KAZAKH NATIONAL TRADITIONS, SPORTS AND GAMES - раздел Иностранные языки, ABOUT MYSELF AND MY FAMILY The Kazakhs Preserve Their National Traditions Which Go Back Many Thousand Ye...
The Kazakhs preserve their national traditions which go back many thousand years. The ancient and original culture of the Kazakhs was formed in the conditions of nomadic life, which left a deep imprint on the psychology, art and life of the present-day Kazaks.
Naturally, in modern times some old Kazakh customs have died out or have changed. Gone are the customs of bride abduction, of kalym – payment of ransom money for a bride, and levirate – the compulsory marriage of a widow by the elder brother of her deceased husband. The laws of hospitality have been fully preserved, and a guest at a city apartment is accorded the same open-handed hospitality as in the nomadic yurta of the ancient times. The hosts feel offended if the visitor refuses to share a meal or at least a cup of traditional tea. The wedding ritual, the celebration of the birth of a child, the festivities held before moving to spring pastures, or in honour of an esteemed visitor, contain many elements that have been preserved down the centuries from ancient times. Another surviving custom is the respect shown to the elders – aksakals.
Kazakh folk customs are discovered in the wedding ritual. His attitude of the bride’s parents to the bridegroom was free from many customs dictayed by islam. After the engagement and the first payment of kalym the bridegroom had a right to visit the bride “secretly”, usually at the brother’s place or at the house of the bride’ relatives. The second visit was open. When islam didn’t have great influence on the family life of Kazakh people the family ties were secured by the people’s common approving, singing chorus songs “zhar-zhar” performed at the wedding celebration. “zhar-zhar” is a song competition. It is usually sung by two groups of young people. The men’s group is headed be the bridegroom and the women’s one by the bride. The tradition demanded that the bride accompanied by her friends and singing a farewell song should visit every yurta of the aul and the neighboring ones.
Festive occasions with the Kazakhs are usually accompanied by national sports. Some of the more popular contests include alaman baiga– mass long-distance horse-races; kures– the wrestling of two strong men; sayis – a dual between two horsemen trying to unsaddle each other; kokpar, in which a large group of horsemen struggles to take possession of a carcass or dummy of a goat and deliver it to their goal.. One of the oldest games is at-omyraulastyrue in which five or seven horsemen try to drive one another out of a circle 25-30 metres in diameter. A very beautiful sight to watch is zhorga zharys– ambler races in which only girls and young women are allowed to take part. The riders wear bright national costumes and beautiful headwear. The saddles are inlaid with national ornaments, and the gait of the pacers is easy, smooth and graceful. Valuable prizes were prepared for the participants of these games.
Kumis alu ("Pick up the coin"). The essence of the game is that while galloping at full speed a young man should pick up a silver ingot off the ground - such had been condition of the game in old days. Nowadays a handkerchief replaces the ingot. This contest particularly impressed Alexander the Great when he visited Central Asia. According to historians' evidence on watching kumis alu he exclaimed "That's a sort of training worthy of a warrior on horseback".
Audaryspak ("Wrestling on horseback") - this kind of national sports requires skills both in hand-to-hand fighting and in trick riding. In fact two men fight while on horseback. Wins the one that brings his adversary down of his horse.
Among young people a popular game is kys kuu – “Catch the girl” A girl and a boy race each other on horseback: if the girl overtakes the boy, she strikes him with a lash, but if the boy is the victor, he kisses the girl
The Kazakhs are very fond of songs, music and dancing. The folk songs are created by akyns, extempore poets and singers, who not only make up the words and music for the songs, but also perform then accompanying themselves on the dombra. The folk songs reflect the centuries of the people’s history, its struggle against conquerors and local bais (landowners), the labour and customs, and the beautiful natural surroundings of the native land.
Berkutchi - hunting with a golden eagle. A tradition that has already been practiced for ten centuries. They say that presenting a youngster with a fledgling of a hunting bird is tantamount to wishing him to be brave and strong young fellow. Virtually training of a golden eagle is a rare and painstaking art. The bird just caught is being slowly trained to its master (a berkutchi). For the purpose the man doesn't get a wink of sleep for several nights with the bird being subjected to similar discomfort. The bird must take food (pieces of raw meat) from its master's hand only. When the eagles has got used to the hunter, its horse and its dog, it undergoes training: first it "hunts" stuffed foxes and only then proceeds with real hunting.
List of literature
1. Ельникова Э.П., Зарубина З.В. Совершенствуй свой английский. –
М.: Р.Валент, 2005.
2. Молха Г.Х. О Казахстане вкратце. – Астана: Научная книга, 2000.
3. Артыкбаев Ж.О. 12 лекций по истории Казахстана. – Астана: Фолиант, Астана–СПб., 2002.
4. Знаменитые столицы и города мира: Справ-к. – Ростов/Дон: Феникс, 2000.
5. Иностранные языки в школе. – М., 2006-2008. Merkulova Y.M.. English. Reading, writing and conversation. – СПб.: Союз, 1989.
6. Kirillova E.P. Talks on Familiar Topics. М.: Межд. отн. 1976.
7. Клементьева Т.Б. Reader. – Обнинск: Титул, 2003.
8. Inside Out. – MacMillan, 2008.
9. Opportunities. – MacMillan, 2008.
10. Дроздова Т.Ю., Берестова А.И., Маилова В.Г. – Everyday English, 2008.
11. www.expat.ursat.kz
12. www.atlapedia.online
13. www.wickipedia.ru
Все темы данного раздела:
СОNTENTS
1. About Myself My Family ………………………………….……
2. My Home ………………………………………………….…….
3. Our University…………………………………………….….….
4. Student’s Life ……………………………………………….…..
Family, Relatives - Семья, родственники
1) mother, mum, mummy, mom
мама
2) father, dad
папа
3) parents
родители
II. Do the following exercises.
1. Find out 9 words which describe the appearance:
ashortbaahazelstaquilineovallslimfmediumheightdelicatebcharmingambushyg
2. Find out 9 w
Describe your groupmate using the familiar words.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
About Myself and My Family
My name is Natalie. My surname is Ivanova. I was born on the 9th of September, 1992 in Karaganda. My address is Flat 2, 19, Pichugin Street.
I am tall. I am not very thin
A) Two young people, George and Ann, meet after a long time.
George: I wished to see you very much, Ann.
Ann: I am very glad to meet you too. It’s a long time since we have met last time.
George: It is, indeed. I think
B) Marry discusses her family.
Alex: Hi, Mary.
Marry: Hi, Alex.
Alex: So, um, how big is your immediate family?
Marry: Ah, there are four of us.
Alex: Four p
A) Two young people, George and Ann, meet after a long time.
George: ____________________________________________________________
Ann: I am very glad to meet you too. It’s a long time since we have met last time.
George:___
B) Marry discusses the personalities in her family.
Alex: Hi, Marry.
Marry: Hi, Alex!
Alex: So we've been talking about your family a little bit. Um, I'd like to know a little bit more about the specific people
THE CROWD
Brown was out walking one day with his wife and his very large family. In the street he was stopped by a policeman who grabbed him by the shoulder.
IV. Fill in the blanks with prepositions and adverbs where necessary.
1. He pressed the button ___ the elevator. 2. Something is wrong ___ the kitchen sink tap. Ring ___ the plumber. 3. She glanced ___ the mirror and turned ___ satisfied. 4. Their flat backed ___ the
V. Translate into English
1.Окна нашей квартиры выходят на юг, так что у нас солнце почти каждый день. 2. Вам уже поставили телефон? – Да, он в кабинете, на письменном столе. Это очень удобно, теперь я могу, работая и не вы
VII. Fill in the blanks with house, home, or block.
NOTE: The basic meaning of the word house is a building intended for one household to live in. It may also mean "the home, or household" (as, to keep house). Home is an emot
IX. Add to Your Active Vocabulary
apartment - квартира
balcony - балкон
basement - подвал, фундамент
be adjacent to smth.- примыкать
чему-либо
be cramped for space - мало места
Renting a Room
A. Have you a room to let?
B. Yes, sir. What room do you want? A double-bedded room or a single?
A. I want a furnished living-room on the ground floor with bo
Wales - an architect who is to design a house, Bob - a client, Sandra - his wife.
W. Now I've made sure that the main services - water and electricity are available in Manchester. So there is nothing to worry about. I'd like to discuss with you the interior design. Shall
Read the conversation between Kelly and her mother and describe the house and the garden Kelly is speaking about.
Kelly: Mum, I’ve got good news. We’ve bought that house in Hampstead.
Mother: Have you? Oh, good. Now tell me about it.
Jane: It is a two-storied country sty
Accommodation Required
— Family, recently returned from Australia desperate for house/flat to rent. Anything considered — anywhere in Britain, Taylor, Cumberland.
— Young research worker and working wife urgentl
Our University
Karaganda State Technical University is one of the leading technical higher schools in Kazakhstan. It is quite large but not very old.
It was founded in 1953 as a Mining institute.
At the University Museum
A group of students from RUDN has been visiting our University. They are interested in educational problems and in extracurricular activities of the students as well. One of the students, Michael,
At the University Museum
Stephan: I’d like to ask a few questions, if you don’t mind…
Dyakova Nina Georgievna: ________________________________________
S: How did the history of the U
At the University Museum
A group of students from RUDN has been visiting our University. They are interested in educational problems and in extracurricular activities of the students as well. One of the students, Michael,
At the Youth Commitee
Stephan, a student from RUDN has been staying in Karaganda for a few days. He is interested in extracurricular activities of the students. Now he is at Youth Committee and meets Victor, a represent
At the Youth Committee
Stephan: Hello, Victor! How are you?
Victor:_____________________________________________________________
Stephan:
Read the dialogue and reproduce it inserting the necessary words and phrases.
(pleasure; attending; name; appreciate; display; activities; victories; as far as I know; groups)
Stephan: ______________, there are also amateur groups for y
READ FOR YOURSELF
Oxbridge
The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University, or simply Oxford), located in
I. Remember the following words and word combinations
1) entrance exams вступительные экзамены
2) to pass entrance exams successfully успешно сдать вступительные
экзамены
3) to fail exams провалить экзамены
4) to ta
IX. Dialogues
1. Imagine you are talking to Natalie. Fill in the gaps:
You. Hello! ______________________________ What is your name?
Natalie. Hi! My name is Natal
A TELEPHONE CALL
Alex is about to ring up a friend of his. He picks up the receiver and dials the number. The first time the line is engaged but then he gets through.
Bologna Process
The purpose of the Bologna process (or Bologna accords) is to create the European Higher Education Area by making academic degree standards and quality assurance standards more comparable and compa
Environment
Ecology is a science which studies the relationship between all forms of life in our planet with its environment. This word came from the Greek “oikos” which means “home”.
The Earth is our
VIII. Read and translate.
DON’T BUY DRINKS IN PLASTIC BOTTLES
FACT: Americans use 2.5 mln plastic bottles every year. These bottles can’t be recycled and won’t ever degrade.
WHAT TO DO: Only buy soda and o
IX. Decide what kind of weather is described in each situation.
Make use of the following words: hurricane, thaw, flood, blustery, foggy, snowdrift, slippery, scorching, humid, drought.
1. Big trees can be uploaded like small sticks. __
XI. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.
1. Suppose you get _____ (from, out of) you house __ (on, at) an early sunny day and see a yellow dandelion (одуванчик).
2. Our land is full __ (in, of, with) beautiful flowers, trees whic
Thunderstorms
Do you know what thunder and lightning are? Lightning is a big spark of electricity that travels from the sky down to the earth. Thunder is the big noise you hear after you see lightning in the sky
Air Care
Worldwide, the stinky problem of pollution has grown. More and more factories, cars, and trucks add their bad breath to the air. But the battle against air pollution is also growing. Many U.S. citi
Good Energy News
When we burn coal and oil for energy, we cause pollution. But little by little we're getting more energy from the sun and the wind. This energy is clean and renewable (that means we'll never run ou
Read and translate the dialogue. Roleplay the situation.
DOCTOR: Good morning. How are you?
PATIENT: Fine, thanks.
DOCTOR: So, if you’re fine, why are you here to see me?
PATIENT: No, what I meant wa
Look through the dialogue. Add the words of the patient. Roleplay the situation.
DOCTOR: And what seems to be the matter with you?
PATIENT: __________________________________________________________
DOCTOR: Let me see. Have you got a heada
Between Two Boys on Injuries
B: (Seeing his friend come out of the doctor's office.) Hello, Mike, what happened to you? Why is your arm in a sling?
M: I had a bad fall from a bicycle and broke my arm.
A Visit to the Doctor
- Well, what's the matter with you, Mr. Walker?
- You'd better ask me what is not the matter with me, doctor. I seem to be suffering from all the illnesses imaginable: insomnia, headaches
VIII. Make up the dialogues. Roleplay the situation.
You seem to have been ill. You are phoning the clinic and making an appointment with the doctor.
IX. Tell the story about visiting the doctor. Stages for actions:
Sport and a healthy life style
I. Read the following words paying attention to the pronunciation:
Kinds of Sports:
1. football
2. volleyball
3. basketbal
VII. Do, Play or Go with Various Sports.
Use "play" with any competitive game that you can play, "go" with activities that can be done alone, and "do" with groups of related activities.
Decide betwee
Sport and a Healthy Life Style
Nowadays our life is getting more and more tense. People live under the pressure of different problems, such as social, e
SMOKING
FOR:
1. I think smoking is a pleasure.
2. Little is known for certain about the tobacco effect on human organism. No visible harm to a smoker. At least no immedia
Lifestyle
(R=Receptionist, W = Woman)
R:New Life Centre. Can 1 help you?
W: Yes. Could you give me some information about your centre?
R: Cert
POLITICAL STRUCTURE, GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMY
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) sovereign
2) official language
3) on equal grounds
4) al
VII. Make up 10 questions to the text. Use them as your plan for retelling the text.
KARAGANDA – MY NATIVE CITY
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
to be
VIII. Add to your active vocabulary
Could you tell me how to get to …? (= Could you tell me the way to …? = Can you direct me to?) - Вы не подскажите мне как пройти к … ?
I am a stranger (foreigner) here
IX. Dialogues
Read the dialogues, learn them by heart and act.
Dialogue 1.
- Excuse me. Where is the nearest bank here?
- It’s round the corner over ther
X. Directions
1. Look at the map of Chesswood and find these things:
• a farm • a wood • a pond • a path
• a hill • a river • a bridge • a gate
Soviets say Talking Elephant Has Human Parents to Talk
Moscow (AP) – The official Soviet News Agency says that Batir, a baby elephant at the Ka
PEOPLE OF CULTURE AND SCIENCE OF KAZAKHSTAN
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) petroglyph
2) earthenware
3) applied art
People of Culture and Science of Kazakhstan
Culture
The land of Chinghiztau gave the mankind a lot of talented people – poets, writers, musicians, painters. The most ancient works of art on the terr
POLITICAL STRUCTURE, GEOGRAPHY AND ECONOMY
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the
Political Structure, Geography and Economy
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (the UK) is a constitutional monarchy. It has a monarch – a King or a Queen. The present British monarch is Queen Eliza
Read, dramatize and learn the dialogue.
W. Today perhaps you would kindly tell us something about North England and England's most important industrial areas.
M. Well, the centers of English Industry lie in the Mid
LONDON - THE CAPITAL OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) Village
2) Vast
3) Urban
VII. Find out the sentences which correspond to the text. Correct the wrong sentences in accordance with the text.
1. London is the capital of the USA.
2. London is a small town in the UK.
3. Its population is about 7 mln. people.
4. London is situated on the Volga and composed of thr
The Tower of London
1) violence 2) forefathers 3) to be guarded 4) to take place 5) password
6) to go back 7) Crown Jewels 8) can tell 9) the Ceremony of the Keys
10) ancient 11) to be founded 12) fo
XI. Dialogues
Dialogue 1. Read the dialogue and learn it by heart.
Jack – Hello, how are you?
John – I’m fine, thanks. And you?
Ja
TRADITIONS AND HOLIDAYS OF THE UK
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
1) annual
2) gift
3) to fall
Traditions and Holidays of the UK
It may seem surprising but the British have fewer holidays than many other countries. Some of them are named Bank Holidays due to the fact that on those days banks are closed. The p
Ghosts and witches
Halloween means 'holy evening', and takes place on October 31. This festival is particularly connected with witche
Christmas
For most British families this is the most important festival of the year, it combines the Christian celebration of the birth of Christ with the traditional festivities of winter.
English Pancake Recipe
Ingredients
For the pancake mixture:
220 g/8oz plai
VIII. Find some additional information about British holidays and traditions and tell us about them.
PEOPLE OF CULTURE AND SCIENCE OF THE UK
I. Read the following words and word combinations paying attention to their pronunciation:
People of Culture
Many British writers, poets, painters, sculptors, architects, musicians, composers, actors, singers and dancers are known all over the world.
People of Science
Sir Isaac Newton(1643 –1727) was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, a
People of Music
Edward Benjamin Britten(1913 –1976) was an English composer, conductor, violist and pianist.
Br
VII. Find more information about famous people of the UK and present it in the auditorium.
VIII. Dialogues
Dialogue 1. Read the dialogue and learn it by heart.
Joseph – Hello, Frank, where are
Новости и инфо для студентов