new discover

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. Modern Man has caused the extinction of five hundred species of animals since the industrial revolution. a) relocation c) dying out b) evolution d) survival 2.

What is the author’s main purpose in this passage?
a) To explain how to get access to the Internet. b) To show why the most popular Internet service is e-mail. c) To give an overview of the global computer network.

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. It is necessary … an account of his work. a) his writing c) that he will write

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. The conference discussed new trends in this field of research. a) issues c) tendencies b) inventions d) discoveries 2. I'd like to emphasize the significance

VARIANT VIII
Grammar   Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. There … very little experimental work in this area so far. a) was c) has been

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. We cannot view this problem in terms of current concepts. a) on the basis of c) because of b) in spite of d) along with 2. The great adva

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. Even an average tornado has a power similar to … of a large power station. a) this c) one b) that d) the same

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. I do believe that the problem can be dealt with on three levels. a) interpreted c) solved b) divided d) looked at 2. Governments should set limits for en

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. Henry Ford’s introduction of the assembly line vastly reduced the time it took. a) to make a car c) for making car

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. The shortcomings of this analysis of the problem have been discussed carefully. a) advantages c) difficulties b) perspectives d) drawbacks 2. Many environmen

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. The seminar course in theoretical physics ... in Kharkiv is scheduled for May – June. a) having bee

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. The engineers hope to eliminate these negative factors. a) minimize c) restrict b) remove d) discover 2. The question is whether the model c

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. problems ... for about seventy years now. a) was carried on c) is being carried on b) has been carried on d) i

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. The techniques are very simple but accurate. a) steps c) methods b) technologies d) stages 2. Your thesis meets the necessary requiremen

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. Since the 17th century economists … methods for studying the use of economic resources. a) has developed c)

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. We can only estimate the future growth of production. a) guess c) count b) value d) prove 2. The computer has a word processing facility. a) def

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. They … some kind of agreement by the end of July. a) have reached c) had been reached b) are reaching d) will

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. The small amount of water and food in this area cannot sustain the large population. a) guarantee c) support b) survive d) decrease 2. These modern computers ha

What reason is given for the increasing importance of call centres to the Indian economy?
a)The availability of workers with the right accent. b) A change in the legal system. c) Local familiarity with outsourcing techniques. d) The country’s

Grammar
  Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d)   1. The conference had many papers … on major issues in the field. a) focused c) having foc

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. You have to prepare a thesis on your investigation. a) research c) dissertation b) publication d) examination 2. You will have to meet your scientific adviso

Which of the following is not true?
a) The foreign gene will replicate in the bacteria, but it will not express itself through transcription and translation. b)Escherishcia colican be grown in large amounts in synthet

Grammar
Choose the right variant (a, b, c or d) 1. He … presently … for the position of head of the R&D department. a) have been considered c) is considering

Choose one variant (a, b, c or d) which could be used in place of the word or phrase underlined without changing the meaning of the sentence
1. Networks enable connected computers to rapidly exchange information. a) avoid c) allow b) apply d) approve 2. Technology will never replace the fundamental huma

Методичні вказівки
для підготовки аспірантів та здобувачів до складання кандидатського іспиту з англійської мови     Автори: КОМОВА Галина Володимирівна НАУМЕНКО Оксана О