Environment - раздел Иностранные языки, ABOUT MYSELF AND MY FAMILY Ecology Is A Science Which Studies The Relationship Between All Forms Of Life...
Ecology is a science which studies the relationship between all forms of life in our planet with its environment. This word came from the Greek “oikos” which means “home”.
The Earth is our home but much of this is dirty and dying. Man cuts down more and more trees to provide paper, wood, medicines, mineral fuel. But it isn’t only trees that are disappearing. Acid rains destroy animals, insects and flowers. The main reasons of environment problems are polluted air, polluted water, solid wastes and exhaust of natural resources.
Polluted air is a topical question of our planet. We need clean air to breathe, pure water to drink, food that is safe to eat and housing to shelter us. Air becomes polluted in many ways. Cars, tracks, buses and airplanes are among the worst polluters. Air can be also polluted by smoke and gases from factories. Dirt, smoke and gases in the air are usually carried away by wind and air currents or settle over as a blanket of smoke.
Unclean air causes different diseases. They usually affect older people. But everyone can fell uncomfortable and lack of energy when the air isn’t clean. Today factories use devices to reduce the smoke, dust or harmful gases. Special kinds of refined gasoline are efficient either.
Water pollution is caused by dumping wastes into the lakes, rivers and other bodies of water. Harmful wastes get into the soil or drain off fields that have been sprayed with pesticides. Pesticides are often used to kill insects and weeds in cities or on farms. Polluted water spreads many diseases.
Every day people throw away amazing amounts of garbage and trash that is picked up by garbage trucks. These machines take the garbage to the out-of-the way places. Sometimes the trash is burnt, causing the air pollution. But a more healthy way to get rid of solid wastes is to spread them over the land and pack them back down. After that a thick layer of earth can be put down over the garbage and trees and grass can be planted.
The world’s energy comes from oil, gas, and coal. But these “fossil fuels” won’t last for ever. There is only enough oil and gas for next fifty years. Coal will last longer – perhaps three hundred years. And then? There are four solutions: wind energy, solar energy, wave energy (from the sea), geothermal energy (from “hot rocks” under the ground). They are clean and natural, but expensive.
Today many scientists and world leaders realize that the Earth is in danger. It’s really very simple. Either we’ll stop killing or we’ll kill ourselves. We need a cleaner, healthier planet. Millions of ordinary people – both young and old - understand this too. And what do you do to solve environment problems?
III. Answer the following questions:
1. What does the word “ecology” mean?
2. What pollutes the air we breathe?
3. How can air pollution affect our health?
4. What can be done to help cut down air pollution?
5. How does water get polluted?
6. What is wrong with dumping garbage in open dumps?
7. What other healthy ways of getting rid of solid wastes do you know?
8. What is “acid rain”?
9. What can you say about environment problems in our country?
IV. Translate the following sentences into English:
1. Живя в обществе, мы можем решать проблемы сохранения своего здоровья только сообща.
2. Работающие предприятия коптят и дымят, причем некоторые газы, которые они выбрасывают в небо, могут оставаться невидимыми.
3. Отходы, которые сливают в реки, озера и другие водоемы, загрязняют воду.
4. Загрязненная вода – источник болезней.
5. Ежедневно люди выбрасывают невероятное количество мусора и хлама. Иногда этот хлам сжигается, загрязняя при этом воздух.
6. Запасов нефти и газа осталось лет на пятьдесят. Угля – побольше, а что потом?
V. Match the words:
1. medicine
2. lack
3. gasoline
4. bodies of water
5. efficient
6. community
7. harmful gases
8. blanket of smoke
9. amazing
10. ordinary
a. общество
b. поразительный
c. недостаток
d. отравляющее вещество
e. бензин
f. продуктивный
g. заурядный
h. водоемы
i. лекарства
j. пелена дыма
VI. Join the following definitions with correct answers:
1. the variety of a solid fuel
2. one of water bodies
3. illness (syn.)
4. water full of unhealthy substances
5. waste products
6. greenery
7. living creatures
8. the universe where people are able to live
9. ground
10. useless grass on the vegetable patch
a. weeds
b. garbage
c. animals, fish, insects
d. the Earth
e. coal
f. soil
g. disease
h. lake
i. bushes, grass, trees
j. polluted water
Все темы данного раздела:
СОNTENTS
1. About Myself My Family ………………………………….……
2. My Home ………………………………………………….…….
3. Our University…………………………………………….….….
4. Student’s Life ……………………………………………….…..
Family, Relatives - Семья, родственники
1) mother, mum, mummy, mom
мама
2) father, dad
папа
3) parents
родители
II. Do the following exercises.
1. Find out 9 words which describe the appearance:
ashortbaahazelstaquilineovallslimfmediumheightdelicatebcharmingambushyg
2. Find out 9 w
Describe your groupmate using the familiar words.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
About Myself and My Family
My name is Natalie. My surname is Ivanova. I was born on the 9th of September, 1992 in Karaganda. My address is Flat 2, 19, Pichugin Street.
I am tall. I am not very thin
A) Two young people, George and Ann, meet after a long time.
George: I wished to see you very much, Ann.
Ann: I am very glad to meet you too. It’s a long time since we have met last time.
George: It is, indeed. I think
B) Marry discusses her family.
Alex: Hi, Mary.
Marry: Hi, Alex.
Alex: So, um, how big is your immediate family?
Marry: Ah, there are four of us.
Alex: Four p
A) Two young people, George and Ann, meet after a long time.
George: ____________________________________________________________
Ann: I am very glad to meet you too. It’s a long time since we have met last time.
George:___
B) Marry discusses the personalities in her family.
Alex: Hi, Marry.
Marry: Hi, Alex!
Alex: So we've been talking about your family a little bit. Um, I'd like to know a little bit more about the specific people
THE CROWD
Brown was out walking one day with his wife and his very large family. In the street he was stopped by a policeman who grabbed him by the shoulder.
IV. Fill in the blanks with prepositions and adverbs where necessary.
1. He pressed the button ___ the elevator. 2. Something is wrong ___ the kitchen sink tap. Ring ___ the plumber. 3. She glanced ___ the mirror and turned ___ satisfied. 4. Their flat backed ___ the
V. Translate into English
1.Окна нашей квартиры выходят на юг, так что у нас солнце почти каждый день. 2. Вам уже поставили телефон? – Да, он в кабинете, на письменном столе. Это очень удобно, теперь я могу, работая и не вы
VII. Fill in the blanks with house, home, or block.
NOTE: The basic meaning of the word house is a building intended for one household to live in. It may also mean "the home, or household" (as, to keep house). Home is an emot
IX. Add to Your Active Vocabulary
apartment - квартира
balcony - балкон
basement - подвал, фундамент
be adjacent to smth.- примыкать
чему-либо
be cramped for space - мало места
Renting a Room
A. Have you a room to let?
B. Yes, sir. What room do you want? A double-bedded room or a single?
A. I want a furnished living-room on the ground floor with bo
Wales - an architect who is to design a house, Bob - a client, Sandra - his wife.
W. Now I've made sure that the main services - water and electricity are available in Manchester. So there is nothing to worry about. I'd like to discuss with you the interior design. Shall
Read the conversation between Kelly and her mother and describe the house and the garden Kelly is speaking about.
Kelly: Mum, I’ve got good news. We’ve bought that house in Hampstead.
Mother: Have you? Oh, good. Now tell me about it.
Jane: It is a two-storied country sty
Accommodation Required
— Family, recently returned from Australia desperate for house/flat to rent. Anything considered — anywhere in Britain, Taylor, Cumberland.
— Young research worker and working wife urgentl
Our University
Karaganda State Technical University is one of the leading technical higher schools in Kazakhstan. It is quite large but not very old.
It was founded in 1953 as a Mining institute.
At the University Museum
A group of students from RUDN has been visiting our University. They are interested in educational problems and in extracurricular activities of the students as well. One of the students, Michael,
At the University Museum
Stephan: I’d like to ask a few questions, if you don’t mind…
Dyakova Nina Georgievna: ________________________________________
S: How did the history of the U
At the University Museum
A group of students from RUDN has been visiting our University. They are interested in educational problems and in extracurricular activities of the students as well. One of the students, Michael,
At the Youth Commitee
Stephan, a student from RUDN has been staying in Karaganda for a few days. He is interested in extracurricular activities of the students. Now he is at Youth Committee and meets Victor, a represent
At the Youth Committee
Stephan: Hello, Victor! How are you?
Victor:_____________________________________________________________
Stephan:
Read the dialogue and reproduce it inserting the necessary words and phrases.
(pleasure; attending; name; appreciate; display; activities; victories; as far as I know; groups)
Stephan: ______________, there are also amateur groups for y
READ FOR YOURSELF
Oxbridge
The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University, or simply Oxford), located in
I. Remember the following words and word combinations
1) entrance exams вступительные экзамены
2) to pass entrance exams successfully успешно сдать вступительные
экзамены
3) to fail exams провалить экзамены
4) to ta
IX. Dialogues
1. Imagine you are talking to Natalie. Fill in the gaps:
You. Hello! ______________________________ What is your name?
Natalie. Hi! My name is Natal
A TELEPHONE CALL
Alex is about to ring up a friend of his. He picks up the receiver and dials the number. The first time the line is engaged but then he gets through.
Bologna Process
The purpose of the Bologna process (or Bologna accords) is to create the European Higher Education Area by making academic degree standards and quality assurance standards more comparable and compa
VIII. Read and translate.
DON’T BUY DRINKS IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
FACT: Americans use 2.5 mln plastic bottles every year. These bottles can’t be recycled and won’t ever degrade.
WHAT TO DO: Only buy soda and o
IX. Decide what kind of weather is described in each situation.
Make use of the following words: hurricane, thaw, flood, blustery, foggy, snowdrift, slippery, scorching, humid, drought.
1. Big trees can be uploaded like small sticks. __
XI. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.
1. Suppose you get _____ (from, out of) you house __ (on, at) an early sunny day and see a yellow dandelion (одуванчик).
2. Our land is full __ (in, of, with) beautiful flowers, trees whic
Thunderstorms
Do you know what thunder and lightning are? Lightning is a big spark of electricity that travels from the sky down to the earth. Thunder is the big noise you hear after you see lightning in the sky
Air Care
Worldwide, the stinky problem of pollution has grown. More and more factories, cars, and trucks add their bad breath to the air. But the battle against air pollution is also growing. Many U.S. citi
Good Energy News
When we burn coal and oil for energy, we cause pollution. But little by little we're getting more energy from the sun and the wind. This energy is clean and renewable (that means we'll never run ou
Read and translate the dialogue. Roleplay the situation.
DOCTOR: Good morning. How are you?
PATIENT: Fine, thanks.
DOCTOR: So, if you’re fine, why are you here to see me?
PATIENT: No, what I meant wa
Look through the dialogue. Add the words of the patient. Roleplay the situation.
DOCTOR: And what seems to be the matter with you?
PATIENT: __________________________________________________________
DOCTOR: Let me see. Have you got a heada
Between Two Boys on Injuries
B: (Seeing his friend come out of the doctor's office.) Hello, Mike, what happened to you? Why is your arm in a sling?
M: I had a bad fall from a bicycle and broke my arm.
A Visit to the Doctor
- Well, what's the matter with you, Mr. Walker?
- You'd better ask me what is not the matter with me, doctor. I seem to be suffering from all the illnesses imaginable: insomnia, headaches
VIII. Make up the dialogues. Roleplay the situation.
You seem to have been ill. You are phoning the clinic and making an appointment with the doctor.
IX. Tell the story about visiting the doctor. Stages for actions:
Sport and a healthy life style
I. Read the following words paying attention to the pronunciation:
Kinds of Sports:
1. football
2. volleyball
3. basketbal
VII. Do, Play or Go with Various Sports.
Use "play" with any competitive game that you can play, "go" with activities that can be done alone, and "do" with groups of related activities.
Decide betwee
Sport and a Healthy Life Style
Nowadays our life is getting more and more tense. People live under the pressure of different problems, such as social, e
SMOKING
FOR:
1. I think smoking is a pleasure.
2. Little is known for certain about the tobacco effect on human organism. No visible harm to a smoker. At least no immedia
Lifestyle
(R=Receptionist, W = Woman)
R:New Life Centre. Can 1 help you?
W: Yes. Could you give me some information about your centre?
R: Cert
POLITICAL STRUCTURE, GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMY
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) sovereign
2) official language
3) on equal grounds
4) al
VII. Make up 10 questions to the text. Use them as your plan for retelling the text.
KARAGANDA – MY NATIVE CITY
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
to be
VIII. Add to your active vocabulary
Could you tell me how to get to …? (= Could you tell me the way to …? = Can you direct me to?) - Вы не подскажите мне как пройти к … ?
I am a stranger (foreigner) here
IX. Dialogues
Read the dialogues, learn them by heart and act.
Dialogue 1.
- Excuse me. Where is the nearest bank here?
- It’s round the corner over ther
X. Directions
1. Look at the map of Chesswood and find these things:
• a farm • a wood • a pond • a path
• a hill • a river • a bridge • a gate
Soviets say Talking Elephant Has Human Parents to Talk
Moscow (AP) – The official Soviet News Agency says that Batir, a baby elephant at the Ka
PEOPLE OF CULTURE AND SCIENCE OF KAZAKHSTAN
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) petroglyph
2) earthenware
3) applied art
People of Culture and Science of Kazakhstan
Culture
The land of Chinghiztau gave the mankind a lot of talented people – poets, writers, musicians, painters. The most ancient works of art on the terr
POLITICAL STRUCTURE, GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMY
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the
Political Structure, Geography and Economy
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the UK) is a constitutional monarchy. It has a monarch – a King or a Queen. The present British monarch is Queen Eliza
Read, dramatize and learn the dialogue.
W. Today perhaps you would kindly tell us something about North England and England's most important industrial areas.
M. Well, the centers of English Industry lie in the Mid
LONDON - THE CAPITAL OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) Village
2) Vast
3) Urban
VII. Find out the sentences which correspond to the text. Correct the wrong sentences in accordance with the text.
1. London is the capital of the USA.
2. London is a small town in the UK.
3. Its population is about 7 mln. people.
4. London is situated on the Volga and composed of thr
The Tower of London
1) violence 2) forefathers 3) to be guarded 4) to take place 5) password
6) to go back 7) Crown Jewels 8) can tell 9) the Ceremony of the Keys
10) ancient 11) to be founded 12) fo
XI. Dialogues
Dialogue 1. Read the dialogue and learn it by heart.
Jack – Hello, how are you?
John – I’m fine, thanks. And you?
Ja
TRADITIONS AND HOLIDAYS OF THE UK
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) annual
2) gift
3) to fall
Traditions and Holidays of the UK
It may seem surprising but the British have fewer holidays than many other countries. Some of them are named Bank Holidays due to the fact that on those days banks are closed. The p
Ghosts and witches
Halloween means 'holy evening', and takes place on October 31. This festival is particularly connected with witche
Christmas
For most British families this is the most important festival of the year, it combines the Christian celebration of the birth of Christ with the traditional festivities of winter.
English Pancake Recipe
Ingredients
For the pancake mixture:
220 g/8oz plai
VIII. Find some additional information about British holidays and traditions and tell us about them.
PEOPLE OF CULTURE AND SCIENCE OF THE UK
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
People of Culture
Many British writers, poets, painters, sculptors, architects, musicians, composers, actors, singers and dancers are known all over the world.
People of Science
Sir Isaac Newton(1643 –1727) was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, a
People of Music
Edward Benjamin Britten(1913 –1976) was an English composer, conductor, violist and pianist.
Br
VII. Find more information about famous people of the UK and present it in the auditorium.
VIII. Dialogues
Dialogue 1. Read the dialogue and learn it by heart.
Joseph – Hello, Frank, where are
KAZAKH NATIONAL TRADITIONS, SPORTS AND GAMES
The Kazakhs preserve their national traditions which go back many thousand years. The ancient and original culture of the Kazakhs was formed in the conditions of nomadic life, which left a deep imp
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