Жизнь и творчество Шекспира

Created threesince superfluous century back tragedies, historical chronicles and theShakespeare s comedies live till now, excite and shake imagination of thespectators. The best theatres of the world and the outstanding actors until nowconsider for themselves as examination and happiness to put and to play hisperformance.Having seen such performance or simplyhaving read the play of Shakespeare, you want, probably, to learn more aboutthat, who has created these products. But it not so is simple.

About life of the great playwright fewitems of information were kept. Shakespeare did not write memoirs and did notconduct a diary. There is no at us his correspondence with the contemporaries.The manuscripts of the plays of Shakespeare were not kept also. We were reachedsome by the documents, in which the different circumstances of his life arementioned. Each of these documents, even if in it some words about Shakespeare,are investigated and is interpreted.As rare historical values those areconsidered few клочки of apaper, on which the dramatist s hand writes some lines or simply there is hissignature.

It was necessary to put a lot of work,which we could read now about Shakespeare that each educated man should knowabout it. William Shakespeare was born on April23, 1564 in small English town Stratford, located on to the river Avon. Hisfather was the handicraftsman and merchant. The story about childhood andShakespeare s youth is complete of colorful details.However science cannotrecognize as their quite authentic.

When Shakespeare there was by little morethan 20 years, he had suddenly to leave in Stratford. Young Shakespearehas set off to London. Having appeared in unfamiliar citywithout means, without of the friends and familiar, he, as assert widespread of the legend, earned the first time for life by that watched at theatreof the horses, on which came famous sirs. Later Shakespeare began to serve attheatre.He watched, that the actors in time should leave on a stage, copiedroles, happened, and replaced the prompter.

By a word, long before, how thegreat playwright has deduced on a stage of the heroes, he has learned hard lifeof theatre. Some years have passed. Shakespeare hasbegun to charge small roles at the theatre later, which have received the name Globe , which performances were a success in London.Theactor Shakespeare and did not become, but his statements about actor s art, andmain, magnificent skill in construction of the play, testify to amazingknowledge of the laws of a stage.

However, Shakespeare wrote not onlyplay. His poems impressed of the contemporaries also continue impressdescendants by force of feelings, by depth think, grace of the form. Thereaders can especially well estimate Shakespeare s sonnets, due to excellenttranslations. But the main business for Shakespeare,passion by all him of life was work of the playwright, creation of theplays. Shakespeare s hugelyskill as playwright.Language of his tragedies differs by unusual riches andbeauty.

Him the dramatic art borrows an honorable place in repertoire theatres of all worlds.Exulting pleasure of life,glorification sensible, strong, brave, brightly feeling, safely thinking of the man - basic in the first Shakespeare s plays - comedies Taming obstinate , a Comedy of mistakes , Dreamin summer night , There is a lot of noise from anything , Twelfth night , written in 1593-1600. In them theidea is expressed important for epoch of Revival the man needs to be judgednot on a dress, not on knowledge, not on estate and riches, and on his behaviorand personal qualities.

It is difficult to find in globaldramatic art the play same fantastically - cheerful, clear, magic, as Dream in summer night . Their participation in to destiny fondresults in a happy outcome. But noble humanistic the ideas ofRevival could not win in that severe epoch.In his following plays ideas ofRevival too are expressed, but the paints of the plays become gloomier.

Herepresents collision of perfect ideals a Cart of birth with severe activity. InShakespeare s creativity begins to sound a theme of destruction of the heroesespecially expensive to him, incarnated light humanistic of idea. Young Romeo and Juliet- the heroes ofthe first great tragedy Shakespeare 1594 - ardently love each other. The lovethem encounters an insuperable barrier- ancient enmity of families.In anunequal duel with century by prejudices, with the bloody and senseless laws, Romeo and Juliet perish.

But in their love, which has been not measured withbiases of olden time, the high moral victory is made. Shakespeare s plays went on a stage ofthe London theatre Globe . The theatre Globe was similaron round detachment visited in by 1599 the first Shakespeare s representation Julius Caesar , has named theatre Globe as the houseunder open by the sky. The visitant the foreigner who has with a straw roof- hemeant a roof above a stage.The name the theatre has received from a statue ofOat-flakes Afterstatement Julius Caesar with 1601 on 1608. Shakespeare hascreated the greatest tragedies supporting by shoulders terrestrial asphere Hamlet , The King Liar , Macbet , and Othello . Danish prince Hamlet bitterly grievesover the died father.

But suddenly he with horror finds out he has not died,he was kill. The murderer- the native brother killed, Hamlet s uncle- not onlyhas inherited throne of the deceased of the king, but also married his widow-Hamlet s mother.

In tragedy is represented, as Hamlet in the beginning convicts hypocrisy of a criminal, and then and revenges him for death of thefather. But it only coronationed external events of the play. The tragedy draws complex and difficultmeditations the boon of the native man about a nature of evil, about viciousroyal a courtyard, about lie, concealed in palace walls, about illnesses, withwhich the century, as if dislocated in joints is struck.GreatRussian critic V.G.Belinsky wrote about Hamlet It is soul,birthed for goods and in first of time seen evil in all of his foulness . Hamlet s loneliness is a loneliness ofthe man, which has outstripped the time, is with him in tragically dissonanceand consequently perishes. Last years of creativity Shakespeare 1608-1612 of his play get other character.

They leave from of real life. Inthem sound fantastic, fantastic motives.But also in these plays- TheWinter fairy tale , Storm - Shakespeare condemns despotism and,self-will rises on protection of ideals, expensive to him, glorifies force bylove, belief and best promptings of the man, asserts natural equality of allpeople. Exclamation of the hero by one of these plays As the mankind isperfect can serves a sign of epoch of the Revival which has presentedShakespeare s world.Shakespeare - author 37 plays, 2 poems, and also 154sonnets, distinguished by hot feeling satedby idea. Shakespeare s creativity is one of tops of art culture of epochof Revival.In 1612 Shakespeare has written last play Storm . Soon he has left theatre.

Can be Shakespeare has gonethrough disappointment at the English theatre leaving from of that great way,on which he conducted him .А therecan be within silence he wear out plans of new ingenious creations, with whichand were not fated to appear.

Shakespeare has died in 1616, per day,when to him 52 years were executed.He was buried in Stratford s church native,where till now come fans him of talent from all ends of the world to bow to atomb of the great playwright, to visit the house, where he lived, to look hisplays in Stratford s memorial theatre, where put only Shakespeare s plays.