Drop anchor at the pier - раздел Иностранные языки, АНГЛІЙСЬКА МОВА Max And His Wife Were Taking ____ Along The Black Sea Coast On The “Karolina”...
Max and his wife were taking ____ along the Black Sea coast on the “Karolina”. As we were spending the summer near Yalta we decided to meet them _____ . We arrived at the pier in time to see it entering _____ . Most of the passengers were _____ waving to those on the pier below. Everybody was impatiently waiting for the moment the ship would ____ .
The “Karolina” is a modern _____ . It has first-class _____ on the main deck. The second– and third-class cabins are below deck.
7.Speak about the advantages and disadvantages of travelling by sea.
READING
Text. A Sea Story
(after W. W. Jacobs)
1.Read and translate the text.
We asked our friend Captain Brown one evening to tell us something interesting about his voyages, and he told us the following story:
“It was fifteen years ago, when I was a mate on a ship which was going to New York. We were having a very good voyage. The captain came up to me one morning and said: “Last night I heard such a strange thing that I don’t know what to do about it. I couldn’t sleep and I heard a voice which said in my ear: ‘Sail north-north-west. Sail north-north-west.’ We must sail in that direction and find out.”
“I’m very sorry, captain”, I said, “but I think you had too much to eat last night and that’s why you couldn’t sleep”.
The captain was very angry.
“I didn’t eat much yesterday”, he said, “and I heard the strange voice three times, sir”.
The captain told the men to sail north-north-west. One of the men saw something black in the sea the next day. The captain looked through his glasses and said to me: “There is small boat there with a man in it. I was right last night, wasn’t I? We must save him”.
Soon we reached the small boat and saw that the man in it was fast asleep. He went on sleeping while we took him into our boat and sailed towards the ship. When the man was aboard the ship, he suddenly opened his eyes and cried out loudly, “Where am I? Where’s my boat?”
“Hullo!“ said the captain. “I am very pleased that we have been able to save you.”
“Did you order your men to take me out of my boat while I was asleep?” the man asked.
“Of course”, answered the happy captain. “Did you want to be drowned in your little boat?”
“Look here”, said the man, “My name’s Captain Wilson and I’m making a record voyage from New York to Liverpool in a small boat.”
2.Render the text as if you are Captain Brown.
3.Think of the end of the story.
TALKING POINTS
Read and act out.
At the Booking Office
L. When is the “Ukraina” due here on its way back to Odesa, please? I must be in Odesa not later than 23rd of this month.
BOOKING-CLERK (consulting time-table) The “Ukraina” is due here this day next week. It leaves at shortly after twelve on the same day. It will get you to Odesa on the 22nd at 9 p.m.
L. Can you let me have a cabin for two?
B-C I do not think I can manage it. And it’s hard to meet the demand. The season is at its height, you know.
L. Does that mean that I can book no passage on the “Ukraina” at all?
B-C Let me see. I am afraid I can’t give you anything but two berths in a third-class cabin.
L.(to wife) Are we going? It’s up to you, Ann. You have the last say.
L.’s WIFE It doesn’t matter at all, dear. We’ll enjoy it as much travelling third class. Let us book by all means. You know I’ve been looking forward to this voyage so much!
L.(to booking-clerk) How much will it be?
B-C It will be . . . all in all.
In the Cabin
L. (to wife) Quite comfortable, isn’t it?
ANN Oh, it’s just lovely!
L. Have you got the tickets, Ann?
ANN Yes, here they are. Who are we sharing the cabin with, I wonder?
L. It won’t be long before we find out. Well, what do we do now?
ANN I’ll start unpacking.
L. And finish about landing time? That’s where I do say NO. Let’s go up on deck.
I’ll just open the porthole. It’s a bit stuffy in here.
UNIT 6
Grammar:Modal Verbs (review)
Topic:At the Customs
Reading:Text. A Custom House Incident
Talking Points
GRAMMAR
MODAL VERBS
Modal Verbs
Meaning
Examples
can / could
1)physical, mental ability;
2)doubt, astonishment, incredulity (interrogative and negative sentences)
He shouldn’t smoke so much.
You ought to be more careful.
to be to
1)obligation resulting from a previous agreement, plan, schedule, time-table;
2)order, instruction
The train is to arrive at 7 o’clock.
You are to go to sleep.
! can= to be able to
may= to be allowed to
must= to have to
EXERCISES
1.Determine the meaning of the modal verbs can, could, may, might.
1.Carol can speak three foreign languages. 2.If you don’t take your umbrella, you can get wet through. 3.Could you help me with my translation? 4.What can I do for you? 5.When Bob was a child he could play the piano wonderfully. 6.I can’t drink my tea, it’s too hot. 7.Can he still be at the office? 8.It can’t be true. 9.You may take a day off whenever you like. 10.May I have my test on Tuesday? 11.You may not enter the house unless you have a permission. 12.They mightcome but I’m not sure. 13.It may be still raining. 14.He might be sick. He ate far too much last night.
2.Complete the sentences with a form of can , could , be able to. Some of the sentences are negative.
a) Speak up! I ______ hear you!
b) _____ I borrow your dictionary?
c) I’d love _____ help you, but I can’t. I’m sorry.
d) I ______ get into my house last night because I’d lost my key.
e)Women _____ vote in England until 1922.
f)I’m learning Spanish because I want _____ speak to people when I’m in Mexico.
g)The doctor says I _____ walk again in two weeks’ time.
h)I asked the teacher if I _____ open the window, but she said I _____ because it would be too noisy.
i) I’m sorry, but I _____ come to your party next week.
3.Complete the sentences with a form of may, might, be allowed to.
1. …. I bring my sister to the party? 2. He asked if he …. bring his sister to the party. 3. After they had finished their homework, the children … watch TV. 4. He … join the sports section as soon as he is through with his medical examination. 5. Becky’s mother said that everybody … take part in the picnic . 6. He … go home if he likes. 7. As soon as the boy … leave the room, he smiled a happy smile and ran out to join his friends outside. 8.The doctor says I am much better. I … get up for a few hours every day.
4.Put the appropriate form of the verbs can, could, may, might.
1.… I use your pen? 2.You … read this book: you know the language well enough. 3. You … take this book: I don’t need it. 4. …. I help you? 5.I… not imagine her speaking in public: I knew that she was so shy. 6. Something was wrong with the car: he… not start it. 7.A fool … ask more questions than a wise man … answer. 8.He knew this period of history very well: he had read everything on the subjects he … find in the rich university library. 9. … tell me the nearest way to the city museum? 10. She asked me if she … use my telephone.
5.Answer the following questions with suitable suggestions, using may, mightand the words in brackets.
1)Terry: Why is John wearing sunglasses? It’s not sunny.
You: (have some problem with his eyes).He may have some problem with his eyes.
2)Jill :Why didn’t Jane come to the party last night?
You: (have a row with her boyfriend). She might have had a row with her boyfriend.
3)Sue: Why is Alan in such a bad mood today?
You: (sleep badly last night) ___________________________
6.Which sentence on the right goes with the sentence on the left?
M O D E L : I must have a drink of water. The doctor told me to.
I have to drink lots of water. I’m really thirsty.
1. a) I must do my homework tonight. I’m telling myself that
it’s important.
b) I have to do my homework tonight. This is why I can’t come
out with you. Sorry.
2. a) We must go to Paris some day. Another boring business
trip. Yawn!
b) We have to go to Paris next week. It would be really nice!
3. a) I must wear something nice to the It’s the rule.
disco.
b) Men have to wear a shirt and tie I want to look good.
to go into a posh.
4. a) You must register for next term It’s said on the
before Thursday. noticeboard.
b) You have to register for next term One student is talking to
before Thursday. another.
5. a) I must water the plants today. I haven’t done them for
ages.
b) You have to water this plant daily. It needs lots and lots of
water.
7.Underline the correct verb form.
M O D E L : We have a lot of work tomorrow. You mustn’t /
don’t have to be late.
1.You mustn’t / don’t have to tell Mary what I told you. It’s a secret.
2.The museum is free. You mustn’t / don’t have to pay to get in.
3.Children mustn’t / don’t have to tell lies. It’s very naughty.
4.Terry’s a millionaire. He mustn’t / doesn’t have to go to work.
5.I mustn’t / don’t have to do my washing. My mother does it for me.
6.We mustn’t / don’t have to rush. We’ve got plenty of time.
7.You mustn’t / don’t have to play with guns. They’re dangerous.
8.This is my favourite pen. You can borrow it, but you mustn’t / don’t have to lose it.
9.‘ Shall I come with you? ‘ ‘ You can if you want, but you mustn’t / don’t have to ‘.
8.Match the two halves of these sentences. Remember can, may, must.
1.You can’t have lived in Tunisia a) after all your hard work.
for ten years
2.You must know Tokyo is b) after touring the world for
expensive years.
3.You must have met some c) if you’ve lived there.
fascinating people
4.You can’t be tired d) without learning some Arabic.
5.You must be exhausted e) when you’ve just had a holiday.
6.You may find it difficult to f) during your trip to Africa.
settle down
9.Make the following sentences with the modal verb to be to.
M O D E L : What am I supposed to do if they come too early? -What am I to do if they come too early?
1.It was arranged that the youngest children would play on the beach. 2.We expect you to show the place to her. 3.I am expected to leave tomorrow at the latest. 4. Where am I supposed to be taken? 5.This is Dora. It is arranged that she will share the room with you. 6.And who will do the cooking? 7. It is expected that two more apartment houses will be built here. 8.It was arranged that the cup final would be played that afternoon. 9.Who will meet you at the station?
10.Give smb advice using shouldand the words given in brackets.
M O D E L: Her diction is not very good. (to read aloud) – She should read aloud.
1.The boy is a little pale. (to play out-of-doors) 2.I am afraid you will miss that train. (to take a taxi) 3.There is no one in. (to try the room next door) 4.I have a slight irritation in my throat. (to smoke less) 5.This child doesn’t want to eat soup. (not to give her sweets before dinner) 6.She makes a lot of spelling mistakes. (to copy passages out of a book) 7.The dog is afraid of him. (not to shout at the dog) 8.The students are unable to follow what I am saying. (not to speak so fast)
11.Translate into English.
1.Мені дозволяють користуватися його магнітофоном. 2.Він може забути про це. 3.Йому не дозволяють купатися в цій річці. 3.Я гадаю, мені не дозволять поїхати з тобою за місто. 4.Я гадаю, мені можна дивитися телевізор. 5.Тобі дозволять піти гуляти, коли ти зробиш уроки. 6.Не йди з дому, мама може прийти, а в неї немає ключа. 7.Вчора їй дозволили прийти додому об 11 годині. 8.Скоро може піти дощ. 9.Тобі дозволяли ходити на озеро, коли ти був маленький? 10.Коли мені дозволять їсти морозиво? 11.Я повинна наполегливо працювати над своєю англійською. 12.Ти повинен читати кожного дня. 13.Ви не повинні забувати про свої обов’язки. 14.Ви повинні бути обережні на вулиці. 15.Вона, напевне, вдома зараз. 16.Ви, напевне, дуже зголодніли. 17.Напевне, дуже важко вирішувати такі питання. 18.Я повинна відвідати сьогодні свого друга.
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I. The Use of Indefinite Tenses.
v The Present Indefinite is used:
1) to express a recurrent or permanent action in the present;
e.g. He lives in Kiev with his mother. Він живе у Києві з м
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
aspiration to
cognition
hence
to be essential
precious
to be on the safe side
to spare oneself t
TRAVELLING
Travelling is one of the things which allows people to satisfy their natural aspiration to cognition of the surrounding world. Modern life is impossible without travelling. Some people travel on bu
I. The Use of Continuous Tenses.
v The Present Continuous is used to express:
1) an action going on at the present moment, at the time of speaking;
e.g. Why areyou crying?
Working.колипрацюю.
4) a planned future action mostly with verbs denoting motion.
e.g. We are flyingto Paris Вранці ми вилітаємо до
in the morning. Парижа.
v The Past Con
II. The Formation of Continuous Tenses.
The Continuous Tenses are formed by means of the auxiliary verb to be in the Present, Past or Future Indefinite Tense and Present Participleof the ma
EXERCISES
1.Put the verb into the appropriate form.
1.I (not to drink) coffee now. I (to write) an English exercise. 2.Your friend (to do) his homework now? 3.Look! The baby (to sleep). 4.My father
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
compartment
carriage
obvious
to board a train
to stand in a queue
to settle one’s business
to bo
Text. Mistaken Identity.
1.Read and translate using the dictionary.
Years ago I arrived one day at Salamanca, New York, where I was to change trains and take the sleeper. There were crowds of people on the platfor
Buying a ticket
A day return to London, please.
A single to Birmingham, please.
Two day returns to Oxford, please.
An ordinary return to Cambridge, please.
And which platform is
Dialogue C.
-Excuse me, don’t you think it is very stuffy in the compartment?
-Yes, rather.
-What about having the window open?
-I don’t mind. Can you manage it?
-I’ll try t
I. The Use of Perfect Tenses.
v The Present Perfect is used:
1) to express an action which took place before the present moment, when the speaker’s aim is to emphasize the present result of this action;
II. The Formation of Perfect Tenses.
The Perfect Tenses are formed by means of the auxiliary verb to have in the Present, Past or Future Indefinite Tense and Participle IIof the main ver
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
means of transport
to be at smb’s disposal
altitude
to cover the distance
non-stop flight
t
I. The Use of Perfect Continuous Tenses.
v The Present Perfect Continuous is used to express an action which began in the past, has been going on up to the present and is either still continuing or just finished.
e.g. His
II. The Formation of Perfect Continuous Tenses.
The Perfect Continuous Tenses are formed by means of the auxiliary verb to have in the Present, Past or Future Perfect Tense and Participle Iof the m
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
fast
to drive a car
wheel
to switch on the motor
to park
traffic “jam”
round-about
to r
My own car
Lots of teenagers dream of the day when they will be old enough to learn to drive (at age 17 in the UK) and have their own car. There are plenty of reasons why. They will be able to go out where th
The problems
Cars cause a lot of problems. Here are some of them. Put them in order from 1 to 6 (1 for the biggest problem, 6 for the smallest problem, in your opinion).
· The roads are too bus
Solutions from around the world
Different countries have different ways of reducing traffic. Tick the ones that you think are good ideas.
· In Britain, the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution has asked th
EXERCISES
1.Use Present Perfect (Continuous) or Past Perfect (Continuous).
1.I received a letter from Susan a few days ago. I (not to receive) letters from her since she left. 2.There are a l
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
voyage
quay
to moor
gangway
deck
to sail at a high speed
rough
pitch
roll
aft
forward
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
customs (customs house)
to prolong
to declare
to be liable to duty
duty free
a customs declaration
Going Through the Customs
-Are these three cases all you have, sir?
-Yes. They’re all I have.
-Well, would you , please, read this notice carefully?
-Thank you.
-Do you understand the not
The use of the Passive Voice
The Passive Voice can be used :
a) without the doer of the action being mentioned (the doer is either unknown or unimportant)
e.g. The telegram was sent yesterday. (Телегра
The formation of the Passive Voice.
The Passive Voice is formed by means of the auxiliary verb to be in the required form and Participle II of the notional verb.
to be + Ved(III)
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
single room номер для одного
double room номер для двох
suite [sw
Text A. A Letter
1.Render in English
Newton Hotel, Manchester,
16th March 2002
Dear Paul,
I was very pleased to receive your letter and to hear that Frederick i
Text B. A Bad Way To Begin A Marrige
1.Read and translate the text
“I never thought it was going to be like this,” John said. He was talking about his honeymoon and he looked very disappointed. He and Ann, his bride, were wal
Passive Voice
be + Ved(3)
Present Indefinite
Past Indefinite
Future Indefinite
am/is/are Ved(3)
wa
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
postal order
letter-box (pillar-box)
registered letter
Post Restante
book-post
par
Text B. Post Cards
1.Read and say what new things you’ve learned from the text.
In the mid-19th century, Henry Cole was a well-known museum director. Every year he sent short notes to his friends
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
to be in a good health
to fall ill
to examine smb
to catch a cold
to feel unwell
to cough
flu
AT THE DOCTOR’S
Good health is a great blessing. Everyone should do all to stay healthy. Being in a good health means having both body and mind in a good working state free from disease and pain. As a proverb says
Cause(s)… measures
a cough to put into prison for…
a headache to sack from school for…
pneumonia to take money for…
cancer to ban…
blood disease affect(
PASSIVE VOICE
Continuous Tenses
The Present Continuous and the Past Continuous Passive are formed by means of the Present Continuous and the Past Continuous of the auxiliary verb to be and Partic
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations
sales
processing
hardware
tower
keyboard
printer
software
to be evident
pros and cons
witho
COMPUTERS
Today economy increasingly works with computers. Computers also facilitate our everyday work and study. Modern companies analyse sales of products as well as potential sales of products, programme
THE PROS AND CONS OF THE INTERNET
The Internet is without doubt one of the most important inventions in history. It was started in 1968 by the US government, but at first it was used mainly by scientists. Since 1990, when the World
Questions
1.When and by whom was the Internet started?
2.Who used the Internet at first?
3.When was WWW created?
4.What is the main use of the Internet?
5.What are the adv
PASSIVE VOICE
Perfect Tenses
The Present Perfect, the Past Perfect and the Future Perfect Passive are formed by means of the Present Perfect, the Past Perfect and the Future Perfect of the auxiliary ver
UKRAINE
Today, Ukraine is included in all the world atlases. But there did exist maps on which Ukraine was not designated. In the past foreign invaders tried more than once to destroy and enslave the count
National Government
Ukraine is an independent state since adoption of the Declaration on State Sovereignty of Ukraine on July 16, 1990.
According to the Constitution of Ukraine adopted on June 28, 1996 Ukrain
Local Governments
Ukraine is divided into 24 regions called oblasts and the Crimean Autonomous republic. Each region has its local authorities.
2. Use the words from the box to complete the sentences
PASSIVE VOICE
(revision)
1. Match the two parts of these sentences to make well-known proverbs and sayings and find their Ukrainian equivalents in the box.
Teacher Student
They took you sightseeing about the town. About the town you say? Yes, I was taken sightseeing about the town.
1. The exhibition displayed in this museum greatly impressed everybody.
Text. Where To Go And What To See In Kyiv.
1.Read and say what new things you’ve learned from the text.
Khreshchatyk, the beautiful many-faced, brightly-lit main street of Kyiv, hasn’t always been like this. Originally it was Khres
Topical Vocabulary.
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
to fulfill
raw materials
processing industry
maize
sunflower
millet
cultivation
crop rotation
Text. Successful Farming Depends on the Soil.
1.Read and translate.
Successful farming means making the best and the most scientific use of natural conditions, land, crops, livestock, machinery and all the other things which have to b
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
to be founded
struggle
landowner
settlement
the museum of fine arts
the museum of applied arts
c
MY NATIVE TOWN.
Sumy was founded on the 25th of June, 1655. The founder of the town was the Ukrainian cossack Gerasim Kondratyev. When the Ukrainians struggled against the Polish landowners they had to
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
to look forward to з нетерпінням чекати
to have nothing to do не мати нічого спільного
Dialogue B.
-What a nice dress you are wearing!
-It’s my dad’s present on March, 8th. He has brought it from Poland.
-Do the Polish celebrate the Women’s Day?
-I think the
Make up five sentences and translate them.
I’m afraid
I was afraid
I fear(ed)
I worry
lest
the children should lose their way.
he should forget to post the letter.
we should miss
AT THE MAP OF GREAT BRITAIN
The British Isles consist of two main islands: Great Britain and Ireland. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland includes these two islands and over five hundred small islands. It
Text A. The State System of Great Britain
1.Read and translate the text using the dictionary.
Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy.
The bodies of British Government are the legislative, executive, judiciary.
Dialogue A
-What are you looking at?
-Don’t you see? This is the map of the British Isles. I am going to have my agricultural practice in Great Britain this summer. I try to find the town I shall wor
Dialogue B.
Volodymyr Vasylenko, a Ukrainian teacher of English, has been staying in London for a few months. Next Saturday morning he is leaving for Edinburgh. Last Tuesday Volodymyr saw Bernard Law, a Lon
Dialogue C.
Elections in Great Britain.
V.: All your papers are writing about the coming election. Do you think the party in power will win the election?
B.: They hope so.
V.: Can yo
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD IN COMPLEX SENTENCES
(continued)
3.Adverbial clauses of comparison and predicative clauses
The Subjunctive Mood is used in adverbial clauses of comparison introduced by the conjunctio
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD IN COMPLEX SENTENCES
(continued)
5. Subject clauses
In subject clause after a principal clause of the type It is necessary, It is important etc. the Present Suppositional
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
to the same extent
coincide with
dozen
to be in rush
holly
mistletoe
festive mood
love-token
HOLIDAYS IN GREAT BRITAIN
National Days in Britain are not celebrated to the same extent as in France or America. Scotland’s National Day is St. Andrew’s Day (30 November), which has now largely been overshadowed by Burns’
Jesus Teaches
Love
(Matthew 5.43-48)
You have heard people say, “Love your neighbours and hate your enemies,” but tell you to love your enemies and pray for anyone who mistreats you
The English Home
Many English families live in flats, but most live in their own houses.
On the ground floor they usually have the dining-room, the sitting-room, the kitchen, and the hall. In the hall ther
Fireplaces
In English homes, the fireplace has always been, until recent times, the natural centre of interest in a room. People may like to sit at a window on a summer day, but for many months of the year th
The Englishman’s Garden
The English are obsessed with flowers. If you don’t believe it’s true, look at all the gardening books in the bookshops, find out how many flowers arranging societies there are in England – thousan
View of Britain
Intrviewer: Hello. I’m interviewing people about what they like or don’t like about England. Can I ask you some questions?
Helen: Yes, of course.
I: Are you a
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
to date датувати(ся)
to dominate домінувати
to preserve an antique way of
Dialogue A.
-Are all the pupils admitted to higher schools after successful finishing secondary schools?
-Those who pass successfully their entrance/competitive exams.
-Where is higher educat
Dialogue B.
-Do the students have to pay for education in Ukraine?
-It’s common knowledge education in Ukraine is paid and free of charge as well. Students are also provided with monthly grants by the
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
the Commonwealth
to unite
decline
aspiration
to concern
to convert
an integrated part
appendag
THE COMMONWEALTH
The Commonwealth is a free association of Britain and certain independent states, formerly the colonies of the British Empire. It was founded in 1949. The Commonwealth has no central government, an
Dialogue B.
Read, learn and act.
-My French exchange visitor came yesterday.
-What’s her name?
-Marie-Ange.
-What a pretty name! What’s she like?
-She’s really nice
Encourage refuse promise demand suggest
1.”You must believe that I didn’t know it was stolen,” he said.
2.”I’ve never seen that man before,” he said.
3.”If you don’t leave, I’ll phone the police,” he said.
4.”I
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
giving credit to
a great demand
unemployed
preservation
nutritional value
well-being
flesh
mus
Topical Vocabulary
1.Remember the following words and word combinations:
to reorient
decree
to incur losses
profit
allotment
ownership
hired labour
wage workers
prop
ТАБЛИЦЯ НЕПРАВИЛЬНИХ ДІЄСЛІВ
be
beat
become
begin
bend
bet
bite
blow
break
bring
build
burst
buy
catch
choose
come
cost
cut
deal
dig
do
draw
drink
drive
Text 3 Variety of Mammals
1.Read and translate the text using a dictionary.
The living members of the class mammalia are today divided into three main sub-classes, according to differences in their anatomy a
To trace простежити
ancestorпредок
forerunnerпопередник
divergentщо розходиться, відхиляється
to breedрозводити
2
To hunt полювати
load-bearerвантажо-тягач
warfareвійна
chariotколісниця
to tillорати (землю)
harness
СПИСОК ВИКОРИСТАНОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ
1. Бонк Н.А., Лукьянова Н.А., Памухина Л.Г. Учебник английского языка. 1,2 части. – Москва – Харьков, «Деконт» – «Торсинг»,1997.
2. Верба Г.В., Верба Л.Г. Довідник з граматики англійської
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