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NEW YORK. New York attract peopl from all over.Get on a subway in New York and look at the newspapers that peopl around youare reading . One person is reading a newspaper in Spanish , anouther inChinese, yet others in Arabic , Russian , Italian , Yiddish, and French . NewYork was always a city of immigrants. It still is . The are5 boroughs in New York - Manhaptan , Brooklyn , Queens , the bronx , and StatenIsland.Brooklyn alone has so many people that if it were a separate city , itwould be the fourth largest in the United States.

Manhattan Geography. Manhattan is an island just 13miles long and 2 miles wide . It is the centre of American finance, advertising, art theatre, publishing , fashion - and much more. The borough of Manhattenis what most people think of New York, one of the most exciting cities in theworld.Manhattan is divided into theEast Side and the West Side. The dividing line is Fifth Avenue.So, for example, East 47th Street begins at Fifth Avenue, as does West 47th Street.Manhattan is also divided ,wuth less exactnes, into Lower Downtown , Midtown and Upper Up-town Manhattan.

As you go North, or uptown, the street numbers get higher. LowerManhatta refers to street numbers below 14th Street and Central Park, and UpperManhattan to the renaming, northern, part of the island. The Financial District . The Dutch were the firstEuropeans to settle Manhattan.To protect themselves from attacs, they built asturdy wooden wall. Although it s now long gone, this wall gave it s name to astreet in Lower Manhattan and the street, in turn, became synonymous withAmerican capitalism.

The street, of course, is Wall Street.The New York StockExchange and the American Stokc Exchange are both in the Wall Street area. Soare many stokc brokers, investment blanks and others bank, and headquarters ofmany large corporations.To escape the commotion ofWall Street you can visit the nearby South Street Seaport, an open area of lowbuildings on the East River. In addition to many shops and restaraunts, theseaport has a museum.

Two good ways to get thelarger picture of New York are to circle it in a bout and to hover over it inhelicopter.In the financial district, thogh, there s anouther way to see NewYork. The twin towers of the World TradeCentre rise 1,350 feet above the city. There s an observation deck on the 107thfloor of one of the towers.Appropriately, the very firstbusiness deal in Manhattan was made in what became the financial district. As every American schoolchild knows, theDutch bought Manhattan from the Indians,for the rediculously low price of 24 dollars worth of beads and trinkets.

Thereis, however, another, less known side of this evidently, the Indians who hadsold Manhattan did not themselves live there or in any sense own it. The Dutchand the Indians alike walked away pleased. The Lower East Side. The lower East Side wasoriginali an ellegant neighborhood.When New York was the capital of the UnitedStates, Presedent George Washington lived on the Lower East Side.By the mid-1880s the LowerEast Side had changed greatly.

It was chracterized by crime and the poverty andhopes of it s residents. By the mid-1800s the Lower East Side had become anarea in which immigrants settled.First there were many Irish, then came manyJews from Easten Europe.Near the Lower East Side thereare two other neighborhoods that also attracted immigrants and that are famousfor their food.The Italian restaraurants of Little Italy remain popularto tourists and Italians alike. Today Chinatown is the only immigrantcommunity that s still growing.

Chinatown has seven newspaper of it s own. Italso nearly 200 restaurants.Greenwich Village and the East Village. Greenwich Village and the East Village havealways been at the centre of New york s excitement.Both have been places forpeople with different and creative ideas. Both have an active nightlife withplenty of bars, restaraurants and clubs.In the early 1900s the charmGreenwich Village attracted bohemians - writers and artists.

By the 1920s, thestreets of the Village were filled with other peole, curious to see how theseodd Villagers lived. The artists and writers began moving out, some to the EastVillage. Today, the Village has many elemets students attending New York University an active jazz scene and in Washington Square - it s centre - streetperformers, police.Drug dealers, joggers, roller skates, and just abouteveryone else.When bohemiams moved to theEast Village 1920s, they found an area similar to the Lower East Side. Therewere many immigrants, much dirt and grime.

The East Village has changed verylittle. Over the years it has been a centre for many movements - for the beatpoets of the 1950s, the hippies of the 1960s, and, more recently, for New York spunk scene.The United Statesof AmericaThe Unites States of America are situated in the central part of theNorth American continent.Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast - by the AtlanticOcean. The total area of the USA is overnine million square kilometres.

Thepopulation of the USA is more than 236 million people most of the population lives in towns and cities. The USA is a very large country, so it hasseveral different climatic regions. The Goldest regions are in the north and north-east. Thesouth has a subtropical climate.The United States is a land of rivers andlakes The northern stateof Minnesota is the land of 10 000 lakes.

The longest rivers in the USA are theMississippi, the Missouri and the Rio Grande. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, theCordillera and the Sierra Nevada.The United States are riebiia natural and mineral resources. It produces copper, oil, iron ore and coal. Itis a highly-developed industrial Badagricultural coubtry. There are many bigcities in the USA, such as New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia and others.The national capital is Washington, D.C. Its population is about 3,4million.

Washington wasbuilt in the late eighteenth century especially as the centre of governmeat. It was named after GeorgeWashington. The USA became the worldteading country at the beginning of the twen eth century.US CongressThe United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states. Each of which has its own goverment stategoverment . In some ways the United States is like 50 small countries.Each statehas its own governor, its own police and its own laws. The present constitution was proclaimed in 1787 in Philadelphia, the President is the head ofthe whole country and the goverment and commandering chief of the armed forces.

He makes the most important decisions andchooses the ministers, the members of his cabinet. But the President cannot dojust what he wants. The Congress mustagree first.Americans choose a new president every four years. The residenceof the President is the White House in Washington, the Capital city. Thegoverment of thewhole country the Federal goverment works from Washington, this iswhere the Congress is based.

The Capitol is the seat of the US Congress.Congress is the American parliament which consists of 2 chambers. The Senateand the House of Representatives. The first Congress met in 1789 in New York city. The membership then consisted of 22 senators and 59 representatives. Today the House of Representatives has 435 members.Elections to the house take place every 2 years.There are 100senators 2 from each state , they areelected to serve for a period of six years, but every two years elections to the senate tookplace when one third of its members must be changed or re-elected.

Election day is always inthe month of November, on the first Tuesday, after the firstMonday. Americans who aren t yet 25 years old have no right to beelected to the House of Representatives. Whose, who are under 30 can t be elected in the Senate.The mainpolitical parties in the United States of America are the Democratic Party and the Republlican Party.WashingtonThe city of Washington, the capital of the United States of America is located in the District of Columbia DC for short Many people consider Washington DC tobe one of the most beatiful cities in the world. It is filled with manyparks, wide streets and impressive buildings.

In thecentre of the city, in Capitol Park, visitors eyes focus on the Capitol, where Congress convence to inectlaws.Many visitors come to Washington DC tosee the White House. It is the greatest attraction for many of them. The White House,the official residence of the President, is situated at 1600 PennsylvaniaAvenue, N.W. The largest room in this building of over the hundreds room is theEast Room, sceneof many state receptions, balls and musicals.

Other famous rooms are the Green Room, the Blue Room, theRed Room, which are used for afternoonteas and for receptions held before state dinners.The Blue Room, the most formal of these colors room is an oval-shaped room connectingthe Green and the Red Rooms. On the second floor, the floor with the family quarters and quests rooms, is the LincolnRoom, which one served as an office for president Lincoln buttoday serves as an honor guest room. In this room Lincoln signedthe emansipation proclamation of 1863. Other landmarks in Washington DC include memorials to three Presidents TheWashington Memorial, The Lincoln Memorial and The Jefferson Memorial TheLibrary of Congress, The National Gallary of Art, The John F. Kennedy centerfor the Perfoming Arts. The Capitol is in the very center of Washington.

It is located on theCapitol Hill, the highest point in the city. The Capitol is thehighest building in Washington.

There is a law in Washington not to build buildings higher than theCapitol. The conrer stone of the Capitol was laid by George Washingtonon Sep 18th, 1793. The Capitol is theseat of the goverment of the United States of America.