FOUR TYPES OF SYLLABLES - раздел Иностранные языки, Практикум по фонетике английского языка I – Open Syllable Ii – Closed Syllable Iii – Before “R” Iv – Before “Re”...
I – open syllable II – closed syllable III – before “r” IV – before “re”
a
o
u
e
i/y
I
/eɪ/
face
/ǝʊ/
note
/juː/
tune
/iː/
we
/aɪ/
time / type
II
/æ/
map
/ɒ/
not
/ʌ/
but
/e/
hen
/ɪ/
sit / myth
III
a + r
/ɑː/
park
o + r
/ɔː/
fork
u + r
/ɜː/
fur
e + r
/ɜː/
her
i/y + r
/ɜː/
girl / myrtle
IV
a + re
/eǝ/
parents
o + re
/ɔː/
more
u + re
/jʊǝ/
pure
e + re
/ɪǝ/
here
i/y + re
/aɪǝ/
fire / tyre
/ʌ/ – vowel, non-labialized, mediolingual, short monophthong
/ɑː/ – vowel, non-labialized, backlingual long monophthong
При произнесении /ʌ/ рот полуоткрыт, губы нейтральны, язык несколько оттянут назад. Задняя часть языка слегка приподнята. В случае ошибки типа русского /а/ язык следует несколько отодвинуть назад. Английский звук более краткий.
При произнесении гласного /ɑː/ язык находится в задней части рта, задняя часть языка слегка приподнята, кончик языка оттянут от нижних зубов, губы нейтральны. При ошибке типа русского /а/, звука центрального ряда, следует оттянуть язык назад и несколько удлинить гласный. Не следует широко раскрывать рот.
Ex.5.22. Read the words.
/kʌp/
/kʌt/
/lʌv/
/ˈlʌndən/
/sʌn/
/hʌt/
/fʌn/
/jʌŋ/
/ˈmʌndi/
/ʌŋkl/
Ex.5.23. Listen and read.
/ʌ/
o,u
bus
colour
come
cup
front
London
luck
Monday
month
mother
much
nothing
number
run
study
sun
uncle
under
Ex.5.24. Listen and repeat.
1. Good luck with your exam next month!
2. Take the number one bus.
3. I said ‘Come on Monday’, not ‘Come on Sunday’.
4. My brother’s studying in London.
Ex.5.25. Read the words.
/kɑːt/
/bəˈnɑːnə/
/təˈmɑːtəʊz/
/kɑːz/
/ˈgɑːdn/
/hɑːt/
/ˈglɑːsɪz/
/plɑːnts/
/grɑːs/
/ɑːnt/
Ex.5.26. Listen and read.
/ɑː/
a, ar
after
afternoon
ask
answer
bath
bathroom
can’t
class
dance
fast
father
glass
tomato
bar
car
card
far
park
star
start
Ex.5.27. Listen and repeat.
1. How far’s the car park?
2. We went to a large bar full of film stars.
3. We’re starting in half an hour.
Ex.5.28. Listen and write the words in the correct column.
heart / hat, far / four, cat / cut, look / luck, luck / lock, butter / better
Ex.5.31. Listen and repeat.
/kɑː/ - /kɑːm/ - /kɑːt/ /ɑːm/ /əˈfɑː ˈstɑː/
/fɑː/ - /fɑːm/ - /fɑːst/ /ɑːt/ /ˈɑːsk ˈfɑːðə/
/bɑː/ - /bɑːd/ - /bɑːk/ /ɑːsk/ /ðəˈdɑːk ˈgɑːdn/
Ex.5.32. Listen and repeat.
kʌb kʌp ʌs ˈsʌmθɪŋ ˈfʌni
bʌd bʌt ʌp ˈkʌm təðəˈklʌb
sʌn lʌk ˈʌndə maɪˈmʌðəz ˈkʌzn ɪzəˈdɒktə
tʌŋ hʌt ˈevri ˈkʌntri həzɪtsˈkʌstəmz
Before reading the text practice the sounds in the following words and word combinations:
Ex. 5.33 (a).
/ɪ/ – is, in, visit, still, pity
/e/ – Betty, Benny, well, better, bed, yet, then
/æ/ – matter, bad, have, glad, Saturday, Sandford
/əʊ/ – oh, no, so, old, home, cold
/ɒ/ – doctor, hospital, sorry, long
Ex. 5.33 (b).
Assimilation: in the hospital, in the park
No glottal stop: Is Doctor Sandford in? She is in the park. She is always glad. Is not at home yet.
Loss of plosion: bad cold, glad to see you
Phonetic notes:
1) Служебные слова (Function Words) – союзы, предлоги, артикли, вспомогательные глаголы и местоимения (личные, притяжательные, относительные, неопределенные) имеют 2 формы произнесения: сильную и слабую:
has /hæz - həz – z/
Как правило, в связной речи эти слова безударны и употребляются в слабой форме. Например: /ʃiˑɪzˈɔːlwəz ˈglæd təˈsiːjuˑ/
2) Обращение (Direct Address), стоящее в середине или в конце предложения, обычно безударно и продолжает мелодию предшествующей синтагмы и в отдельную синтагму не выделяется:
Good after､noon, Mr. White. /gʊdɑːftəˈnuːnmɪstəwaɪt/
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FOUR TYPES OF SYLLABLES
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Для студентов, обучающихся по направлениям
050100.62 Педагогическое образование (Английский язык)
050300.62 Филологическое образование (Иностранный язык и русский язык как иностранный)
Introduction
· Фонема (phoneme)
· Буквы и звуки английского языка (letters and sounds)
· Транскрипция (transcription)
·
Органы речи и их работа
(Organs of speech)
В верхней части дыхательного горла (гортани) расположены две мускульные эластичные подвижные складки – голосовые связки (Vocal Cords), пространство межд
Гласные и согласные
Если выдыхаемая струя воздуха не встречает на своем пути шумообразующей преграды, произносятся звуки, называемые гласными (vowels). В отличие от гласных
B) A letter
A letter came
in the post
from the coast
- the one that I wanted the most.
It said, “D
Lesson Five
· Consonants: /f/, /v/, /w/, /j/,
· Vowels: /ʌ/, /ɑː/
· Loss of plosion
November the first The traveller
November the first “A visitor? Having fun? A fine day for travelling,” he said
Five leaves left “A café? A phone? Here? I’m afraid not,” he laughed
One leaf falls “You’ll f
A turn re long ing er sleep
first syllable is stressed second syllable is stressed
____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________
____________________ __________
Geographical names
(Adjectives are often pronounced in a very similar way to the noun; they are not shown separately in the list. For example: Austria-Austrian. Some adjectives are pronounced differently; these
Lesson Ten
· Linking /w/, Linking /j/
· Intonation: Well, Exclamations, Preposition after the nucleus
Asking the way Hats
Yes. I’ll do one for you.
Go outside of the building. I’ll give you one too
Go along the street. a nice one
Go over the bridge. a new one
Go across the street. a
Solomon Grundy Thirty days
Solomon Grundy, Thirty days have September,
Born on Monday, April, June and November,
C
Lesson Eleven
· Strong and weak forms
· Intonation: Complex sentences
· Text: Dialogue
· Poem: Roadways
Appendix 2A more tongue twisters
/æ/
1. That’s the man who sat on my hat in the tram.
2. Once there lived a lad who was always very sad.
For he hadn’t any mother and he hadn’t any
DAYS AND MONTHS. ASKING THE TIME.
“Do you know the days of the week?”
“Yes, Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.”
“Now, let’s assume that today is Wednesday. What day will tomorrow be?”
OUR SITTING ROOM
Let’s have a look at this picture of our sitting room. As you come into the room you notice a piano with a low music-stool in front of it. Next to the piano is a tall bookcase standing against the
BALZAC AS A HANDWRITING EXPERT
Balzac, the famous French writer was a man of great talent. But he himself was proud of his ability to tell a person’s character by his or her handwriting. He often told his friends that he could t
THE SMOKING CHIMNEY
One afternoon Professor N. was walking along a country road when he saw a farmer eating his supper alone in the road before his house. The professor approached the farmer and asked him:
“W
MARK TWAIN IN FRANCE
Mark Twain, the famous American writer, was travelling in France. Once he was going by train to Dijon. That afternoon he was very tired and wanted to sleep. He therefore asked the conductor to wake
PLANNING A HOLIDAY
“I say, what are you and your sister going to do for your holiday this year?”
“Well, I don’t know. I should like to take my sister for a tour to the Baltic Sea, but then she can’t very wel
THE BELL-BOY
A traveller was standing at the desk in the lobby of a Washington hotel. He was in a hurry. He had only 10 minutes to pay his bill and reach the station. Suddenly he remembered that he had forgotte
Text 23
An English tourist found himself in Norway with only enough money in his pocket to pay his passage back. As he knew that it would take him only two days to get to England, he decided that he could
Dialogues
(Listen, complete, indicate the intonation patterns, mark and transcribe all the words with the target sound, learn the dialogue by heart, recite)
/i
An interesting film
Bill: ________________________________?
Lyn: _______________________________?
Mrs. Smith: __________________________.
Bill: ________________________________
Tim:
Eɪ/ At the railway station
Mr. Grey: ____________________________ ___________________________________.
Porter: _____________________________?
Mr. Grey: ___________________________.
Porter: ________
Eɪ/ At the railway station
Mr. Grey: ____________________________ ___________________________________.
Porter: _____________________________?
Mr. Grey: ___________________________.
Porter: ________
L/ A spoilt little boy in a bicycle shop
Paul: _______________________________!
Uncle Bill: ___________________________!
Salesman: __________________________ ______________________________________________________________
/ʌ/ – vowel, non-labialized, mediolingual, short monophthong
При произнесении /ʌ/ рот полуоткрыт, губы нейтральны, язык несколько оттянут назад. Задняя часть языка слегка приподнята. В случае ошибки типа русского /а/ язык следует несколько отодвинуть назад. Английский звук более краткий.
Listen and read.
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