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Реферат Курсовая Конспект
Self-Presentation
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Unit 1. Self-Presentation
UNIT 1
SELF-PRESENTATION
Answer the following questions: 1. Are you a student now? 2. What do you study? 3. Where are you at the… RevisionПравила чтения
Понятие открытого и закрытого слога. Слог является открытым, если он оканчивается на гласный звук, и закрытым, если он оканчивается на согласный звук.
Правила чтения
Существует четыре способа прочтения данных гласных букв в зависимости от типа слога. 1. а) в открытом ударном слоге (заканчивающемся на гласную); б) в закрытом ударном слоге (перед согласной, за которой следует нечитаемая гласная еПравила ударения
Сложные существительные, как правило, имеют одно ударение – на первом компоненте – classroom [‘kla:srum]. Если второй компонент является двусложным… GrammarJournalist librarian doctor psychologist soldier post-graduate writer student flight attendant direct-service social workers computer technician teacher mechanic
I am in the army. I carry a gun. – I am a soldier. We study at a University. – We are students.
1. He writes books and novels. – He ______________ .
2. She teaches courses at a high school. – She _____________ .
3. They can help you to fix any problems with your car. – They _____________ .
4. They treat patients. They _______________ .
5. We are attending a post-graduate course now. – We ______________ .
6. I write the articles you read in the newspaper. – I ________________ .
7. She brings us drinks on a plane. – She __________________ .
8. I help people to solve problems of living and resolve their mental health problems. – I ______________ .
9. We help individuals and their families to solve and cope with their problems in their everyday lives. – We ______________ .
10. She is in charge of a library and may provide information concerning individual books or collections of books. – She ______________ .
11. He repairs and maintains computers and serves. – He _______________ .
Task 2. Give short positive or negative answers to the following questions:
Are you busy at the moment? –Yes, I am/No, I am not.– Yes, we are/No, we aren’t.
1. Are you at the University? 2. Are you in the classroom? 3. Are you at the lecture? 4. Are you in the laboratory? 5. Are you in the library? 6. Are all students present in the classroom? 7. Are you hungry? 8. Are you cold? 9. Are you nervous? 10. Are you interested in English? 11. Are you on duty today?
Task 3. Give short negative answers followed by statements. Use the words suggested:
Is your brother a student? (an engineer) - No, he isn’t. He is an engineer.
1. Are you a social worker? (a student)
2. Are you a doctor? (a student)
3. Is your father a fireman? (a surgeon)
4. Is your mother a librarian? (a doctor)
5. Is your sister a schoolgirl? (a student)
6. Is your brother a student? (a psychologist)
7. Are you schoolchildren? (students)
8. Are you post-graduates? (students)
9. Are you prospective social workers? (clinical psychologists)
10.Are you prospective clinical psychologists? (social workers)
Task 4. Answer the following questions according to the patterns:
a) How are you? (very well) - I’m very well, thank you. b) How is your friend? (not very well) – He’s not very well, I’m afraid.
a) 1. How is Fred? (all right) 2. How are your neighbours? (quite well) 3. How is your mother? (not bad) 4. How are your grandparents (fine) 5. How is your teacher? (quite well)
b)1. How are your friends? (very well) 2. How is your patient today? (not well) 3. How are your colleagues? (fine) 4. How is Tom? (much worse)
Task 5. Look at the picture below and answer the following questions:
| Is the teacher at the blackboard? – Yes, she is. She is at the blackboard. Is the clock below the blackboard? – No, it isn’t. It is above the blackboard. |
1. Is the noticeboard on the wall?
2. Is the flag above the blackboard?
3. Are the pupils at the desks?
4. Are the wastepaper baskets near the blackboard?
5. Are the notices on the wall?
6. Is the teacher in front of the blackboard?
7. Are the students’ desks behind the teacher’s desk?
8. Is the plant on the table?
9. Are the teacher’s papers on the desk?
10.Are the pupils’ pens and pencils on the desks?
Task 6. Change the sentences into Past Simple, using the given suggestions. Change the sentences into Future Simple where possible, using the given suggestions:
I am a student now. (a few years ago/next year) I was a student a few years ago. I will be a student next year.
1) I am a pupil (last year/next year). 2) We are first-year students (last year/next year). 3) I am very tired today (yesterday). 4) My brother is eighteen years old (last week/next week). 5) It is very cold today (the day before yesterday/tomorrow). 6) It is difficult to study at the University (when I was a student/when I become a student). 7) My favourite sport is gymnastics (when I was a child). 8) Today it is 19th of May (yesterday/tomorrow). 9) I am pleased with today’s weather (yesterday’s weather).
Task 7. Answer the following questions, using Present or Past Simple:
1) What is first name?
2) What is your second (family) name?
3) How old are you?
4) Where were you born?
5) When were you born?
6) Where are you at the moment?
7) Where is our University?
8) What colour are your eyes?
9) What colour is your hair?
10) What are you like? (What sort of person are you?)
11) What are interested in?
12) What is your favourite sport?
13) What is your favourite book?
14) What was your favourite subject at school?
15) What date is it today?
16) What is the weather like today?
17) What was the weather like yesterday?
18) Where are you now?
19) Where were you at 10 a.m. yesterday?
20) Where will you be at 10 a.m. tomorrow?
Task 8. Study the following examples and translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
Present Simple
It is necessary for students to work hard to pass their exams.
It is useful for us to take notes of the lectures.
It is very difficult to study at a University.
Past Simple
It was obligatory for all students to attend elective courses.
It was interesting for me to attend the conference on family psychology.
It was important to revise all lecture notes before the test.
Future Simple
It will be useful to make a review of literature before writing a report.
It will be possible to make an appointment with the psychologist for next Tuesday.
It will be advisable for you to counsel a psychologist.
1)We find it difficult to study at a University. It is difficult for us to study at a University. 2) He found it easy to write the test.Pronouns
The information is very reliable. - It is very reliable. 1. His speech is really great. _______ is really great.Task 15. Read the name of the text below and write the questions that might be answered in it.
Task 16. Read the text below and say which of the questions you wrote in task 15 were answered in it.
My Working Day
I am a first-year student at Volgograd Medical University. I live with my parents in a flat (house) in Voroshylovsky district. (I am not a native of… Every day I have much interesting and important work to do. I always remember… I get up early in the morning – at about 6 o’clock, do my morning exercises and have a cold rubdown. As I am a student…Task 17. Answer the questions to the text.
Task 18.
B. Make similar notes about yourself.
C. Speak about your daily routine using your notes.
UNIT 2
Training of Clinical Psychologists in Russia
There is/are/was/were/will be Конструкцииthere is/are/was/were/will be используются для первичного сообщения…Task 14. Before you read the text share with your partner your ideas of available courses and degrees in clinical psychology in Russia, admission requirements, duration of these courses, their syllabi, and forms of academic process.
Task 15. Read the text below and say which of the issues from Task 14 are discussed in it and what paragraphs provide information on them. What other issues are covered in the text?
Training of Clinical Psychologists in Russia
There are a lot of medical educational establishments in our country ranging from a medical college, institute or academy to a medical university.… Those who want to enter a medical university should have considerable (if not… First-year students have to get used to a new mode and pace of life. Some students live at hostels, others rent rooms…Task 17. Answer the questions to the text.
Task 18. Match the English and Russian equivalents.
Task 19. Pick out from the text all the verbs which name the teaching staff positions.
A. Arrange them from the highest to the lowest.
The rector is charge of/responsible for V + ing... . Task 20. Match the academic form with their descriptions. Give Russian… Key: 1B; 2D; 3E; 4A; 5F; 6C; 7B;Task 21. A. Find the information about the departments providing courses at your faculty at your university website. Describe their teaching stuff and the courses provided.
B. Use the description of the Department for Modern Languages with a Course of Latin as an example.
· They deliver courses in Latin and modern languages to first-year students. · They also provide training in modern languages in the second year.B. Use the information from your university website to describe which lectures and practical classes are provided to you in the first year. Use the patterns
The Department for Modern languages offers practical classes in Latin in the second term. It also gives classes in modern languages in the first and second terms.
Task 23. Describe what things first-year students have to adapt to. Use the pattern as well as the prompts below:
First-year students have to get used to… .
Prompts:new mode and pace of live; new social environment; new daily routine; new academic requirements; new dress code; new academic facilities; new extracurricular activities.
Task 24.Fill in prepositions if necessary.
1. Applicants who want to enter … a medical university should have considerable (academic achievements at school. 2. I am a first-year student and I have to get used … living in a hostel. 3. As I was seeking … a master’s degree, I had to do a 6-year course. 4. Who is currently … head of your faculty? 5. Next year I will participate … research which is carried out by the department of general psychology. 6. Students do courses … modern languages … first and second years of study.7. … end of each term students have to sit for exams. 8. I am going to apply … a post-graduate course if I graduate from the university with honours. 9. Students can develop practical skills … practice settings.
Key. 1. -; 2. to; 3. for; 4. at; 5. in; 6. in, in; 7. at; 8. for; 9. in.
Task 25. Translate the sentences below from Russian into English.
Key: 1. What do medical educational establishments differ in? 2. I have to gain a high score in Russian and biology to…Task 26. Make up a dialogue to discuss the training of clinical psychologists in Russia.
UNIT 3
Your Medical University
Существует три основных употребления глагола to have. 1. В первом случае он используется для сообщения о наличии какого-либо… 2. Во втором употреблении глагол to have в сочетании с некоторыми существительными (class, lesson, shower, dinner,…Task 7. Before you read the text discuss with your partner what you know about the history of your university, the courses it provides, its academic staff.
Task 8. Read the text below and say which of the issues from Task 7 are discussed in it and what paragraphs provide information on them. What other issues are covered in the text?
Volgograd State Medical University
Stalingrad Medical Institute was founded in 1935. There was only one faculty then. It was the faculty of General Medicine. In 1985 the Institute was… Nowadays Volgograd state medical university has thirteen faculties and… - Faculty of General MedicineTask 9. Find in the text the sentences which suggest answers to these questions.
Task 10. Explain the meaning of the words in bold.
Task 11. Match the English and Russian equivalents.
Task 12. Describe the facilities students of your university have at their disposal. Use the pattern and the prompts below:Our students have educational buildings and many multi-profile hospitals at their disposal.
Task 13. Use the nouns below to derive: a) nouns naming an expert/specialist working in this field/setting (suffixes: – ist; ian;-er);B.
| The faculty of general medicine Pediatricians The faculty of dentistry Pharmaceutists The faculty of clinical psychology and social studies International students Interns, clinical residents and postgraduate students The faculty of refresher training | to train to be trained | physicians (therapeutists) and surgeons. at the faculty of pediatrics. dentists. at the faculty of pharmacy. psychologists and social workers. at preparatory course. at post-diploma probation department. medical specialists to equip them with the advances in medicine. |
Task 16. Study the contexts in which the verbs below can occur.
To grant a status/a license/permission/a diploma/ a degree
To award an order/a medal/a prize/a diploma/ a scholarship/ a degree
Complete the sentences using the nouns which are appropriate in these contexts in the required form.
Task 17. Ask questions to the words in italics:UNIT 4
Training of Social Workers in the United States
And United Kingdom
Grammar
Present Simple Active
1) регулярных, повторяющихся действий: Every day clinical psychologists help a wide range of people of all ages with all sorts of problems. Young… 2) действий, не имеющих точной временной отнесенности, постоянных действий,… Для формального выражения Present Simple Active используется первая форма глагола (неопределенная форма/инфинитив без…Past Simple Active
Past Simple Active применяется для выражения последовательных действий в прошлом: Yesterday I had a hectic day. First I reviewed five patients, then… Данное время используется также в вопросах, относящихся к прошлому,… Формальным показателем времени Past Simple Active является окончание -ed, добавляемое к первой форме глагола (для…Future Simple Active
I am experiencing insomnia, lack of appetite, and feeling of hopelessness. Have you seen a doctor? – What doctor? – I’d advise you to seek help… Future Simple Active применяется также для выражения предложений, просьб,… Данное время может использоваться в высказываниях, представляющих собой предсказание будущих событий: Medicine will be…B. Try to predict the contexts in which these words might occur or the problems which may be related to them.
Task 13. Now read the text and say which paragraph speaks about:A.
What are the Requirements to Become a Clinical Psychologist?
Becoming a clinical psychologist involves advanced education and practical experience. Clinical psychologist training requirements include the preparation necessary to teach courses at the university level, conduct research, and offer direct care to patients, making a degree in clinical psychology very versatile.
The training and licensing of clinical psychologists ranges from 4 year undergraduate degree plus a 4 to 6 year doctorate program. When considering educational options, a clinical psychologist needs to study for a Doctor of Psychology degree (PsyD) if their primary interest is working with patients in a clinical setting. The programs resulting in PsyD are mostly in private schools and have a greater focus on treatment.
A Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology degree best prepares the clinical psychologist to work in research and scientific settings. There are more students enrolled in PsyD programs overall so that both degrees are about 50/50 in terms of number of students.
Most educational institutions recommend that students start by majoring in psychology in college. However, other institutions accept graduate students with other academic majors. Most programs have internship requirements during which clinical psychology students gain firsthand knowledge of this field.
In the U.K., those training to be clinical psychologists have to complete a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (D.Clin.Psych.), which is a practitioner doctorate with both clinical and research components. This is a three-year full-time salaried program sponsored by the National Health Service (NHS) and based in universities and the NHS.
Both traditional and online institutions offer courses to help students reach their goals. With the increasing demand for and acceptance of distance learning institutions, there are dozens of accredited universities with excellent online clinical psychology programs. Online courses of study allow working professionals to complete their studies at their own pace and offer considerable flexibility in clinical psychology training. Online continuing education credits or individual classes also allow those with degrees in clinical psychology to enhance their education with further study in specialized areas.
In the U.S., Canada and the U.K the practice of clinical psychology requires a license. Although every state is somewhat different in terms of requirements and licenses, there are three common elements—a degree from an approved educational program, a minimum amount of supervised clinical experience, and passing an examination. Most states also require a certain number of continuing education credits per year in order to renew a license, which can be obtained through various means, such as taking audited classes and attending workshops.
Task 14. Correct the following statements to make them true to the text.
Task 15. Find the English words or expressions that are used in the text to give the following meaning in Russian.
Key: 1. to major in; 2. distance learning; 3. to enroll; 4. to pass an exam; 5. increasing demand; 6. to offer care; 7. to complete a Doctorate; 8.…Task 16. Match the equivalents.
Task 17. Underline the correct word to make sentences true to the text.
Task 18. Read the information below about the competences which an American/British clinical psychologist has to develop. Describe them using the… A competent clinical psychologist must be able to show/to demonstrate… A competent Social Worker must develop skills in/ability/capacity … .Requirements for Admission to Clinical Psychology Training
What skills do clinical psychologists need to have? What knowledge do clinical psychologists need to have? What do clinical psychologists need to be like? Skills Knowledge Personal Qualities …Personal Qualities
Clinical psychologists need to be:
· able to relate to people from a range of cultures
· patient, and adaptable in their approaches to people and their problems
· understanding and concerned for others
· observant
· able to inspire confidence in others and keep information private
· able to work well under pressure.
Task 20. Study the syllabus below. Say what competences it places great emphasis on.
Use the pattern:
This university places great emphasis on …
Clinical Forensic Psychology Training Program
Model Curriculum
Clinical psychologists are in demand in government agencies in every region throughout the United States.
Prompts: Veterans’ and military hospitals; drug rehabilitation and correctional facilitie; elementary and secondary schools; colleges and universities; hospitals and medical clinics; mental health hospitals and community centers; group and private practices.
Task 22. The text below has a few logical mistakes (they are underlined in the text). Try to correct them.
Clinical psychologists and psychiatrists often work in the same clinics and see people with totally different problems, but there is no difference… Clinical psychologists' key role is to consider what the science of medicine… They are each able to do this because the first stage in training as a clinical psychologist is a degree in economics,…Career Fields
Clinical psychologists frequently set-up their own ___1___ or join group practices. During the early 2000’s, over 60 percent of ____2____ worked in… Clinical psychologists employed at hospitals ___4_____. to specialized… ____6______, professionals specializing in criminal evaluation and investigation, need to be well acquainted with how…Task 24. Fill in the prepositions where necessary.
Key:1. for, in; 2. in, on; 3. at; 4. in; 5. in; 6. from, to; 7. for; 8. with, in; 9. through.Task 25. Translate the following sentences.
Key:1. Clinical psychologist training requirements include the preparation necessary to offer direct care to patients. 2. Training of clinical…Task 26. Mind different forms of speaking about requirements.
2. A clinical psychologist needs to study for a Doctor of Psychology degree. 3. Clinical psychologists need to/should be sensitive to people and their… 4. They must be able to handle responsibility, work independently.Task 27. Use the information from the text to specify the requirements to qualify for a job as a clinical psychologist in the USA or UK.
Speak about the degrees, duration of training, skills, personal qualities , licensing and continuing education required, full-time and part-time courses provided.
UNIT 5
Ways of Coping with Stress
Grammar
Present Continuous Active
1) действия, которое совершается в настоящий момент (момент создания высказывания): He is receiving psychotherapy in an inpatient setting now. 2) длительного действия, которое происходит в настоящее время: At present I am… 3) процессов и изменений в состоянии или ситуации: The psychologist says that the patient’s condition is gradually…Is performing
Are
Для выражения отрицательного значения используется отрицательная частица not, которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола (am/is/are):
Am not
isn’t performing
aren’t
Вопросительная форма конструируется путем постановки вспомогательного глагола (am/is/are) перед подлежащим:
Is the clinical psychologist trying to help the young guy to cope with stress?– Yes, he is./No, he isn’t.
Лексическими маркерами времени Present Continuous Active являются: now, at the moment, still, at present, currently, nowadays, etc.
Ряд глаголов не может быть использован во временах группы Continuous. Они могут быть разделены на следующие группы:
1. Глаголы, выражающие чувства и отношение: like, dislike, love, hate, enjoy, prefer, etc.
2. Глаголы чувственного восприятия: see, hear, smell, taste, feel, look, sound, etc.
3. Глаголы мыслительной деятельности: know, believe, understand, realize, remember, forget, notice, think, etc.
4. Глаголы, выражающие желание: want, desire, wish, etc.
5. Другие глаголы: be, contain, include, belong, mean, need, fit, etc.
Некоторые из указанных глаголов имеют несколько значений. При этом в одном значении они могут употребляться во временах группы Continuous, тогда как в другом значении не используются.
| Simple Tenses | Continuous Tenses |
| to think (считать, полагать) | to think (думать, размышлять) |
| to be (быть) | to be (вести себя) |
| to look (выглядеть) | to look at (смотреть) |
| to see (видеть) | to see (встречаться) |
| to feel (чувствовать) | to feel (ощупывать, искать на ощупь) |
| to taste (иметь вкус) | to taste (пробовать на вкус) |
| to smell (пахнуть) | to smell (нюхать) |
| to appear (казаться) | to appear (выступать) |
Past Continuous Active
1) обозначения действий, происходящих в определенный момент прошлого: At that time there was a patient on the unit who wasn’t responding to a… 2) обозначения действий, прерываемых другими действиями: When I opened the… 3) обозначения одновременных длительных действий: While my friend was gaining experience in practicing social work, I…Were making
Для выражения отрицательного значения используется отрицательная частица not, которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола (was/were):
wasn’t making
weren’t
Вопросительная форма конструируется путем постановки вспомогательного глагола (was/were) перед подлежащим:
Was the therapy session taking place when you came?- Yes, it was./No, it wasn’t.
Future Continuous Active
1) действий, которые будут совершаться в определенный момент будущего: This time tomorrow I will be attending a 2-hour-group therapy session. I will… 2) запланированных действий в будущем (подобно времени Present Continuous… Для формального выражения Future Continuous Active используется вспомогательный глагол будущего времени (shall/will),…Will be reviewing
shan’t be reviewing won’t be Вопросительная форма конструируется путем постановки вспомогательного глагола (shall/will) перед подлежащим: Will you…Task 6. Extend the statements, using Future Continuous Tense and the suggestions indicated. Make the object of the given sentence the subject of the new one.
| Don’t call me at six. (do my homework) Don’t call me at six. I’ll be doing my homework. |
1) Don’t call me at 8.30. (go to the University)
2) Don’t drop in from 6 to 9 p.m. (visit my grandparents)
3) Don’t call me from 9 a.m. till 11 a.m. (counsel my clients)
4) Don’t call me at this time tomorrow. (make home visits to my clients)
5) Don’t call me at this tomorrow. (make some important phone calls)
6) Don’t call me tomorrow. (do a great deal of important paperwork)
7) Don’t drop in tomorrow from 10 a.m. till 6 p.m. (be out/visit my friends in the country)
8) Don’t call me at 6 p.m.(leave my office)
9) Don’t call me at 6 a.m. tomorrow. (sleep in my bed)
10) Don’t drop in at 2 p.m. on Sunday. (do the shopping)
Task 7. Answer the questions in the Future Continuous Tense, using the given suggestions:
| What will you be doing tomorrow at 3 p.m.? (see my psychologist) – I’ll be seeing my psychologist. |
1) What will you be doing tomorrow at 8.30 a.m.? (attend a lecture);
2) What will you be doing tomorrow at 1p.m.? (have a lunch break)
3) What will you be doing tomorrow at 4 p.m. ? (do my homework)
4) What will you be doing next Monday at 12.30 p.m.? (have my classes)
5) What will you be doing this time tomorrow? (have my classes)
6) What will you be doing from 8.30 a.m. till 10 a.m. on Friday? (have a seminar)
7) What will you be doing at this time on Wednesday? (go home from the University)
8) What will you be doing from 1 p.m. till 3 p.m. the day after tomorrow? (work in the library to prepare for my seminar)
9) What will you be doing at this time next week? (attend my classes)
10) What will you be doing at 5 a.m. tomorrow? (sleep)
Task 8. Answer the following questions:
a) use Present Continuous Active in your answers.
1. What are you doing now? 2. Who is delivering an English class today? 3. What language are you speaking now? 4. What grammar material are you discussing today? 5.What are the other students doing now? 6. Where are you going after classes today? 7. What topic are you discussing in history now? 8. What issues are they discussing in psychology at present? 9. Are you facing any concerns at present? 10. Are you participating an any extra curricula activities at present? 11. Are feeling nervous? 12. Are you working on any psychology problem now? 13. Are doing research into any psychological issues at present?
b) use Past Continuous Active in your answers.
1. What was the lecturer demonstrating when the screen went blank? 2. What were you doing when the lecture began? 3. What were you doing at 5 p.m. yesterday? 4. What were you doing when the professor arrived? 5. Who were you talking to when I met you yesterday? 6. What were the patients doing when the physician came? 7. Were you feeling nervous when the teacher gave you the test? 8. What were you doing when the teacher was giving you home assignments? 9. What were you doing when an English class began? 10. What were you doing at this time last year? 11. What were you doing from 10 p.m. till 11 p.m. yesterday?
c) use Future Continuous Active in your answers.
1. What will you be doing tomorrow afternoon? 2. Who will the physician be encountering at 9 o’clock? 3. Which courses will you be doing next term? 4. Which test will you be sitting for at 10 tomorrow? 5. What rules will you be revising in the evening today? 6. What exam will you be taking next Monday? 7. Which specialist will you be seeing tomorrow morning? 10. What grammar material will you be discussing next time?
Task 9. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
1. Ее состояние постепенно улучшается. 2. Вчера с 10 утра до 18 вечера он работал со своими клиентами на дому (make home visits to his clients). 3. Я буду на приеме у психолога в это время завтра. 4. Он сейчас апробирует новый подход к психологическому лечению больных алкоголизмом. 5. Завтра в 11 часов я делаю доклад об этом случае. 6. Они начинают работать с этим клиентом завтра. 7. Пациент внимательно слушал доктора, пока тот ему рассказывал о плане лечения. 8. Сейчас социальный работник записывает в карту клиента данные опроса семьи больного. 9. В это время завтра я буду проводить сеанс семейной терапии в больнице. 10. Не звоните мне в 10 утра, я буду консультировать моих клиентов. 11. Я начала сильно нервничать, когда социальный работник задавал мне вопросы о моей личной жизни. 12. Какое лечение вы сейчас проходите? 13. Что у вас спрашивал психолог, когда раздался телефонный звонок? 14. Сейчас я посещаю подготовительные курсы, чтобы поступить на факультет «Социальной работы и клинической психологии» в следующем году.
To be going to do sth
- намерения совершить некоторое действие в будущем: I am going to work with each of the family members individually. - предсказания/прогноза развития какой-либо ситуации: The patient - looks very frustrated as if she is going to cry.Task 16. A. Find the Russian equivalents of the following English words using the Multitran online dictionary.
Sympathetic,well balanced, nutrient-dense, emotional, frustrated, physiological, accelerated, purposeful, nutrients, relaxation, facilitate, anxiousness, unpleasant, development; breakdown; to damage; to survive; to speed up; aging.
B. Try to predict the contexts in which these words might occur or the problems which may be related to them.
A. Harmful consequences of stress. B. Ways of preventing and managing stress. C. Physiological reactions associated with stress.Task 19. Find the English words or expressions that are used in the text to give the following meaning in Russian.
2. выбрасывать, высвобождать что-либо в____________________________ 3. увеличивать сердечный выброс___________________________________ 4. заплатить высокую цену_________________________________________Task 21. Fill in prepositions if necessary.
Task 22. Translate the following sentences. 1. Стресс и переутомление (overstrain) приносят огромный вред здоровью человека. 2. Его слова вызвали неожиданную…Task 24. Make up a dialogue between a social worker and their service-user in which a social worker tries to discover the roots of stress, explain physiological reactions to it, and give advice on how to manage stress.
Task 25. Use the information from this unit and find additional information on Internet to prepare a presentation on the following problems:
· Other stress management techniques
· Stress symptoms and manifestations
· Positive effects of stress
· Causes of stress
· Negative effects of stress
UNIT 6
Social Maturity
Grammar
Present Perfect Active
1) для обозначения действий, которые совершены недавно или некоторое время назад, но результаты таких действий значимы и актуальны в момент… 2) для обозначения действий, которые совершены, а период времени, в который…Past Perfect Active
1) действий, завершившихся на определенный момент прошлого, который может быть обозначен либо при помощи отдельных слов (by that time, by 3… 2) действий, начавшихся в прошлом и закончившихся или продолжающихся на более… Средствами формального выражения Past Perfect Active являются глагол had, за которым следует Participle II, то есть…Future Perfect Active
Для формального выражения этого времени используются: глагол will + have + глагол с окончанием –ed или третья форма глагола (для неправильных… Task 1. Answer the questions, saying Yes and using the verb suggested in the… 1. Do you know how to work with a computer? (use)Task 3. Answer the questions, using the words suggested.
2. How long have you prepared a report for legal action? (for at least three days) 3. How long have you smoked? (for years) 4. How long have you provided individual tutoring to this high school student? (for a year and a half)Task 6. Answer the questions in the Future Perfect Tense, using the given suggestions. Follow the pattern.
2. Will she still be under medical supervision next month? (be discharged and come back from the hospital) 3. Will this girl still be at school next year? (be expelled from school for… 4. Will this elderly man still be in the hospital next week? (come back to his home)Task 8. Put questions to the words in italics.
Task 9.Put the verbs in brackets into correct tense-forms: Present Continuous,… 1. Doctors, nurses and other caregivers … (to provide) medical support, but it … (to be) the responsibility of the…Task 12. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
Reading and Speech PracticeTask 13.Read the name of the text below.
A. Find the Russian equivalents of the following English words using the Multitran online dictionary. Try to explain their meaning in your own words.
Social maturity,alcoholism and drug abuse, appreciation, value, commitment, whim, diversity.
B. Try to predict the contexts in which these words might occur or the problems which may be related to them.
C. Write the questions that might be answered in it.
Task 14. Read the text. Which of the questions you wrote were answered in the text?
Social Maturity
(2) Children are by definition, socially immature, and nobody wants them to stay that way as they grow into adults. Social immaturity in adults is… (3) Children pass through predictable developmental stages in which their… (4) The first Sensorimotor stage is so-named because babies who are in this stage are basically preoccupied with the…Task 15. Use the information from this text to match the name of a stage and its description.
Task 17.Find the English words or expressions that are used in the text to give the following meaning in Russian.
Task 18. Match the words and phrases with similar meanings.
Task 19.Underline the correct word to make sentences true to the text. In one sentence both words may suit.
Task 20. Fill in the correct verb from the list to make phrases from the text.
To pass, to play, to do, to take, to grow, to satisfy, to achieve, to govern, to acquire.
Into adults
Simple adding and subtracting operations
Social maturity
A role
Through a stage
6. ________________________________one’s behavior
Values
Into account
Needs
Task 21. Pick out all the words and word-combinations from the text whose meaning is понять, осознать что-либо. Fill the gaps with appropriate words.
1. I don't really … how he could persuade her to help him. 2. She … not … how bad her father’s condition was. 3. By the age of 5 children … … of other people’s wishes. 4. The parents were glad that she finally … … that she should consider other people’s feelings. 5. Only a few years later he … … how badly he treated his parents. 6. He was wrong but he didn’t … his mistake.
Task 22. Study the ways the word awareness can be translated: осведомленность, информированность, сознание, осознание, знание, просвещение.
a) Choose the best translation for each of the phrases below:
Environmental awareness → 1) осведомленность в проблемах окружающей среды; 2) осознание важности экологических проблем; 3) экологическая грамотность; 4) экологическое сознание.
Self-awareness → 1) самосознание; 2) самоосмысление; 3) поглощенность собой.
Public awareness – 1) осведомленность общественности; 2) внимание общественности.
Disease awareness – 1) осведомленность о заболевании; 2) знание о клинических проявлениях заболевания.
Ethnic awareness – 1) знание об этнической принадлежности; 2) этническое сознание.
Civic awareness - 1) гражданское сознание; 2) информированность о правах и обязанностях гражданина.
Social awareness – 1) социальная осведомленность; 2) социальное сознание; 3) социальное осознание.
Brand awareness – 1) осведомленность о торговой марке; 2) известность бренда; 3) репутация бренда; 4) узнаваемость бренда.
Political awareness – 1) политическая осведомленность; 2) политическое сознание; 3) информированность относительно политических вопросов.
Cultural awareness – 1) осознание культурной принадлежности; 2) культурное сознание; 3) культурное восприятие.
Legal awareness - 1) правосознание; 2) осведомленность в юридических вопросах.
Spiritual awareness - 1) религиозное сознание; 2) осознание духовных идеалов.
b) Provide a description using the pattern:
A politically aware person is a person interested in and knowing about current political events.
A culturally aware person is a person …
An ecologically aware person is a person …
A spiritually aware person is a person …
A legally aware person is a person …
A socially aware person is a person …
An ethnically aware person is a person …
An environmentally aware person is a person …
Task 23. A. Read the text below and find answers to the following questions:
1. How many dimensions does socialization have? 2. What are the three dimensions of socialization? 3. Why social rules are difficult to learn?
Socialization
Learning what the rules are – and when to apply or bend them – is, however, only one dimension of socialization. Every society has ideas about what… Finally, socialization involves learning to live with other people and…B. Read the statements below and say if they are true or false. Correct the false statements.
Socialization involves the way children learn to relate to other people.
2. Socialization means opposing oneself to one’s social environment.
Socialization means learning the rules of behavior of the culture within which an individual is born and will live.
Socialization means social identification.
Socialization means social rivalry.
Socialization involves acquiring social values.
Socialization means rejecting social norms.
Task 24. Fill in the prepositions.
Task 25. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
Task 25. Answer the following questions. Give reasons.
Task 26. Use the spidergram from task 15 to speak about social maturity. Task 27.Use the information from this unit and find additional information on Internet to prepare a presentation on…UNIT 7
Personality Development
Grammar
Tenses. Revision
1. Doctors, nurses and other caregivers … (to provide) medical support, but it … (to be) the responsibility of the social worker to provide the… Task 2. Put the verbs in brackets into correct tense-forms: Past Continuous,… 1. On her first visit to the mental health clinic, Erica … (to cry) and … (to talk) about her failing memory. 2.…Task 4. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
Reading and Speech Practice Task 5. Read the title of the text and try to guess what the text is about… · heredityTask 7. Find the English words or expressions that are used in the text to give the following meaning in Russian.
Task 8. Match the words and phrases with similar meanings. 1. to ridicule sb A. to raise children 2. sibling B.…Task 9.Replace the words in bold with their opposites to make them true to the text.
Task 10. a) Pick out from the text all the verbs used with the word personality. Give their Russian equivalents. b) Fill in the gaps with appropriate verbs or their derivatives: develop,… 1. People usually wear clothes that … their personality. 2. When you grow up, your peers … your personality towards…A) emotional tone
B) temperament
C) personality traits
D) values
E) beliefs
f) expectations
Which of them
· color personality · shaped by personality Task 13. According to Erikson, a child encounters a psychosocial challenge at each stage. If the child successfully…Telegraphic speech; socialization, democratic families; egocentric; maturation.
2. Seeing and thinking of the world only from one’s own standpoint is called ________ thinking. 3. Children at around age 2 use _____________ in which the words are left out… 4. The study of changes that occur as an individual matures is ____________.Task 15. Test your intuitions about behaviour by answering true or false to the statements below.
2. For the first week of life a baby sees nothing but shades of gray-blue regardless of where he or she looks. 3. A child learns to talk more quickly if the adults around the child… 4. The best way to get a chronically noisy child to settle down and pay attention is to punish him or her.Task 16. Fill in the prepositions where necessary.
Task 17. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
Task 18. Use the information from Units 6 and 7 and find additional information on Internet to prepare a presentation on the following problems: · How do children learn to speak? · What is socialization and why is it so important to development?UNIT 8
Personality Types
Grammar
Modal Verbs
- не передают никаких других грамматических форм времени, кроме Simple. Все модальные глаголы не имеют формы будущего времени, а глагол must - и… - не образуют форму Passive Voice; - в инфинитивной форме употребляются без частицы «to», и следующие за ними глаголы в форме инфинитива также…Рассмотрим грамматические формы и варианты значений наиболее часто употребляемых модальных глаголов.
CAN / COULD
| Present | Past | Future |
| can | could | --- |
| am/is/are able to | was/were able to | will be able to |
| Значение | Примеры |
| Физическая, умственная, объективная возможность совершения действия (mental, physical and circumstantial ability) | I can’t walk much as my leg aches. They can cope with the most difficult situations. Eating fish and raw vegetables can help you to keep slim. |
| Вероятность совершения действия (probability) | There could be another rise in grippe incidence next month. I’m free today. We could meet somewhere. |
| Просьба (request) | We could discuss it later, couldn’t we? Can I have my chest X-ray made immediately? |
| Разрешение (permission) | You can apply this cream for 5 minutes daily. You can borrow the books for a month. |
| Запрет (prohibition) | You cannot practice medicine without being licensed |
| Сомнение, удивление, отсутствие возможности или вероятности совершения действия (Doubt, astonishment, lack of probability) | She can’t have made so many mistakes. She is a brilliant student. She couldn’t have so many mistakes. She consulted her tutor. |
| Нереализованные возможности (lost opportunity) | You could tell me you are not going to attend this course. Eating fish and raw vegetables could prevent you from gaining 20 extra pounds. (Для сравнения см. 1 значение) |
Task 1. Extend the statements expressing the possibility of fulfilling the action in the future. Use the given suggestions:
| I can’t do it now. (tomorrow) I’ll be ableto do it tomorrow. |
1. He can’t speak to you now. (in an hour)
2. Tom can’t leave the hospital now. (in a fortnight)
3. They can’t speak English very well now. (after a year or two)
4. The girl cannot adapt to the changes in her lifestyle because of a kidney transplant right now. (in a few months’ time)
5. The car crash victim can’t return to work and her daily activities now. (after a few weeks)
6. I am in some form of debt now and can’t pay it back. (next month)
7. He can’t earn a lot of money now. (in the future)
8. I can’t overcome my depression and low moods now. (soon)
9. The woman can’t pay for the treatment now. (next week)
10. The physician can’t decide which treatment plan to choose right now. (one of these days)
11. I can’t find a social work job at present. (soon)
12. The woman can’t get in touch with the social worker. (in an hour)
Task 2. Change the following sentences (a) into the future, (b) into the past, using the given time expressions:
| I can meet you. a) on Sunday b) because I had time I will be able to meetyou on Sunday. I could meet you because I had time. |
1) We cannot understand it. (a) until you explain it
(b) because he spoke too fast
2) I can’t find it. (a) until tomorrow
(b) when we looked for it
3) My sister can’t help me. (a) until she comes home
(b) as she had no time
4) The social worker can’t
help my child. (a) until I speak to her about the problem
(b) because she hadn’t done the initial assessment
of my child yet.
5) I can’t find your website. (a) until you show me the website address
(b) because I didn’t know the address
6) She can’t convey the
information verbally. (a) when she knows how to do this
(b) because she was frustrated
7) He can control his
emotions. (a) when he gets quite
(b) because he was calm
8) The social worker can
provide an appropriate
support and counseling
to my family. (a) ask the social worker for assistance
(b) because she had been involved into looking
after my family
9) She can talk to her friend on
the phone. (a) tomorrow
(b) when she arrived home from work
10) She can work on a team. (a) if she feels quite comfortable
(b) because she felt quite comfortable with the team
Task 3. Analyze the following sentences. Explain the meaning of “can/could”:
1. The children who require foster care can be any age, from infancy through to those in their mid teens. 2. Mental disorders, learning difficulties, terminal illness and chronic disease can also qualify a person as being disabled. 3. When I was younger, I could run 3 miles without any sign of breathlessness. 4. Can you speak up a bit? I can’t understand a word. 5. For example, a woman pregnant who cannot provide a high quality of life for her child may consider adoption as an option. 6. You can smoke if you like. I don’t mind. 7. When you are expected to do something or be somewhere, can others count on you? 8. Individuals can suffer from different disabilities that affect the body in different ways. 9. They can’t be still waiting. An hour has passed already. 10. There are many different aspects to focus on when considering the social environment. This could be littering, community activities and graffiti concerns. 11. Somebody is coming up to the ward. It could be a doctor. 12. There are a number of good, upstanding citizens within the UK that can provide a loving, caring home to children who cannot stay in their own home.
Task 4. Answer the questions with a suggestion. Use “could”:
1. Will you go anywhere for your holidays or will you stay home? 2. How will you prepare for your classes? 3. What will your mother cook for dinner? 4. What will you do to keep fit? 5. Where will you spend your weekend? 6. What will you do to improve your students’ excellence rating? 7. What can you do to stay healthy? 8. What will you do tonight? 9. How many sweets will you take a day? 10. How much money will you spend on books? 11. Where will you go if you feel 12.
NOTE!
Между can и be able to существует разница в значении. Can обозначает способность выполнить действие вообще, вне зависимости от ситуации. Но если мы имеем в виду способность выполнить действие, справиться с конкретной ситуацией, необходимо использовать be able to. Сравните:
- They could place the child in foster care any time but they were able to do it when the guardian became unable to continue caring for the child.
- He was upset because of his car crash and wasn’t able to concentrate on the point.
MAY / MIGHT
| Present | Past | Future |
| may | might | --- |
| am/is/are allowed to | was/were allowed to | will be allowed to |
| Значение | Примеры |
| Разрешение (ask / give permission) | - May I be late for the classes tomorrow? I have to go to the dean’s office. – Yes, you may. We were allowed to go home when our duty was off. |
| Вероятность совершения действия (probability) | Vegetable diet may help you to slim down. (Средняя-высокая степень уверенности) Vegetable diet might help you to slim down. (Средняя – низкая степень уверенности) |
| Объективная возможность совершения действия (possibility) | You may see him any day you like. He is always here. I may go home now that the classes are over. |
| Выражение неуверенности, сомнения (uncertainty) = сould в этом же значении | She may not say that in any case. She might not be a good mother as she is a bad daughter |
| Упрёк, сожаление (reproach, regret). Используется только might и Perfect Infinitive | You might have reminded me about this procedure. It’s your duty as a nurse. They might have predicted the consequences. |
Task 5. Express the same idea replacing the words possibly, perhaps by may be. Follow the pattern. Mind the order of words:
| Perhaps (possibly)Mr. Jones is right. Mr. Jonesmay beright. |
1) Possibly the information is wrong.
2) Perhaps, he is at home.
3) Possibly the appointment will be postponed.
4) Perhaps he is in the library.
5) Perhaps our group is in room 5.
6) Possibly Dr. Brown is in his office.
7) Perhaps this doctor’s working hours are over.
8) Possibly the calculations are wrong.
9) Perhaps the findings are controversial.
10) Possibly this social worker is engaged in family counseling.
11) Perhaps this student is interested in social studies.
12) Possibly the social environment here is quite favourable.
13) Perhaps this is a silly idea.
Task 6. Change the following sentences into the future according to the pattern:
| a) May I go home early today? Will you allow me to go home early today? b) May she not pay you the money today? Will you allow her not to pay (you) the money today? |
1) May he miss his classes tomorrow?
2) May I have a week’s holiday?
3) May the students look up the words in the dictionary now?
4) May I borrow your car tomorrow?
5) May I have a look at your notes?
6) May I not go for a check-up today?
7) May he not answer the question at once?
8) May she not do the job now?
9) May she postpone her visit to the doctor?
10) May we arrange another time for writing the test?
11) May I join the group therapy a bit later?
12) May he go home after finishing the work?
13) May I pay you back the debt next month?
Task 7. Analyze the following sentences. Explain the meaning of “may/might”:
1. The social worker can help you understand your feelings and adapt to changes in your lifestyle that might be necessary because of a transplant. 2. Doctor says I may not go out for 3 more days. 3. He might have gone to the party. 4. Social workers may intervene by providing individual, couple, or family counseling, offering group education or support. 5. A certified independent social worker may evaluate and intervene in complex difficulties in psychosocial functioning. 6. Your group mates might have realized their mistakes. But it’s too late now. 7. May we stay here for another week? 8. Students may not miss lectures. 8. Do you like to help people-to really make a difference in their daily lives? Then social work might be the field for you. 9. I may call you later. 10. Social workers might work with people who are homeless, sick, or having family problems. Or they might help students who are having trouble in school. 11. May we come a bit later?
NOTE!
1.При обращении с просьбой к человеку с более высоким социальным статусом предпочтительно употреблять might. Это звучит более официально и вежливо. Сравните:
- May I use your telephone?
- Might I borrow your telephone?
2. Употребление canвместо may для выражения просьбы встречается всё чаще и уже перешло из разговорного стиля в нейтральный, особенно вAmerican English (AE). Вопрос May I? означает, что спрашивающий зависит от воли собеседника. Вопрос Can I? предполагает, что спрашивающий считает свою просьбу вполне законной и она вполне может быть удовлетворена. Так, например, вопрос, обращенный медсестре - Can I come in and speak to Dr. Brown?означает, что вы точно знаете, что врач на месте и может вас принять, но спрашиваете разрешения на тот случай, если у врача другой посетитель. В данном случае вам важно не разрешение самой медсестры, а наличие разрешающих обстоятельств.
Reading and Speech Practice
Task 8. Find information on different personality types and answer the following questions:
1. Is there a uniform classification of personality types?
2. Are there any classifications based on people’s psychological peculiarities?
3. Do any classifications take into account cultural differences?
4. What are the most popular classifications?
Task 9. A. Find the meaning of the following words and word-combinations:
Enculturation; bias of a culture; hard-wired (in); modal personality; conscience; infraction; ethos; personality traits, stereotypical behaviors.
B. Try to predict the contexts in which these words might occur or the problems which may be related to them.
1. ________1________? Personality traits are entirely learned and not biologically hard-wired in. 2. _______2______? If guilt oriented personalities… Are there Personality Types? (1) We often share personality traits with others, especially members of our own family and community. This is…Task 11. Find the English words or expressions that are used in the text to give the following meaning in Russian.
Task 12.Match the words and phrases with similar meanings.
Task 13.Replace the words in bold with their opposites from the text.
Task 14. Derive nouns from the following verbs. Check the answers in the dictionary if necessary.
Task 15. A. Study the following patterns: To be likely to do sth; to be unlikely to sth; to be less likely E.g. If they are caught in the act or exposed publicly, they are likely to feel shame.Task 18. Agree or disagree with the statements below. Give your reasons. Use the patterns provided.
Feminine and masculine personality traits are biologically hard-wired in. Nature makes men aggressive and domineering. People in Russia always feel guilty about exceeding speed limits and jumping red lights.Task 20. Fill in the prepositions where necessary.
Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
Task 22. Use the information from this unit and find additional information on Internet to prepare a presentation on the following problems: · Cultural stereotypes · Our learned cultural bias and prejudiceUNIT 9
Description of Clinical Psychology
Grammar
Modal Verbs
MUST
| Present | Past | Future |
| must | --- | --- |
| Has/have to | Had to | Will have to |
| am/is/are to | was/were to | --- |
| Значение | Примеры |
| Обязательство, необходимость (obligation, necessity) | It is 9 o’clock. We are to start right now. I must go to this lecture. It is delivered by my favourite lecturer. |
| Приказ, неотложная просьба (command, urgent request) | You must stop smoking or you’ll die. You must stay in bedas you have got a fever. |
| Запрет (prohibition) | You mustn’t speak to a patient in Latin. He will be embarrassed and worried. |
| Предположение с высокой степенью вероятности (supposition implying high probability) | Look at her. She must be suffering. |
Task 1. Re-word the sentences according to the pattern. Remember that there is no particle to after the modal verb must:
| It is necessary for me to leave now. I must leave now. |
1) It is necessary for me to counsel a social worker.
2) It is necessary for us to be in time for the classes.
3) It is necessary for a social worker to be well organized and keep careful records.
4) It is necessary for the social worker to provide support to the client in a difficult situation.
5) It is necessary for students to work hard and study well.
6) It is necessary for the social worker to make the initial assessment of the client.
7) It is necessary for her to follow the prescribed treatment.
8) It is necessary for the client to feel comfortable and safe to be willing to share his/her thoughts with the psychologist.
9) It is necessary for a prospective social worker to be interested in improving people’s lives.
10) It is necessary for children to avoid drug use.
11) It is necessary for the monitor to inform the students about the latest news.
Task 2. Change the sentences with the words probably, presumably to sentences with the verb must expressing probability:
| She is presumably very tired after such a long journey. She must be very tired after such a long journey. |
1. You are probably ready for the test.
2. That is probably the best rehabilitation center in this neighborhood.
3. The client is probably quite satisfied with the treatment results.
4. Your friend is presumably over 20.
5. Your passport is presumably at home.
6. My colleague is presumably a Korean.
7. This work is probably very challenging.
8. The work of a social worker is presumably very rewarding.
9. Social work is presumably an exciting career area that is highly related to psychology.
10. Social work presumably include a wide range of issues, including psychological, financial, health, relationship, and substance abuse problems.
Task 3. Answer the following questions according to the pattern. Use the words suggested:
| Do we have to read this material for today? (No/for tomorrow) – No, we have to read it for tomorrow. |
1) Do they perform a laboratory work now? (No/from 1 to 3)
2) Does the patient have to take this medicine once a day? (No/three times a day)
3) Does she have to take her children to school every day? (No/only four times a week)
4) Do you have to write a grammar test today? (No/tomorrow)
5) Do we have to come here at 8.30? (No/at 10)
6) Do they have to start the experiment now? (No/in a couple of days)
7) Do I have to read it out? (No/read it to yourself)
8) Do all the students have to present their reports at the same day? (No/only those whose names are on the list)
9) Do we have to wear a white gown all the time? (No/only during the doctor’s working hours)
10) Do I have to present my findings right now? (No/tomorrow)
Task 4. Express the obligation to do the following actions in the future. Use the words suggested:
| I needn’t to do it now. (tomorrow) But I’ll have todo it tomorrow. |
1. He needn’t go home now. (in an hour)
2. I needn’t return the book this week. (next week)
3. You needn’t switch on the light now. (in an hour when it gets dark)
4. We needn’t wear our white coats now. (in half an hour when we enter the laboratory)
5. He needn’t see the tutor at 2 o’clock. (at 4)
6. I needn’t go to work today. It’s my day-off. (tomorrow)
7. You needn’t speak about it now. (later)
8. You needn’t check the information right now. (a bit later)
9. She needn’t operate this equipment now. (tomorrow)
10. We needn’t write any tests today. (next week)
NOTE!
1. В отличие от must, выражающего обязательность или необходимость выполнения действия по собственному желанию, have to используется для выражения необходимости, являющейся результатом сложившихся обстоятельств:
- I have to get up early every morning because I live far from my work and it takes me about an hour to get there.
2. В отрицательном предложении mustn’t имеет значительно большую степень запрещения, чем don’t have to.
- You don’t have to hurry. There is plenty of time.
- You mustn’t hurry. It is dangerous for our life.
3. Глагол to be toимеет особые оттенки значения – обязательность выполнения действия в силу договоренности, плана и как неизбежность (что-то предстоит сделать, суждено):
- He was to come at 7 but he didn’t come at all.
- She dreamed of becoming a physician but evidently it wasn’t to be.
4. Вопрос с have to может быть построен двумя способами:
- Have/has ... got to?
- Do/does ... have to?
Оба варианта равнозначны, но первый вариант более свойственен American English.
Task 5. Give short negative answers followed by statements in which the words suggested are to be used:
| Did you have to return the book to the library yesterday? (the day before yesterday) – No, I didn’t. I had to return it to the library the day before yesterday. |
1) Did she explain have to explain her absence to the teacher? (to the Dean)
2) Did they have to arrive an hour ago? (two hours ago)
3) Did the social worker have to speak to all the members of the client’s family? (only his parents)
4) Did the social worker have to assess in the child academic, social, and emotional issues? (only emotional issues)
5) Did you have to go to the psychologist last week? (a fortnight ago)
6) Did he have to help all patient groups? (only groups who are affected by acute, chronic, and terminal illnesses)
7) Did you have to arrange everything for the meeting yourself? (my assistant/help)
8) Did the social worker have to record all the information about the client? (only the relevant one)
9) Did you have to learn this theoretical material for today? (for yesterday)
10) Did the social worker have to visit the child in foster care yesterday? (the day before yesterday)
NOTE!
Глаголы don't have to, don't need to, needn’t to близки своему значению. Они выражают отсутствие обязательности действия, вызванной внешними обстоятельствами или авторитетным мнением.
- The session starts at 10.30, so I don't have to leave home until ten.
- You don’t need to make a home visit to this client as the client will come to your office at 11 a.m.
Но если необходимо сказать, что какое-то действие необязательно было совершать, но его всё же выполнили, используется needn’t + Perfect Infinitive.
- You needn’t have spoken to him in such a rude manner.
SHOULD and OUGHT
- ought to чаще выражает моральный долг, обязанность и поэтому стилистически «сильнее», чем should; - за глаголом ought следует инфинитив с частицей to, а после should частица не… Значение Примеры Моральное обязательство, долг (moral obligation, duty) A…Task 12. Match the words with a similar meaning
Task 13. Match the opposites
Task 14. Derive nouns from the following verbs:To assess; to rehabilitate; to prevent; to treat; to diagnose; to train; to develop; to consult; to administer; to apply; to classify; to exhibit; to experiment; to investigate; to conclude.
6. Pick out types of psychological problems mentioned in the text (paragraph 1). Match them to the descriptions below:
| 1. | a condition which occurs when a person is exposed to a number of factors such as psychogenic pain, internal conflicts, and external stress that prevent a person from self-actualization and connecting with 'significant others'. |
| 2. | deviation from social norms, failure to function adequately and deviation from ideal mental health |
| 3. | C. performing actions with potentially negative effects on health |
| 4. | D. a persistent psychological or psychiatric disorder, or emotional or mental illness. |
Key: 1. psychological distress; 4. psychological disability; 2. dysfunctional behaviour; 3. health risk behaviour.
Task 15. Here is an example of clinical scales a psychologist can use. Each scale is associated with a certain disorder from the list below. Find the information about these disorders and match them with the appropriate scale.
Psychasthenia, Paranoia, Hypochondriasis, Social Introversion, Depression; 3. Masculinity/Femininity, Hysteria, Schizophrenia, Psychopathic Deviate, Hypomania.
Psychological Scales
Scale 1: This scale was designed to asses a neurotic concern over bodily functioning. The 32-items on this scale concern somatic symptoms and… Scale 2: This scale was originally designed to identify depression,… Scale 3: The third scale was originally designed to identify those who display hysteria in stressful situations. Those…High qualification; international awards; PhD or PsyD; case studies; experimentation; close relationship with clients; testing; confidentiality; empathy; clinical scales; ethical standards; rapport with clients; self-assurance.
Task 19. Find the information on various contemporary approaches to psychology (see the independent work manual) and match the approach, its main idea and a sample research question.
| Approach | Main idea – What influences our behaviour? | Sample research question |
| 1. Psychoanalytic Psychology | a) Events in the environment (rewards and punishments) influence our behaviour. | A. Do genes affect your personality? |
| 2. Behavioural Psychology | b)How we process, store, and retrieve information influences our behaviour | B. How do people of different genders and ethnicities interact with one another? |
| 3.Humanistic Psychology | c) Unconscious motivations influence our bahviour | C. Can good study habits be learned? |
| 4. Cognitive Psychology | d) Ethnicity, gender, culture, and socioeconomic status influence our behaviour | D. Do I believe I can prepare for and pass the test? |
| 5. Biological Psychology | e) Individual or self-directed choices influence our behaviour | E. How have negative childhood experiences affected the way I handle stressful situations? |
| 6. Sociocultural Psychology | f) Biological factors influence our behaviour | F. How does caffeine affect memory? |
Key:1cE; 2aC; 3eD; 4bF; 5fA; 6dB.
Task 20. There are a few other types of psychology except clinical psychology. Try to guess (or see the independent work manual)the responsibilities of each of the specialists below. Choose the correct term below to complete the sentence.
A. clinical psychologist e. educational psycholgist
B. counseling psychologist f. community psychologist
1. __________ is a psychologist who studies the emotional, cognitive,… 2. __________ is a psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment…Task 21. Fill in the prepositions where necessary.
Key: 1. to; 2. with, to; 3. in, in, for; 4. in; 5. with; 6. of; 7. between, for; 8. for; 9. about; 10. to, from; 11.…Task 22. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
UNIT 10
Domains of Clinical Psychology
Конструкции в страдательном залоге используются в тех случаях, когда агент действия неизвестен, либо информация о нем не важна в ситуации, о которой… Wilhelm Wundt (подлежащее, агент действия) published the first experimental… Для построения предложения в страдательном залоге во временах группы Simple Passive используется глагол to be в…Task 5. Put the sentences into Future Simple Passive according to the given pattern.
Task 6. Answer the questions in Future Simple Passive, using the given suggestions: When will the lecture in computer science be … 1. When will the mail be sent? (tomorrow evening) 2. Where will the patient be… Task 7. Choose the active or passive structure:Domains of Clinical Psychology
Communication, thought and reasoning processes, expression and experience of emotion, physical responses to stressors, social relations, perception… The focus of the speciality in clinical child and adolescent psychology is on… Scientists and professionals practicing pediatric psychology focus on health care of children, adolescents, and their…Task 11. Match the words with a similar meaning
Task 12. Match the opposites
Task 13. Pay attention to the adequate translation of the followings English… This field aims to apply scientific knowledge to the promotion and maintenance of health – Целью данной области…Task 16. Match the followings problems with the domain they belong to.
Task 17. Fill in the prepositions if necessary.
Key: 1. to; 2. on, with; 3. to; 4. -; with, for; 5. to; 6. by, on; 7. with,…Task 20. Translate the following sentences.
Key: 1. How many specialities are recognized within clinical psychology? 2.…Task 21. Use the ideas from the text to create an advertisement for psychology clinic. In the ad, describe the services of the types of clinical psychologists that work at your clinic. You should include at least four types of psychologists such as clinical child and adolescent psychology, pediatric psychology, clinical geropsychology, and neuropsychology. When creating your ad, keep in mind the types of problems that people might want to bring to the clinic.
UNIT 11
Grammar Passive Voice: Continuous Tenses Present Continuous Passive используется в тех же ситуациях, что и Present Continuous Active, но его подлежащее…Am
Is being interviewed
Аre
Для выражения отрицательного значения используется частица not, которая ставится после вспомогательного глагола. Вопросы конструируются путем постановки вспомогательного глагола перед подлежащим.
Past Continuous Passive применяется также, как и Past Continuous Active, но его подлежащее является объектом, на который направлено действие. С.: Active: The social worker was interviewing the child in his office. Passive: The child was being interviewed by the social worker in his office.
Формальными показателями этого времени служит глагол to be, используемый в прошедшем времени (was/were), отглагольная форма being в сочетании с третьей формой глагола (глагол + окончание –ed для правильных глаголов и третья форма глагола – для неправильных глаголов).
Was
Were being interviewed
Task 1. Change the sentences into Present Continuous Passive: They are developing a new medicine in the research institute. A new… 1. The social worker is referring the client to a more qualified mental health… Task 2. Answer the questions in Present Continuous Passive, using the given suggestions. Use there instead of the…Task 5. Put questions to the words in italics.
Task 6. Write five words or phrases that, in your opinion, characterize…Task 7. Read the name of the text below.
A) Write the questions that might be answered in it.
Child and adolescent clinical psychology: Conduct Disorder (1) The major problems child and adolescent clinical psychology deals with are… (2) Conduct disorder is one of the most difficult and intractable mental health problems in children and adolescents.…Task 8. Use the information from the text to complete the spidergram. One item has already been filled in for you.
Task 9. Which paragraphs do the following summaries refer to: A. It lists the main symptoms of conduct disorder. B. It describes the ways of managing disorder problems.Toileting problems 1. Нарушение санитарно-гигиенических мероприятий; 2. проблемы с пользованием туалетом; 3. проблемы с самостоятельным пользованием туалетом.
Persuasive developmental disorders 1. навязчивые расстройства развития; 2. расстройства аутистического спектра; 3. общая дисфункция развития.
Repetition problems 1. Повторы слов; 2. эхолалия; 3. эхоподобная речь.
Foster care 1. воспитание приемного ребенка; 2. патронатное воспитание; уход за чужим ребенком.
Separation 1. разлука супругов; 2. раздельное проживание супругов; 3. разрыв отношений между супругами.
Oppositional defiant behavior 1. оппозиционно-вызывающее поведение; 2. поведение, вызывающее оппозицию; 3. противопоставление себя другим.
8. Arousal 1. активация; 2. возбуждение; 3. активность центральной нервной системы. 9. Sensation-seeking activities 1. погоня за сенсациями; 2. поиск острых… 10. Inconsistent parental availability 1. ограниченные контакты с родителями; 2. недостаточное времяпрепровождение с…Task 11. Find the English words or expressions that are used in the text to give the following meaning in Russian.
Key: 1. bereavement; 2. to display aggression; 3. adolescent; 4. teacher-child interactions; 5.violation of rules; 6.…Task 13. Replace the words in bold with their opposites from the text to make the sentences true to the text.
Key:1. decreased; 2. inconsistent; 3. appropriate; 4. increases; 5. typical of; 6. critical; 7. antisocial; 8. a small, significant; 9. severe.Task 14.Tick the correct preposition, then make sentences using the phrases, as in the example.
Task 15. Arrange jumbled sentences.
behaviors//relationships//and//peer. 3. As//classified//only//be//disorder//can// severe //conduct//disruption/. 4.… …Task 17. Translate the following sentences.
Key: 1. What major problems does child and adolescent clinical psychology deal…UNIT 12
Child Abuse
Passive Voice: Perfect Tenses В страдательном залоге (Passives) времена группы Perfect сохраняют свои… Для построения предложения в страдательном залоге во временах этой группы используется глагол to have (в…Child Abuse
Children suffering abuse develop a range of maladaptive, anti-social and…UNIT 13
Grammar
Participles
Participle I Simple Active образуется путем добавления окончания -ing к первой форме глагола. Выступая в функции определения, данная форма… Participle II образуется путем добавления окончания -ed к первой форме глагола… Task1. Change the following sentences using Participle I. Follow the model:Geropsychology
Geropsychology encourages older adults to live full lives well into their senior years by providing psychotherapies and interventions to treat a… Negative cognitive changes sometimes manifest in older adults for a variety of… Geropsychologists often work with older adults suffering from chronic illness. When a patient is diagnosed with a…Text 6 Neuropsychology
Clinical neuropsychologists address neurobehavioral problems related to… Clinical neuropsychologists consult with patients and their families in healthcare settings, such as hospitals or…UNIT 14
Grammar: The Complex Object
Epilepsy and Neuropsychology
A person living with epilepsy may be referred to a neuropsychologist if they… 1) The type and location of seizures in the brain. There are several different types of epilepsy syndromes. Some…Strategies for Supporting Attention and Executive Functions
-give yourself well-timed rest breaks after long periods of concentration -have set start and stop times for work -increase the structure in your environment and follow routinesStrategies for Supporting Learning and Memory
-be active in your learning (visualize, write it out, repeat, review); don’t assume you will remember
something
-try to relate new information to something you already know; try to make it meaningful
-pace yourself: don’t try to learn too much at once
-use mnemonic cues such as rhymes or acronyms to remember things
-keeps lists or a journal to remind yourself of important information
Strategies for Optimal Thinking
-relax; reduce your stress
-get plenty of sleep
-eat nutritiously
-exercise regularly
UNIT 15
Grammar The Complex Subject
Methods of Research
Naturalistic observation. Researchers need to know how people and animals behave naturally. To obtain such information, a psychologist uses… Case studies. A case study is an intensive study of a person or group. Most… Surveys. One of the most practical ways to gather data on the attitudes, beliefs, and experiences of large numbers of…Exercise. Choose the correct term or concept below to complete the sentence.
A. sample d. single-blind experiment
B. longitudinal study e. double-blind experiment
C. control group f. placebo effect
2. In an experiment, the ___________ includes the participants who are not exposed to experimental variables. 3. The ________ is a change in a patient’s physical state that results from… 4. In a(n) ___________, neither the participants nor the experimenter knows whether the participants are in the…Exercise. Find the information which can help you to answer the questions below in the text.
1. What are two ways that a researcher can avoid a biased sample? 2. When do researchers use naturalistic observation? 3. How does a self-fulfilling prophecy present a problem for researchers? Can you describe the following research procedures - diaries, tests, questionnaires, and interviews?
Exercise. Read the text below and say which research methods Jean Piaget used. Prove your point of view.
Jean Piaget
What did Piaget discover? He discovered that knowledge builds as children grow. Children develop logic and think differently at different ages.…UNIT 16
Psychological Therapies
Grammar
Reported Speech
Reading and Speech Practice
Task 1. Read the title of the text and try to guess what the text is about judging by the title? What do you know or what have you heard about the subject you are going to read about?
Task 2. Find information on different psychological therapies. Discuss with your partner your ideas about:
A) Eclectic approaches;
B) Psychoanalysis;
C) Humanistic Counseling;
D) Cognitive-behavioural therapies;
E) Behavioural therapies.
Task 3. Read the text and match each heading with the correct paragraph.
A R Y Psychological therapiesTask 5.Find the English words or expressions that are used in the text to give the following meaning in Russian.
Key: 1. to come to mind; 2. to pay attention; 3. negative consequences; 4. complementary; 5. rationale; 6. reasoning; 7. to claim; 8. to argue; 9.…Task 6. Match the equivalents.
Task 7. Replace the words in bold with their opposites to make them true to the text.
Key: 1. comprehensive; 2. exacerbated; 3. family; 4. maladaptive; 5. irrational; 6. learned; 7. unaware; 8. long-term; 9. precipitate.Task 8. Fill in the appropriate words from the list below.
1. People possess a natural ___1___ growth and self-fulfillment. 2. Humanistic… Key: 1. tendency towards; 2. approach; 3. rationale behind; 4. technique; 5. aim; 6. methods. 7. reasons behind; 8.…Task 8. A. Find online information on the concepts below.
Antipsychotic drugs, systemic desensitization, active listening, free association, insight, empathy, eclectic approach, unconditional positive regard, counterconditioning; aversive conditioning; transference, operant conditioning; dream analysis.
B. Now match the words from this list to their definitions.
Key:1. aversive conditioning (аверсивное обусловливание, выработка условнорефлекторного отвращения); 2. unconditional positive regard…Task 9. Choose the letter of the correct term or concept below to complete the sentence.
b. empathy g. aversive conditioning c. insight h. antipsychotic drugs d. free association i. active listeningVignette 1.
I suggested to Steve that there might be more to his forgetting than meets the eye, and asked if he had any ideas about this. Steve eventually said…Vignette 2
After an eating binge, I asked her to notice any thoughts that occurred to her, whether or not they seemed related to the eating binge. Her thoughts…Task 12. One of the ways of implementing systematic desensitization is progressive relaxation. Narrate the procedure of progressive muscle relaxation in the name of a client in the past tense. The verbs which may be helpful are provided. One sentence is done for you.
The psychologist asked/invited me to make myself in a comfortable position.
| I. Patients make themselves in a comfortable position. | To ask/to invite |
| II. Light or soft music/pleasant visual cues are provided. | To suggest |
| III. A brief explanation about the progressive muscle relaxation (patients relax major muscle group in a fixed order, beginning with the small muscle group of the feet towards head) | To give/to offer, to explain |
| IV. Clients tense each muscle group for approximately 10 seconds. | To instruct |
| V. Clients feel the tension of the muscle and uncomfortable sensations in the body parts. | To warn |
| VI. Clients relax each muscle | To offer |
| VII. Clients feel the difference between both the situations. | To ask |
Task 13. Another way of implementing systematic desensitization is hierarchy construction.
The psychologist suggested that I should…/The psychologist suggested doing… The psychologist made me do… The psychologist asked me to do…B. Build another example of hierarchy construction for another type of phobia.
Client 1. My parents are always away and no one seems to care about me. Client 2. My children are very busy so I am going to be a heavy burden to them.Task 16. Fill in the prepositions if necessary.
Key: 1. of, back to; 2. about; 3. for; 4. at; 5. with; 6. with, into, behind;…Task 17. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
Key. 1. The main psychoanalysis techniques include dream analysis, free association and hypnotherapy. 2. Which…Task 19. The following words and phrases are in the interview. Check the meaning and the pronunciation in your dictionary.
Boring; date; inapt; to figure out, to feel sick; failure; slob; disgusting; to flirt; to exchange; usher; to giggle; to bash; bizarre; in a full alert; to remind; anxious; awkward; to ignore; to represent.
Task 20. Listen to the text. Say which of these the client really complained of.
2. Feeling awkward when he starts dating a woman. 3. Feeling sick when he starts dating a woman. 4. Failure to flirt with women.PSYCHOANALYTIC THERAPY SESSION
P.: When you left here today you seemed kind of ___1___ about the date you have last night. C.: Oh, yes. Oh, I don't know why I forgot about that? The whole reason I came… P.: Well, as you think about the dream, what ____8____?UNIT 16
Verbal Communication
Grammar
Gerund
Reading and Speech Practice
Task 1. A. Discuss the following questions with your partner.
B. Read the first paragraph of the text. Can you guess what other parts of the text describe? Task 2. Now read the whole text and say which paragraph describes: a) the way how to end an interview;Task 3. Find the answers to the questions below.
Task 4. Say which of the words in the list below are used in the text with the following words. Give their Russian equivalents. Make up sentences with the word-combinations you built.
to bring to an end; to gather; assertive; good; to provide; to be of high standard; factual; professional; social worker/service-user; to break down; verbal; to enhance; effectiveness; congruent; to understand; effective; highly-developed.
information →
communication →
relationship →
skills →
Key:
information → to gather; to provide; to understand; factual;
communication → assertive; verbal; to be of a high standard; effectiveness; to enhance; effective;
relationship → to bring to an end; to break down;social worker/service-user; professional; to enhance; congruent;
skills → highly-developed; good; verbal.
Task 5.Find the English words or expressions that are used in the text to give the following meaning in Russian.
Key: 1. correcting feedback; 2. congruent; 3.coerce into; 4. to elicit; 5. leading question; 6. to enhance; 7. to lead to best practice; 8. to put…Task 6. Match the English and Russian equivalents.
Task 7. Replace the words in bold with their opposites to make them true to the text.
Key: 1. congruence; 2. avoid; 3. assertive; 4. positive; 5. narrow; 6. let … know; 7. imperative; 8. elicit; 9. highly-developed; 10. enhances.Task 8. Fill in the correct preposition, then choose any three and make sentences.
1. … a pace; 6. to lead …
2. to put … practice 7. … this way
3. to be … a high standard 8. to give value …
4. to end … a note 9. to bring relationships … an end
5. to draw attention … 10. to refer …
Key: 1. at; 2. into; 3. of; 4. on; 5. to; 6. to; 7. in; 8. to; 9. to; 10. to.
Task 9. When dealing with different vulnerable client groups a social worker has to choose a communicative approach that works well for this group. With clients who are poor a social worker has to keep the following things in mind. Turn these sentences into questions to address your client during an interview. One question is already provided for you.
| 1. Specific concern, problem, or request. Lack of money/some nonmonetary concern. | What are your specific concern, problem, or request? Is it related to a lack of money or to some nonmonetary concern? |
| 2. Client’s goals. Something to happen to achieve these goals. | |
| 3. Strengths developed to survive and cope with his or her very difficult circumstances? | |
| 4. Personal and family characteristics, situational factors, and economic forces contributing to the poverty experienced by this individual. | |
| 5. A time when the client was self-sufficient. Changes in the situation. | |
| 6. Growing up in a family living in poverty or in a family with adequate economic resources. | |
| 7. Meaning of poverty. | |
| 8. Family and close relatives who are poor/ economically different from family and relatives | |
| 9. Being abandoned or rejected by family/relatives who are better off economically. Any problems (mental illness, substance abuse, or criminal activity) contributing to this ostracism? | |
| 10. Client’s sources of social support and everyday assistance. | |
| 11. Strengths or resiliency factors to rely upon to survive and cope with the challenges of living in poverty. |
Key: 2. What are your goals, and what needs to happen in order for you to achieve these goals? 3.What strengths have you developed in order to survive and cope with your very difficult circumstances? 4. What personal and family characteristics, situational factors, and economic forces are contributing to the poverty experienced by you? 5. Was there a time when you were self-sufficient and making an adequate living? If yes, what happened to change the situation? 6. Did you grow up in a family living in poverty or in a family with adequate economic resources? 7. What meaning do you assign to being poor? 8. Do you have family and close relatives who are poor, or are you economically different from family and relatives? 9. Have you been abandoned or rejected by family and relatives who are better off economically? If yes, did a problem such as mental illness, substance abuse, or criminal activity contribute to this ostracism? 10. Who are your sources of social support and everyday assistance? 11. What strengths or resiliency factors have you relied upon to survive and cope with the challenges of living in poverty?
Task 10. When dealing with a child you should adjust your vocabulary and manner of speaking to the age of the child. Match the steps one should follow with sample conversations. For one step there are two sample conversations.
| Steps to Follow | Sample Phrases |
| 1. Introducing yourself. | A. When I was your age, I was afraid to talk to people. |
| 2. Explaining why you want to talk to the child (the purpose of the interview). | B. Beckie, I am going to make some guesses about what is bothering you. If my guesses are getting closer to what is troubling you, tell me that I am getting warm. If my guesses are wrong, tell me that I am getting cold |
| 3. Engaging the child in a parallel activity. | C. Could you complete the story?/Could you describe what the doll/the character in the pictures is doing/thinking/feeling? |
| 4. Gathering information from children. | D. My name is John Brown. Please call me John. My job is to help children who are having problems at home. |
| 5. Eliciting information if the child is having difficulty articulating a concern (the game of Hot and Cold). | E. What happened next? Then what did you do? Where did this happen? Who was with you?, etc. |
| F. Katie, we are going to be doing a lot of talking and we may get thirsty. Should we get some juice now or should we wait until later? |
Key: 1D; 2A; 3F; 4C, E; 5B.
Task 11. A. Match the steps the social worker should follow when dealing with the client who is in crisis with sample phrases.
Key: 1C; 2F; 3E; 4G; 5I; 6B; 7D; 8A; Task 12. A. Questioning is one the most important communication techniques in… A. Open-Ended Questions (allow the interviewee a chance to explain the answer is more useful than a yes or no answer):…Task 14. The following words and phrases are in the interview. Check the meaning and the pronunciation in your dictionary.
Task 15. Listen to an extract from a social work interview. Choose the correct options speaking about the problems the client is facing: 1. She is homeless at present. 2. Her husband lost his job.Task 16. (поместить сам текст в Appendix) Read the script of the Social Work Interview in the Appendix. Identify the communication techniques employed by the social worker.
SW: Hi, I’m Eninsia Hamison. How are you today?
C: Hello, good, how are you?
SW: And your name is…
C: Lorry Davies.
SW: Thank you, Ms Davis, and how may I address you?
C: You may call me Lorry.
SW: Great. And this is our office here, if you don’t mind having a seat. Is there anything I can get you to start.
C: No.
SW: Wonderful. And Lorry I was a […] officer I am a social worker at the Claiman office. I do have your record in front of me and I want to remind you everything what will remain confidential. Is it all right if I proceed from some of the information that was filled out that you submitted to the office.
C: Sure.
SW: Great. Can you give some more information of why you are here today.
C: I am here looking for some help
SW: Oh, we’ll be happy to help you.
C: My husband lost his job nine months ago. His unemployment ran out. I don’t have my employment. I am in too much pain all the time. We’ve got three kids at home, we rent a home and the rent’s coming due. I almost have {крошериз groceries). I just help
SW: It seems a lot going on. And that seems like a tough time. Do you mind if I ask you some more specific questions so that we can make sure that we can get you the best help possible today.
C: Go ahead.
SW: Let’s start with you telling me about what happened with your husband losing his job.
C: All the economy was quite bad and he lost job, his business closed down.
SW: And that was nearly nine months ago you said.
C: Uhu.
SW: And then he filed for unemployment
C: He did a run-out.
SW. And how long ago did he run out?
C: Husband - a couple to three months. And our savings is now gone.
SW: Everything you have saved up for. And you said that you originally from the information that we gathered had a job.
C: I did. And I ended having a pelvic pain, like that and I just couldn’t work, I can’t stand. I can’t sit.
SW: Did you also take unemployment?
C: I did. And the benefit’s over now too.
SW: I understand. And let me ask you how many members are in the family.
C.: There’s my husband, myself, and we have three children.
SW: And is it accurate from what I was shown your husband was a primary provider with the health insurance and after that those medical benefits ceased.
C: Yeah, as soon as he lost his job those benefits ceased.
SW: I understand. Let me ask you since you, since that unemployment run-out you said it was a couple of months ago and you coming today to find more work essential…
C: Work, money, the way to pay my food, rent, power, all of it.
SW: Okay, so what we’ve assessed so far is that your children are without health insurance and you and your husband are without health insurance because we do have programs, we could give you the information and we could look further such as Medicaid, Medicare, Tenf and Chips.
C: Okay.
SW: We’ll make sure that we can get the paperwork if you don’t mind filling it out before you go we could get on that right away. I also wanna to address the other concern. You said that the savings is all gone
C: It’s the other fact my bank account is overdrawn.
SW: Okay. And let me ask you this – since the savings is all gone, are you renting or paying a mortgage?
C: We are renting and the rent still the fifth, first.(дифитс) defeats/ theft.
SW: That’s correct and today is the […седие] let’s take a look at what we can do for the resources in that area. Have you considered a moving in with relatives.
C: Yeah, but it will cost us money to move in with relatives and I just have that kind of money right now.
SW: That’s understandable. With respect to and just finalizing us a clarifying question. We’ve established essentially all of your needs and how we gonna be able to further assist you doing that paperwork, it does seem that it be a good qualifier in these areas from the information that you’ve given me. My question would be at this time – we could most of the way get your word to those offices so that all the family could see a provider for the dental and medical – How long has it been since you last saw your doctor.
C: It’s been a year.
SW: Okay. Let me just make a note of that to make sure that we can get him in as soon as possible. And then let me ask you what your husband has been able to find in his search.
C: A couple of temporary jobs at seven dollars an hour and usually he makes fifteen dollars an hour and it helps stretch but it doesn’t’ pay the bills.
SW: That’s understandable. Has he updated his resume?
C: I think so, but I am not sure.
SW: Okay. Because may be an area of opportunity after you have seen the doctor what would you like to do, would you like to be – a stay at home mum or would you like to go back to the work field.
C: No, I need to go back to work.
SW: Okay, even if it’s part-time.
C: Uhu. Anything.
SW: Anything. Great. Well, because what I would suggest in the situation – how would you and your husband feel about coming to one of our free workshops where we could work on you resume, look for jobs by updating your skills and possibly a vocational program. We do offer free programs through the college of technology to be able to build on skills to make you more to make you more marketable to get back into the work field.
C: That’s great but what I gonna do about child care.
SW: We could most certainly look into that as an option of-, where we could…. It would just be for one night and class is one hour, in the evenings, when hopefully most people-, we scheduled that in the evenings for most people to be off work at that time is there anywhere else that you could leave the children for that time.
C: No, my sister watches the children when I need her to but she works nights.
SW: That’s understandable, so let’s make a note we’ll make sure that we get your reference for a childcare so that you could attend the free workshop and possibly get you there a lot faster and especially your husband by updating the resume.
And let’s take a look at the other issue you told me and that was the food, and the money you said you had run out. We do have some phone numbers and resources within the community that we could give you to help you at this time.
C: That would be great.
SW: Well, certainly. So we will do this if you do not oppose it sounds like we need to get you to fill out the paperwork so we could see what programs you do qualify for. We will get you the specific date for the workshop. We’ll ask you to fill out the forms and we’ll submit those today and that way we could do follow-up by a phone call, I know you came out of your way today and I could give you a phone call next week, by the latest Friday to be about if there’s I want you to qualify for and before you leave the office today we’ll make sure that you have all of those numbers to follow up for other resources, for both food and monetary funds.
C: And what if don’t have all the information you need today?
SW: What would be-, when would be the best time that you could get it back to us you could fax it in? It’s understandable, you may not have all the paperwork with you. Would you like to fax it in?
C: I don’t have access to a fax machine, I have to go back down. I could may be get it to you by tomorrow or the next day.
SW: That would be wonderful or the other suggestion I was gonna say. You could possibly stay with us, fill out the best-, the most amount of paperwork that you can do today and I was looking in your area, there is a local library that will send a free fax.
C: Oh! Okay.
SW: Just so you are aware. And that might be a better option because we know you are in financial hardship and gasping and what it is. And the overall suggestion that I was looking over if you don’t have any other questions or concerns…
C: I don’t think so.
SW: And I just wanna to ask, I am sure this has taken a psychological and mental toll on your family, would you have a group session with families or would you have a counselor that would be able to provide free services to address how everyone in the family is feeling at this time?
C: Okay.
SW: Compared to you feeling, compared to your husband and the children. You could provide the resource especially since you’ve been through this hard time and what we could do after that is you also gonna go to the next milestone in your life of going back to and [playing …] so we gonna make sure we set you up physically and mentally to prepare.
C: Okay. Thank you.
SW: So, thank for coming into, Lorry.
Task 17. Make up dialogues adapting your interaction style to the situation: The participants are as follows:
A social worker and a client who is poor;
A social worker and a 5-year old physically abused son of drinking parents;
A social worker and a 12-year old child who skips school;
A social worker and a person who seriously suffered in an accident;
A social worker and a bereaved mother with children;
A social worker and a person who lost a job;
A social worker and an abandoned spouse;
A social worker and an elderly retired person.
Task 18. Use this New Free Association Technique to interpret your latest dreams.
· Only Select the section or paragraph that is most emotionally charged if your dream is extraordinarily long. Otherwise you should work with the… · List every word of that paragraph on the left side of the page. You may… Instead of writing "Stepped on my toes" as individual words, you can leave the phrase as a group or single…Choose one field of clinical psychology and detail the education, skills required, and qualities needed for a job that field.
UNIT 17
Clinical Psychology in Russia
PSYCHOLOGY AROUND THE WORLD
Struggling to build a practice Russian psychology fights to bring psychotherapy to a needy but wary public.
Monitor Staff June 2002, Vol 33, No. 6 Before 1991, clinical psychology as we know it in the West didn't exist in Russia. Psychologists primarily conducted…Getting an education
Although psychology programs are still largely research-focused and located only in Russia's big cities, such as Moscow or Leningrad, says Maknach,… While the signs are good for the growth of psychological practice, one of the… "And there is little literature available," notes Janice Strength, PhD, a psychologist at Fuller Theological…A wary public
"There are people hanging out a shingle claiming to be psychologists and they're really hurting people," adds Strength. Maknach compares… "Sometimes in the minds of the people, there is not much difference… "The whole discipline really hasn't come into its own," explains Strength. Few Russians seek psychological…Specialise; therapist; professional bodies; providing; counselor; professions; extensive training;
Clinical psychologists have _____1_____ in assessing a range of psychological difficulties and determining the most appropriate form of help, as… Therapists and counsellors, on the other hand, usually ____3______ in… Therapists and counsellors are not yet legally regulated ______7______, but many therapists and counselors voluntarily…SECTION II Информативное чтение
(1) As we age, our bodies change in many ways that affect the function of both individual cells and organ systems. These changes occur little by… The aging process depends on a combination of both genetic and environmental… (2) Aging causes functional changes in cells. For example, the rate at which cells multiply tends to slow down as we…На развитие процессов, связанных со старением, существенное влияние оказывают привычки и образ жизни человека
1) истинное;
2) ложное;
3) в тексте нет информации об этом.
Различные внешние воздействия, такие как избыточное ультрафиолетовое излучение и недостаточное поступление кислорода одинаково губительны для организма в любом возрасте
1) истинное;
2) ложное;
3) в тексте нет информации об этом.
Упражнение 4. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) соответствует следующая информация:
Процессы старения обусловлены прежде всего утратой защитных сил организма.
Старение не всегда сопровождается патологическими изменениями в организме.
Упражнение 5. Укажите предложения, детализирующие следующие положения:
Некоторые факторы оказывают влияние на продолжительность жизни человека.
По мере старения изменяется структура тканей человека.
Упражнение 6. Расставьте данные тезисы в таком порядке, чтобы они составили план статьи.
1. Cellular changes associated with aging
2. Genetic and environmental factors
3. Normal aging and disease
4. Normal aging
5. Adjusting potential
6.Bodily changes associated with aging
Упражнение 7. Расставьте предложения в таком порядке, чтобы они отражали содержание изученного текста в качестве основных положений реферата.
Не существует прямой зависимости между процессом старения и появлением многих заболеваний.
Адаптивные способности человека могут помочь ему одержать победу над возрастом.
Процессы старения могут протекать незаметно для человека.
На процессы старения оказывает влияние целый ряд генетических и внешних факторов.
В ходе старения изменяется ряд физиологических параметров организма.
Старение связано с угасанием защитно-адаптивных механизмов человеческого организма.
Text 2
Phillipe Pinel
Squalor – грязь, убожество; studious – прилежный, усердный; lunatic asylum – психиатрическая лечебница; futile – бесполезный, тщетный; mentally… (1) Phillipe Pinel (1745-1826) is called the father of scientific psychiatry.…Основным терапевтическим принципом, провозглашенным Филлипом Пинелем, было гуманное отношение к психическим больным.
1) истинное;
2) ложное;
3) в тексте нет информации об этом.
На его решение пойти по стопам своего отца повлияли ужасные условия содержания людей с психическими заболеваниями.
1) истинное;
2) ложное;
3) в тексте нет информации об этом.
В программе Филлипа Пинеля по обучению персонала гуманистическим методам лечения принимали участие только те, кто разделял его взгляды.
1) истинное;
2) ложное;
3) в тексте нет информации об этом.
Упражнение 5. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,7) соответствует следующая информация:
Филлип Пинель внес определенный вклад в разработку теоретического описания психиатрических заболеваний.
Практический опыт, полученный Ф. Пинелем, стал опровержением идей Руссо о добродетельной природе человека.
У Филлипа Пинеля было множество последователей.
Упражнение 6. Укажите предложения, детализирующие следующие положения:
Условия существования пациентов психиатрических лечебниц были ужасными.
Согласно его наклонностям, Пинель готовился стать священником.
Попытки Пинела помочь другим вызвали серьезные проблемы.
4. Дигноз «уственно осталый» был своего рода приговором в те дни.
Упражнение 7. Расставьте предложения в таком порядке, чтобы они отражали содержание изученного текста в качестве основных положений реферата.
1. Пинель первым начал заниматься сбором анамнеза и ведением истории болезни.
Увлечение либеральными трудами французских просветителей изменило жизненные планы Ф. Пинеля.
Его первый опыт преподавания и научной деятельности не принес ему известности.
Ф. Пинель долгие годы проповедовал гуманистические идеалы лечения психических больных.
Предположение о том, что умственно отсталые люди обучаемы, не получило полного подтверждения.
Ребенок, выросший вдали от цивилизации, опроверг идеи французских просветителей о ее пагубном влиянии на человека.
Ф. Пинель попытался улучшить материальные условия содержания пациентов, а также коренным образом изменить отношение к ним.
Text 3. Eli Todd
(2) At the beginning of the 19th century only three states had hospitals…Тодд считал единственной причиной бедственного положения в психиатрических больницах отсутствие адекватных условий для содержания больных.
1) истинное;
2) ложное;
3) в тексте нет информации об этом.
2. «Принцип нестеснения» активно применялся последователями Тодда в лечебных учреждениях, которые создавались по его инициативе в различных штатах.
1) истинное;
2) ложное;
3) в тексте нет информации об этом.
Терапевтические отношения между пациентом и врачом подразумевали признание способностей и достоинства больного.
1) истинное;
2) ложное;
3) в тексте нет информации об этом.
Упражнение 5. Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) соответствует следующая информация:
Врачебная деятельность Эли Тодда не принесла ему значительного дохода.
Успехи Тодда принесли ему чрезвычайную популярность.
В обязанности общества должно входить обеспечение ухода за больными с психическими заболеваниями.
Упражнение 6. Укажите предложения, детализирующие следующие положения:
Некоторые выводы Эли Тодда были неправильно истолкованы т применены его коллегами.
Реализация собственного подхода к лечению психиатрических пациентов была для Тодда важнее карьерного роста.
Эли Тодд не понаслышке знал о страданиях людей с психиатрическими заболеваниями.
Оказание психиатрической помощи было большой проблемой в 19в.
Упражнение 7. Расставьте предложения в таком порядке, чтобы они отражали содержание изученного текста в качестве основных положений реферата.
Популярность Эли Тодда, завоеванная им благодаря преданности своему делу, была преумножена его последователями.
Оказание психиатрической помощи находилось в плачевном состоянии и лежало в основном на плечах членов родственников больного.
Врачебная практика Эли Тодда не принесла ему ни денег, ни славы, ни удовлетворения.
Тодд значительно изменил представления об условиях оказания психиатрической помощи и о природе психического заболевания.
Создание новой психиатрической лечебнице во главе с Эли Тоддом позволило ему реализовать свои гуманистические принципы лечения.
Увеличение числа психических расстройств является одним из последствий современной демократии.
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