Names of Paradigms Used to Form the Sentences

Все темы данного раздела:

LANGUAGE SYSTEM: PARADIGMS AND SYNTAGMAS
This Lecture: • introduces the concepts of a system; • introduces the notion of language as a system existing in formal and se­mantic planes; • attributes linguistic sign

Elements Activated in the Sentence
  English Ukrainian he він used, come приїздив

Lecture 2. Сommunicative aspect of translation.
This Lecture • introduces the concepts of: • (a) communication; • (b) components communication consists of (message, message sender, message recipient); • (c) wa

TRANSLATION DEFINITION
In this Lecture the reader will: • find the definition of translation as an object of linguistic Study terms of process and outcome; • fi

And shows both the strength and limitations of each.
In this lecture we shall discuss the most common theoretical ap­proaches to human translation paying special attention to their limita­tions and ability to explain the translation process.

TRANSLATION RANKING
The lecture deals with: • various ranks of translation; • means to ensure adequate translation which have been suggested by dif­ferent scholars and translation ranks; • f

Lecture 4. TRANSLATION EQUIVALENCE AND EQUIVALENTS
This Lecture: introduces the notion of equivalence and translation units; • shows: • how the notion of equivalence can be applied to tran

A) Full Translation Equivalents
From the previous discussion (bearing in mind differences in mental images standing for the equivalent words in different languages and con­text dependence of equivalents) it may be righteously pre

B) Partial Translation Equivalents
To understand the partiality and incompleteness of translation equivalence let us consider the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of equivalence, because the partiality of equivalence is, as

Lecture 5. TRANSLATION AND STYLE
This Lecture deals with the style as an essential component of adequate translation; introduces:   • major styles: belles-lettres (prose, poetry, drama); pu

Transformations in translation.
This Lecture • introduces the notion of: • transformation as a change of thesource text *t the syntactic levelduring translation, •

English Verbal Complexes
A verbal complex is a unique structure of the English language sys­tem missing in Ukrainian. The complex includes a predicate verb, an object and an object predicate comprising either Infinitive or

Gender Forms
The category of Noun Gender is known to be expressed in English indirectly: either through pronouns or by lexical means. This informa­tion is to be born in mind by translators when translating from

Basic translation devices.
This Lecture: ntroduces basic translators' devices: partitioning; integration; transposition; replacement, addition;

Partitioning
Partitioning is either replacing in translation of a source sentence by two or more target ones or converting a simple source sentence into a compound or complex target one. One is to dist

Integration
Integration is the opposite of partitioning, it implies combining two or (seldom) more source sentences into one target sentence. Generally, integration is a translation device who

Transposition
Transposition is a peculiar variety of inner partitioning in trans­lation meaning a change in the order of the target sentence syntactic elements (Subject, Predicate, Object, etc.) as compared with

Replacement
•* Replacement is any change in the target text at the morphologi­cal, lexical and syntactic levels of the language when the elements of certain source paradigms are replaced by different elements

Elements Activated in the Sentence English Ukrainian
he він used, come приїздив Past Indef. минулий час to none Comparing the paradigm sets used to form the above English and Ukrain

Lecture 11. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE CHOICE OF EQUIVALENTS
This Lecture: • outlines basic factors that influence the choice of translation equivalents, i.e. context, situation and background information; • defines context varieties and th

Translation varieties.
This Lecture: • introduces the classification of translation based on physical parameters; • familiarizes the students with sub-categories of translation depending on genre;

Literary translation
This Lecture: • describes written translation subcategories; • introduces the notion of hypertext; • discusses challenges facing a literary translator. As mentio

Lecture 7. Translation into English.
This Lecture: emphasizes the essential features to be remembered by the students when translating into English: • pre-determined order of words in a s

This Lecture compares: working environments
• written translators and interpreters; • consecutive and simultaneous interpreter approaches - denotative and connotative, and tools the